GEPHE SUMMARY
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Gephebase Gene
Entry Status
Published
GepheID
GP00001903
Main curator
Courtier
PHENOTYPIC CHANGE
Trait Category
Trait State in Taxon A
Lolium rigidum - sensitive
Trait State in Taxon B
Lolium rigidum - resistant
Ancestral State
Taxon A
Taxonomic Status
Taxon A
Latin Name
Common Name
-
Synonyms
Lolium rigidum Gaudin; Lolium rigidium
Rank
species
Lineage
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ta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; Mesangiospermae; Liliopsida; Petrosaviidae; commelinids; Poales; Poaceae; BOP clade; Pooideae; Poodae; Poeae; Poeae Chloroplast Group 2 (Poeae type); Loliinae; Lolium
Parent
NCBI Taxonomy ID
is Taxon A an Infraspecies?
No
Taxon B
Latin Name
Common Name
-
Synonyms
Lolium rigidum Gaudin; Lolium rigidium
Rank
species
Lineage
Show more ...
ta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; Mesangiospermae; Liliopsida; Petrosaviidae; commelinids; Poales; Poaceae; BOP clade; Pooideae; Poodae; Poeae; Poeae Chloroplast Group 2 (Poeae type); Loliinae; Lolium
Parent
NCBI Taxonomy ID
is Taxon B an Infraspecies?
No
GENOTYPIC CHANGE
Generic Gene Name
At2g45300
Synonyms
F4L23.19; At2g45300
String
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the EPSP synthase family.
GO - Molecular Function
GO - Biological Process
GO - Cellular Component
GO:0009507 : chloroplast
... show more
UniProtKB
Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thaliana
Presumptive Null
Molecular Type
Aberration Type
SNP Coding Change
Nonsynonymous
Molecular Details of the Mutation
Pro106Ala
Experimental Evidence
Taxon A | Taxon B | Position | |
---|---|---|---|
Codon | - | - | - |
Amino-acid | - | - | - |
Main Reference
Authors
Yu Q; Cairns A; Powles S
Abstract
Glyphosate is the world's most widely used herbicide. A potential substitute for glyphosate in some use patterns is the herbicide paraquat. Following many years of successful use, neither glyphosate nor paraquat could control a biotype of the widespread annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum), and here the world's first case of multiple resistance to glyphosate and paraquat is confirmed. Dose-response experiments established that the glyphosate rate causing 50% mortality (LD(50)) for the resistant (R) biotype is 14 times greater than for the susceptible (S) biotype. Similarly, the paraquat LD(50 )for the R biotype is 32 times greater than for the S biotype. Thus, based on the LD(50 )R/S ratio, this R biotype of L. rigidum is 14-fold resistant to glyphosate and 32-fold resistant to paraquat. This R biotype also has evolved resistance to the acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) inhibiting herbicides. The mechanism of paraquat resistance in this biotype was determined as restricted paraquat translocation. Resistance to ACCase-inhibiting herbicides was determined as due to an insensitive ACCase. Two mechanisms endowing glyphosate resistance were established: firstly, a point mutation in the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) gene, resulting in an amino acid substitution of proline to alanine at position 106; secondly, reduced glyphosate translocation was found in this R biotype, indicating a co-occurrence of two distinct glyphosate resistance mechanisms within the R population. In total, this R biotype displays at least four co-existing resistance mechanisms, endowing multiple resistance to glyphosate, paraquat and ACCase herbicides. This alarming case in the history of herbicide resistance evolution represents a serious challenge for the sustainable use of the precious agrochemical resources such as glyphosate and paraquat.
Additional References
RELATED GEPHE
Related Genes
No matches found.
Related Haplotypes
EXTERNAL LINKS
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