ABCA1
Cholesterol metabolism
Coloration
Coding,
SNP
N
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Attie AD; Hamon Y; Brooks-Wilson AR ; et al. (2002)
Identification and functional analysis of a naturally occurring E89K mutation in the ABCA1 gene of t[...]
Agouti
Coloration
3 Mutations:
Coturnix japonica
Japanese quail - (species) D
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
3 References
Endothelin receptor B
Coloration
Coding,
SNP
Coturnix japonica
Japanese quail - (species) D
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Miwa M; Inoue-Murayama M; Aoki H ; et al. (2007)
Endothelin receptor B2 (EDNRB2) is associated with the panda plumage colour mutation in Japanese qua[...]
MC1R
Coloration
Coding,
SNP
Coturnix japonica
Japanese quail - (species)
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Nadeau NJ; Minvielle F; Mundy NI (2006)
Association of a Glu92Lys substitution in MC1R with extended brown in Japanese quail (Coturnix japon[...]
Melanophilin (MLPH)
Coloration
Unknown,
Complex Change
Coturnix japonica
Japanese quail - (species)
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Minvielle F; Cecchi T; Passamonti P ; et al. (2009)
Plumage colour mutations and melanins in the feathers of the Japanese quail: a first comparison.
1 Additional References
Microphtalmia-associated transcription factor
Coloration
Coding,
Deletion
N
Coturnix japonica
Japanese quail - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Minvielle F; Bed'hom B; Coville JL ; et al. (2010)
The "silver" Japanese quail and the MITF gene: causal mutation, associated traits and homology with [...]
1 Additional References
SLC45A2=MATP
Coloration
2 Mutations:
Coding,
SNP
Coturnix japonica
Japanese quail - (species)
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Gunnarsson U; Hellström AR; Tixier-Boichard M ; et al. (2007)
Mutations in SLC45A2 cause plumage color variation in chicken and Japanese quail.
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Coloration
Coding,
SNP
Coturnix japonica
Japanese quail - (species)
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Nadeau NJ; Mundy NI; Gourichon D ; et al. (2007)
Association of a single-nucleotide substitution in TYRP1 with roux in Japanese quail (Coturnix japon[...]
CDKN2A
Coloration
4 Mutations:
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Schwochow Thalmann D; Ring H; Sundström E ; et al. (2017)
The evolution of Sex-linked barring alleles in chickens involves both regulatory and coding changes [...]
1 Additional References
CYP19A1
Coloration
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Li J; Davis BW; Jern P ; et al. (2019)
Characterization of the endogenous retrovirus insertion in CYP19A1 associated with henny feathering [...]
Endothelin receptor B2
Coloration
2 Mutations:
Coding,
SNP
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Kinoshita K; Akiyama T; Mizutani M ; et al. (2014)
Endothelin receptor B2 (EDNRB2) is responsible for the tyrosinase-independent recessive white (mo(w)[...]
MC1R
Coloration
6 Mutations:
Coding,
SNP
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Domesticated
Mixed
3 References
PMEL17
Coloration
3 Mutations:
Coding,
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Domesticated
Mixed
Kerje S; Sharma P; Gunnarsson U ; et al. (2004)
The Dominant white, Dun and Smoky color variants in chicken are associated with insertion/deletion p[...]
SLC45A2=MATP
Coloration
3 Mutations:
Coding,
N
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Domesticated
Mixed
Gunnarsson U; Hellström AR; Tixier-Boichard M ; et al. (2007)
Mutations in SLC45A2 cause plumage color variation in chicken and Japanese quail.
SOX10
Coloration
Cis-regulatory,
Deletion
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Gunnarsson U; Kerje S; Bed'hom B ; et al. (2011)
The Dark brown plumage color in chickens is caused by an 8.3-kb deletion upstream of SOX10.
1 Additional References
tyrosinase (TYR)
Coloration
2 Mutations:
Coding,
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
2 References
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Coloration
Coding,
SNP
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Li J; Bed'hom B; Marthey S ; et al. (2019)
A missense mutation in TYRP1 causes the chocolate plumage color in chicken and alters melanosome str[...]
CYP2J19
Coloration
Unknown,
Unknown
Serinus canaria
common canary - (species)
Interspecific
Linkage Mapping
Lopes RJ; Johnson JD; Toomey MB ; et al. (2016)
Genetic Basis for Red Coloration in Birds.
Endothelin receptor B2
Coloration
2 Mutations:
Anas platyrhynchos
mallard - (species) D
Domesticated
Mixed
2 References
MC1R
Coloration
Coding,
SNP
Anas platyrhynchos
mallard - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Yu W; Wang C; Xin Q ; et al. (2013)
Non-synonymous SNPs in MC1R gene are associated with the extended black variant in domestic ducks (A[...]
Microphtalmia-associated transcription factor
Coloration
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Anas platyrhynchos
mallard - (species) D
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Zhou Z; Li M; Cheng H ; et al. (2018)
An intercross population study reveals genes associated with body size and plumage color in ducks.
MC1R
Coloration
Coding,
Deletion
Numida meleagris
helmeted guineafowl - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Vidal O; Araguas RM; Fernández E ; et al. (2010)
Melanism in guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) is associated with a deletion of Phenylalanine-256 in the[...]
MC1R
Coloration
Coding,
SNP
Anser caerulescens
snow goose - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Mundy NI; Badcock NS; Hart T ; et al. (2004)
Conserved genetic basis of a quantitative plumage trait involved in mate choice.
MC1R
Coloration
Coding,
SNP
Coereba flaveola
Bananaquit - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Theron E; Hawkins K; Bermingham E ; et al. (2001)
The molecular basis of an avian plumage polymorphism in the wild: a melanocortin-1-receptor point mu[...]
MC1R
Coloration
Coding,
SNP
Columba livia
rock pigeon - (species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Guernsey MW; Ritscher L; Miller MA ; et al. (2013)
A Val85Met mutation in melanocortin-1 receptor is associated with reductions in eumelanic pigmentati[...]
Mlana
Coloration
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Columba livia
rock pigeon - (species) D
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Bruders R; Van Hollebeke H; Osborne EJ ; et al. (2020)
A copy number variant is associated with a spectrum of pigmentation patterns in the rock pigeon (Col[...]
SLC45A2=MATP
Coloration
Coding,
SNP
Columba livia
rock pigeon - (species) D
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Domyan ET; Guernsey MW; Kronenberg Z ; et al. (2014)
Epistatic and combinatorial effects of pigmentary gene mutations in the domestic pigeon.
SOX10
Coloration
2 Mutations:
Cis-regulatory,
Deletion
Columba livia
rock pigeon - (species) D
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Domyan ET; Guernsey MW; Kronenberg Z ; et al. (2014)
Epistatic and combinatorial effects of pigmentary gene mutations in the domestic pigeon.
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Coloration
3 Mutations:
Coding,
Columba livia
rock pigeon - (species) D
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Domyan ET; Guernsey MW; Kronenberg Z ; et al. (2014)
Epistatic and combinatorial effects of pigmentary gene mutations in the domestic pigeon.
MC1R
Coloration
Coding,
Deletion
Falco eleonorae
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Gangoso L; Grande JM; Ducrest AL ; et al. (2011)
MC1R-dependent, melanin-based colour polymorphism is associated with cell-mediated response in the E[...]
MC1R
Coloration
Coding,
SNP
Falco rusticolus
gyrfalcon - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Johnson JA; Ambers AD; Burnham KK (2012 May-Jun)
Genetics of plumage color in the Gyrfalcon (Falco rusticolus): analysis of the melanocortin-1 recept[...]
MC1R
Coloration
Coding,
SNP
Malurus leucopterus
white-winged fairy-wren - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Doucet SM; Shawkey MD; Rathburn MK ; et al. (2004)
Concordant evolution of plumage colour, feather microstructure and a melanocortin receptor gene betw[...]
MC1R
Coloration
2 Mutations:
Coding,
SNP
Stercorarius parasiticus
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
2 References
MC1R
Coloration
Coding,
SNP
Sula leucogaster
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Baião PC; Parker PG (2012 May-Jun)
Evolution of the melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) in Boobies and Gannets (Aves, Suliformes).
MC1R
Coloration
Coding,
SNP
Sula sula
red-footed booby - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Baião PC; Schreiber E; Parker PG (2007 Jul-Aug)
The genetic basis of the plumage polymorphism in red-footed boobies (Sula sula): a melanocortin-1 re[...]
MC1R
Coloration
3 Mutations:
Coding,
SNP
Ramphastos dicolorus
(species) D
Ramphastos vitellinus
(species) D
Ramphastos tucanus
(species) D
Ramphastos toco
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Corso J; Mundy NI; Fagundes NJ ; et al. (2016)
Evolution of dark colour in toucans (Ramphastidae): a case of molecular adaptation?
MC1R
Coloration
Coding,
SNP
Calidris pugnax
ruff - (species) D
Intraspecific
Association Mapping
Lamichhaney S; Fan G; Widemo F ; et al. (2016)
Structural genomic changes underlie alternative reproductive strategies in the ruff (Philomachus pug[...]
1 Additional References
MC1R
Coloration
3 Mutations:
Coding,
SNP,
Meleagris gallopavo mexicana
(subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Vidal O; Viñas J; Pla C (2010)
Variability of the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene explains the segregation of the bronze locus [...]
MuPKS
Coloration
Coding,
SNP
Melopsittacus undulatus
budgerigar - (species) D
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Cooke TF; Fischer CR; Wu P ; et al. (2017)
Genetic Mapping and Biochemical Basis of Yellow Feather Pigmentation in Budgerigars.
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Coloration
Coding,
Insertion
N
Falco cherrug
Saker falcon - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Cortimiglia C; Castiglioni B; Pizzi F ; et al. (2017)
Involvement of tyrosinase-related protein 1 gene in the light brown plumage phenotype of Falco cherr[...]
EphB2
Feathers
Coding,
SNP
Columba livia
rock pigeon - (species) D
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Shapiro MD; Kronenberg Z; Li C ; et al. (2013)
Genomic diversity and evolution of the head crest in the rock pigeon.
1 Additional References
EphB2
Feathers
Coding,
SNP
Streptopelia risoria
ringneck dove - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Vickrey AI; Domyan ET; Horvath MP ; et al. (2015)
Convergent Evolution of Head Crests in Two Domesticated Columbids Is Associated with Different Misse[...]
GDF7
Feathers
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Mou C; Pitel F; Gourichon D ; et al. (2011)
Cryptic patterning of avian skin confers a developmental facility for loss of neck feathering.
HOXC8 - uncertain
Feathers
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Wang Y; Gao Y; Imsland F ; et al. (2012)
The crest phenotype in chicken is associated with ectopic expression of HOXC8 in cranial skin.
KRT6A
Feathers
Coding,
Deletion
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Ng CS; Wu P; Foley J ; et al. (2012)
The chicken frizzle feather is due to an α-keratin (KRT75) mutation that causes a defective rachis.
KRT75L4
Feathers
Coding,
Deletion
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Guo X; Li YQ; Wang MS ; et al. (2018)
A parallel mechanism underlying frizzle in domestic chickens.
FGF20
Organ loss
Coding,
SNP
N
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Wells KL; Hadad Y; Ben-Avraham D ; et al. (2012)
Genome-wide SNP scan of pooled DNA reveals nonsense mutation in FGF20 in the scaleless line of feath[...]
FST/MOCS2
coloration
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Erythrura gouldiae
Gouldian finch - (species)
Intraspecific
Association Mapping
Toomey MB; Marques CI; Andrade P ; et al. (2018)
A non-coding region near Follistatin controls head colour polymorphism in the Gouldian finch.
1 Additional References