GEPHE SUMMARY Print
Gephebase Gene
Entry Status
Published
GepheID
GP00001679
Main curator
Prigent
PHENOTYPIC CHANGE
Trait Category
Trait State in Taxon A
Photoreception adapted to clearwater lakes
Trait State in Taxon B
Photoreception adapted to blackwater lakes
Ancestral State
Unknown
Taxonomic Status
Taxon A
Common Name
three-spined stickleback
Synonyms
three-spined stickleback; three spined stickleback; Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus, 1758
Rank
species
Lineage
Show more ... a; Euteleosteomorpha; Neoteleostei; Eurypterygia; Ctenosquamata; Acanthomorphata; Euacanthomorphacea; Percomorphaceae; Eupercaria; Perciformes; Cottioidei; Gasterosteales; Gasterosteidae; Gasterosteus
NCBI Taxonomy ID
is Taxon A an Infraspecies?
Yes
Taxon A Description
threespine stickleback from clearwater or from blackwater lake transplanted in clearwater pond (resampled after 19 years)
Taxon B
Common Name
three-spined stickleback
Synonyms
three-spined stickleback; three spined stickleback; Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus, 1758
Rank
species
Lineage
Show more ... a; Euteleosteomorpha; Neoteleostei; Eurypterygia; Ctenosquamata; Acanthomorphata; Euacanthomorphacea; Percomorphaceae; Eupercaria; Perciformes; Cottioidei; Gasterosteales; Gasterosteidae; Gasterosteus
NCBI Taxonomy ID
is Taxon B an Infraspecies?
Yes
Taxon B Description
threespine sticklebacks from blackwater lakes
GENOTYPIC CHANGE
Mutation #1
Presumptive Null
No
Molecular Type
Aberration Type
SNP
SNP Coding Change
Nonsynonymous
Molecular Details of the Mutation
7 aa changes including 2 changes (C97S & G109A) known to cause a red-shift in light absorption favored in blackwater lakes but disfavored in the clearwater habitat
Experimental Evidence
Taxon A Taxon B Position
Codon - - -
Amino-acid Cys Ser 97
Authors
Marques DA; Taylor JS; Jones FC; Di Palma F; Kingsley DM; Reimchen TE
Abstract
Repeated adaptation to a new environment often leads to convergent phenotypic changes whose underlying genetic mechanisms are rarely known. Here, we study adaptation of color vision in threespine stickleback during the repeated postglacial colonization of clearwater and blackwater lakes in the Haida Gwaii archipelago. We use whole genomes from 16 clearwater and 12 blackwater populations, and a selection experiment, in which stickleback were transplanted from a blackwater lake into an uninhabited clearwater pond and resampled after 19 y to test for selection on cone opsin genes. Patterns of haplotype homozygosity, genetic diversity, site frequency spectra, and allele-frequency change support a selective sweep centered on the adjacent blue- and red-light sensitive opsins SWS2 and LWS. The haplotype under selection carries seven amino acid changes in SWS2, including two changes known to cause a red-shift in light absorption, and is favored in blackwater lakes but disfavored in the clearwater habitat of the transplant population. Remarkably, the same red-shifting amino acid changes occurred after the duplication of SWS2 198 million years ago, in the ancestor of most spiny-rayed fish. Two distantly related fish species, bluefin killifish and black bream, express these old paralogs divergently in black- and clearwater habitats, while sticklebacks lost one paralog. Our study thus shows that convergent adaptation to the same environment can involve the same genetic changes on very different evolutionary time scales by reevolving lost mutations and reusing them repeatedly from standing genetic variation.
Additional References
Mutation #2
Presumptive Null
No
Molecular Type
Aberration Type
SNP
SNP Coding Change
Nonsynonymous
Molecular Details of the Mutation
7 aa changes including 2 changes (C97S & G109A) known to cause a red-shift in light absorption favored in blackwater lakes but disfavored in the clearwater habitat
Experimental Evidence
Taxon A Taxon B Position
Codon - - -
Amino-acid Gly Ala 109
Authors
Marques DA; Taylor JS; Jones FC; Di Palma F; Kingsley DM; Reimchen TE
Abstract
Repeated adaptation to a new environment often leads to convergent phenotypic changes whose underlying genetic mechanisms are rarely known. Here, we study adaptation of color vision in threespine stickleback during the repeated postglacial colonization of clearwater and blackwater lakes in the Haida Gwaii archipelago. We use whole genomes from 16 clearwater and 12 blackwater populations, and a selection experiment, in which stickleback were transplanted from a blackwater lake into an uninhabited clearwater pond and resampled after 19 y to test for selection on cone opsin genes. Patterns of haplotype homozygosity, genetic diversity, site frequency spectra, and allele-frequency change support a selective sweep centered on the adjacent blue- and red-light sensitive opsins SWS2 and LWS. The haplotype under selection carries seven amino acid changes in SWS2, including two changes known to cause a red-shift in light absorption, and is favored in blackwater lakes but disfavored in the clearwater habitat of the transplant population. Remarkably, the same red-shifting amino acid changes occurred after the duplication of SWS2 198 million years ago, in the ancestor of most spiny-rayed fish. Two distantly related fish species, bluefin killifish and black bream, express these old paralogs divergently in black- and clearwater habitats, while sticklebacks lost one paralog. Our study thus shows that convergent adaptation to the same environment can involve the same genetic changes on very different evolutionary time scales by reevolving lost mutations and reusing them repeatedly from standing genetic variation.
Additional References
RELATED GEPHE
Related Genes
No matches found.
Related Haplotypes
No matches found.
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COMMENTS
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