GEPHE SUMMARY
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Gephebase Gene
Entry Status
Published
GepheID
GP00002007
Main curator
Courtier
PHENOTYPIC CHANGE
Trait Category
Trait State in Taxon A
Drosophila melanogaster - Leu allele - ethanol-susceptible
Trait State in Taxon B
Drosophila melanogaster - The Aldh Phe allele causes faster turnover of acetaldehyde than the ancestral AldhLeu allele, increases in frequency in laboratory populations selected for ethanol resistance and occurs at higher frequency in ethanol-resistant temperate populations than in ethanol-susceptible tropical populations.
Ancestral State
Taxon A
Taxonomic Status
Taxon A
Latin Name
Common Name
fruit fly
Synonyms
Sophophora melanogaster; fruit fly; Drosophila melanogaster Meigen, 1830; Sophophora melanogaster (Meigen, 1830); Drosophila melangaster
Rank
species
Lineage
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Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Eremoneura; Cyclorrhapha; Schizophora; Acalyptratae; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophilinae; Drosophilini; Drosophila; Sophophora; melanogaster group; melanogaster subgroup
NCBI Taxonomy ID
is Taxon A an Infraspecies?
No
Taxon B
Latin Name
Common Name
fruit fly
Synonyms
Sophophora melanogaster; fruit fly; Drosophila melanogaster Meigen, 1830; Sophophora melanogaster (Meigen, 1830); Drosophila melangaster
Rank
species
Lineage
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Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Eremoneura; Cyclorrhapha; Schizophora; Acalyptratae; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophilinae; Drosophilini; Drosophila; Sophophora; melanogaster group; melanogaster subgroup
NCBI Taxonomy ID
is Taxon B an Infraspecies?
No
GENOTYPIC CHANGE
Generic Gene Name
Aldh
Synonyms
146084_at; ACDH; ALDH; ALDHA1; CG 3752; CG3752; DmALDH; Dmel\CG3752; Dmel_CG3752
String
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family.
GO - Molecular Function
GO - Biological Process
GO:0006117 : acetaldehyde metabolic process
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GO - Cellular Component
GO:0005737 : cytoplasm
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UniProtKB
Drosophila melanogaster
Drosophila melanogaster
Presumptive Null
Molecular Type
Aberration Type
SNP Coding Change
Nonsynonymous
Molecular Details of the Mutation
L479F C9391311T
Experimental Evidence
Taxon A | Taxon B | Position | |
---|---|---|---|
Codon | CTC | TTC | 9391311 |
Amino-acid | Leu | Phe | 479 |
Authors
Fry JD; Donlon K; Saweikis M
Abstract
Clinally varying traits in Drosophila melanogaster provide good opportunities for elucidating the genetic basis of adaptation. Resistance to ethanol, a natural component of D. melanogaster's breeding sites, increases with latitude on multiple continents, indicating that the trait is under selection. Although the well-studied Alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh) polymorphism makes a contribution to the clines, it accounts for only a small proportion of the phenotypic variation. We describe an amino acid replacement polymorphism in Aldehyde dehydrogenase (Aldh), the gene encoding the second enzyme in the ethanol degradation pathway, that shows hallmarks of also contributing to the clines. The derived Aldh allele, like the Adh-Fast allele, increases in frequency in laboratory populations selected for ethanol resistance, and increases in frequency with latitude in wild populations. Moreover, strains with the derived allele have significantly higher ALDH enzyme activity with acetaldehyde (the breakdown product of ethanol) as a substrate than strains with the ancestral allele. As is the case with the Adh-Fast allele, chromosomes with the derived Aldh allele show markedly reduced molecular variation in the vicinity of the replacement polymorphism compared to those with the ancestral allele, suggesting a single, relatively recent origin. Nonetheless, the Aldh polymorphism differs from the Adh polymorphism in that the ethanol-associated allele remains in relatively low frequency in most populations. We present evidence that this is likely to be the result of a trade-off in catalytic activity, with the advantage of the derived allele in acetaldehyde detoxification being offset by a disadvantage in detoxification of other aldehydes.
Additional References
RELATED GEPHE
Related Haplotypes
No matches found.
EXTERNAL LINKS
COMMENTS
Probably a trade-off in catalytic activity; with the advantage of the derived allele in acetaldehyde detoxification being offset by a disadvantage in detoxification of other aldehydes. http://flybase.org/reports/FBal0176415 http://flybase.org/reports/FBal0176416
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