GEPHE SUMMARY Print
Gephebase Gene
Entry Status
Published
GepheID
GP00001199
Main curator
Martin
PHENOTYPIC CHANGE
Trait Category
Trait State in Taxon A
Setaria italica ssp. Viridis (wild)
Trait State in Taxon B
Setaria italica waxy landraces
Ancestral State
Taxon A
Taxonomic Status
Taxon A
Common Name
foxtail millet
Synonyms
Chaetochloa italica; Panicum italicum; Setaria viridis subsp. italica; foxtail millet; Chaetochloa italica (L.) Scribn.; Panicum italicum L.; Setaria italica (L.) P.Beauv.; Setaria viridis subsp. italica (L.) Briq.
Rank
species
Lineage
Show more ... Tracheophyta; Euphyllophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Mesangiospermae; Liliopsida; Petrosaviidae; commelinids; Poales; Poaceae; PACMAD clade; Panicoideae; Panicodae; Paniceae; Cenchrinae; Setaria
NCBI Taxonomy ID
is Taxon A an Infraspecies?
Yes
Taxon A Description
Setaria italica ssp. Viridis (wild)
Taxon B
Common Name
foxtail millet
Synonyms
Chaetochloa italica; Panicum italicum; Setaria viridis subsp. italica; foxtail millet; Chaetochloa italica (L.) Scribn.; Panicum italicum L.; Setaria italica (L.) P.Beauv.; Setaria viridis subsp. italica (L.) Briq.
Rank
species
Lineage
Show more ... Tracheophyta; Euphyllophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Mesangiospermae; Liliopsida; Petrosaviidae; commelinids; Poales; Poaceae; PACMAD clade; Panicoideae; Panicodae; Paniceae; Cenchrinae; Setaria
NCBI Taxonomy ID
is Taxon B an Infraspecies?
Yes
Taxon B Description
Setaria italica waxy landraces
GENOTYPIC CHANGE
Generic Gene Name
waxy
Synonyms
GBSSI
String
-
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 1 family. Bacterial/plant glycogen synthase subfamily.
UniProtKB
Setaria italica
GenebankID or UniProtKB
Presumptive Null
No
Molecular Type
Aberration Type
Insertion Size
1-10 kb
Molecular Details of the Mutation
Transposon insertion TSI-2 (intron 1)
Experimental Evidence
Authors
Kawase M; Fukunaga K; Kato K
Abstract
The naturally occurring waxy and low-amylose variants of foxtail millet and other cereals, like rice and barley, originated in East and Southeast Asia under human selection for sticky foods. Mutations in the GBSS1 gene for granule-bound starch synthase 1 are known to be associated with these traits. We have analyzed the gene in foxtail millet, and found that, in this species, these traits were originated by multiple independent insertions of transposable elements and by subsequent secondary insertions into these elements or deletion of parts of the elements. The structural analysis of transposable elements inserted in the GBSS1 gene revealed that the non-waxy was converted to the low-amylose phenotype once, while shifts from non-waxy to waxy occurred three times, from low amylose to waxy once and from waxy to low amylose once. The present results, and the geographical distribution of different waxy molecular types, strongly suggest that these types originated independently and were dispersed into their current distribution areas. The patterns of GBSS1 variation revealed here suggest that foxtail millet may serve as a key to solving the mystery of the origin of waxy-type cereals in Asia. The GBSS1 gene in foxtail millet provides a new example of the evolution of a gene involved in the processes of domestication and its post-domestication fate under the influence of human selection.
Additional References
RELATED GEPHE
Related Genes
No matches found.
Related Haplotypes
5
EXTERNAL LINKS
COMMENTS
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