GEPHE SUMMARY Print
Entry Status
Published
GepheID
GP00001761
Main curator
Courtier
PHENOTYPIC CHANGE
Trait Category
Trait State in Taxon A
scent
Trait State in Taxon B
no scent
Ancestral State
Taxon A
Taxonomic Status
Taxon A
Common Name
-
Synonyms
Mimulus lewisii; Erythranthe lewisii (Pursh) G.L.Nesom & N.S.Fraga; Mimulus lewisii Pursh
Rank
species
Lineage
Show more ... Streptophytina; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Euphyllophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Mesangiospermae; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; asterids; lamiids; Lamiales; Phrymaceae; Erythranthe
NCBI Taxonomy ID
is Taxon A an Infraspecies?
No
Taxon B
Common Name
-
Synonyms
Mimulus cardinalis; Erythranthe cardinalis (Douglas ex Benth.) Spach; Mimulus cardinalis Douglas ex Benth.
Rank
species
Lineage
Show more ... Streptophytina; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Euphyllophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Mesangiospermae; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; asterids; lamiids; Lamiales; Phrymaceae; Erythranthe
NCBI Taxonomy ID
is Taxon B an Infraspecies?
No
GENOTYPIC CHANGE
Generic Gene Name
LMS
Synonyms
-
String
-
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the terpene synthase family.
GO - Biological Process
-
GO - Cellular Component
-
UniProtKB
Erythranthe lewisii
GenebankID or UniProtKB
Erythranthe lewisii
Presumptive Null
Yes
Molecular Type
Aberration Type
SNP
SNP Coding Change
Nonsense
Molecular Details of the Mutation
G66T transversion mutation in exon 3 of McLMS (KM659024) that results in a nonsense mutation in the McLMS protein (G201X)
Experimental Evidence
Taxon A Taxon B Position
Codon GGA TGA 66
Amino-acid Gly STP 201
Authors
Byers KJ; Vela JP; Peng F; Riffell JA; Bradshaw HD
Abstract
Pollinator-mediated reproductive isolation is a major factor in driving the diversification of flowering plants. Studies of floral traits involved in reproductive isolation have focused nearly exclusively on visual signals, such as flower color. The role of less obvious signals, such as floral scent, has been studied only recently. In particular, the genetics of floral volatiles involved in mediating differential pollinator visitation remains unknown. The bumblebee-pollinated Mimulus lewisii and hummingbird-pollinated Mimulus cardinalis are a model system for studying reproductive isolation via pollinator preference. We have shown that these two species differ in three floral terpenoid volatiles - d-limonene, β-myrcene, and E-β-ocimene - that are attractive to bumblebee pollinators. By genetic mapping and in vitro analysis of enzyme activity we demonstrate that these interspecific differences are consistent with allelic variation at two loci, LIMONENE-MYRCENE SYNTHASE (LMS) and OCIMENE SYNTHASE (OS). Mimulus lewisii LMS (MlLMS) and OS (MlOS) are expressed most strongly in floral tissue in the last stages of floral development. Mimulus cardinalis LMS (McLMS) is weakly expressed and has a nonsense mutation in exon 3. Mimulus cardinalis OS (McOS) is expressed similarly to MlOS, but the encoded McOS enzyme produces no E-β-ocimene. Recapitulating the M. cardinalis phenotype by reducing the expression of MlLMS by RNA interference in transgenic M. lewisii produces no behavioral difference in pollinating bumblebees; however, reducing MlOS expression produces a 6% decrease in visitation. Allelic variation at the OCIMENE SYNTHASE locus is likely to contribute to differential pollinator visitation, and thus promote reproductive isolation between M. lewisii and M. cardinalis. OCIMENE SYNTHASE joins a growing list of 'speciation genes' ('barrier genes') in flowering plants.

© 2014 The Authors The Plant Journal © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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