GEPHE SUMMARY Print
GepheID
GP00001765
Main curator
Courtier
PHENOTYPIC CHANGE
Trait Category
Trait
Trait State in Taxon A
Petunia inflata (less odorant; bee polinated)
Trait State in Taxon B
Petunia axillaris (very odorant; increase of phenylpropanoids and benzenoids; hawkmoth polinated)
Ancestral State
Taxon A
Taxonomic Status
Taxon A
Common Name
-
Synonyms
Petunia inflata; Petunia inflata R.E.Fr., 1911; Petunia integrifolia subsp. inflata (R.E.Fr.) Wijsman, 1982
Rank
subspecies
Lineage
Show more ... cheophyta; Euphyllophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Mesangiospermae; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; asterids; lamiids; Solanales; Solanaceae; Petunioideae; Petunia; Petunia integrifolia
NCBI Taxonomy ID
is Taxon A an Infraspecies?
No
Taxon B
Common Name
-
Synonyms
large white petunia; white moon petunia; Petunia axillaris (Lam.) Britton, Stern & Poggenb.; Petunia axilliaris
Rank
species
Lineage
Show more ... tina; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Euphyllophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; Mesangiospermae; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; asterids; lamiids; Solanales; Solanaceae; Petunioideae; Petunia
NCBI Taxonomy ID
is Taxon B an Infraspecies?
No
GENOTYPIC CHANGE
Generic Gene Name
BPBT
Synonyms
-
String
-
Sequence Similarities
-
GO - Biological Process
-
GO - Cellular Component
-
UniProtKB
Populus davidiana
GenebankID or UniProtKB
Presumptive Null
No
Molecular Type
Aberration Type
Molecular Details of the Mutation
Allele-specific expression in hybrids - de novo expression in P. axillaris
Experimental Evidence
Authors
Amrad A; Moser M; Mandel T; de Vries M; Schuurink RC; Freitas L; Kuhlemeier C
Abstract
The interactions of plants with their pollinators are thought to be a driving force in the evolution of angiosperms. Adaptation to a new pollinator involves coordinated changes in multiple floral traits controlled by multiple genes. Surprisingly, such complex genetic shifts have happened numerous times during evolution. Here we report on the genetic basis of the changes in one such trait, floral scent emission, in the genus Petunia (Solanaceae). The increase in the quantity and complexity of the volatiles during the shift from bee to hawkmoth pollination was due to de novo expression of the genes encoding benzoic acid/salicylic acid carboxyl methyltransferase (BSMT) and benzoyl-CoA:benzylalcohol/2-phenylethanol benzoyltransferase (BPBT) together with moderately increased transcript levels for most enzymes of the phenylpropanoid/benzenoid pathway. Loss of cinnamate-CoA ligase (CNL) function as well as a reduction in the expression of the MYB transcription factor ODO1 explain the loss of scent during the transition from moth to hummingbird pollination. The CNL gene in the hummingbird-adapted species is inactive due to a stop codon, but also appears to have undergone further degradation over time. Therefore, we propose that loss of scent happened relatively early in the transition toward hummingbird pollination, and probably preceded the loss of UV-absorbing flavonols. The discovery that CNL is also involved in the loss of scent during the transition from outcrossing to selfing in Capsella (Brassicaceae) (see the accompanying paper) raises interesting questions about the possible causes of deep evolutionary conservation of the targets of evolutionary change.

Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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