GEPHE SUMMARY Print
Entry Status
Published
GepheID
GP00002199
Main curator
Martin
PHENOTYPIC CHANGE
Trait Category
Trait State in Taxon A
Equus caballus
Trait State in Taxon B
Camarillo White Horse
Ancestral State
Taxon A
Taxonomic Status
Taxon A
Latin Name
Common Name
horse
Synonyms
Equus przewalskii f. caballus; Equus przewalskii forma caballus; horse; domestic horse; equine; Equus caballus Linnaeus, 1758
Rank
species
Lineage
Show more ... rata; Gnathostomata; Teleostomi; Euteleostomi; Sarcopterygii; Dipnotetrapodomorpha; Tetrapoda; Amniota; Mammalia; Theria; Eutheria; Boreoeutheria; Laurasiatheria; Perissodactyla; Equidae; Equus; Equus
NCBI Taxonomy ID
is Taxon A an Infraspecies?
No
Taxon B
Latin Name
Common Name
horse
Synonyms
Equus przewalskii f. caballus; Equus przewalskii forma caballus; horse; domestic horse; equine; Equus caballus Linnaeus, 1758
Rank
species
Lineage
Show more ... rata; Gnathostomata; Teleostomi; Euteleostomi; Sarcopterygii; Dipnotetrapodomorpha; Tetrapoda; Amniota; Mammalia; Theria; Eutheria; Boreoeutheria; Laurasiatheria; Perissodactyla; Equidae; Equus; Equus
NCBI Taxonomy ID
is Taxon B an Infraspecies?
Yes
Taxon B Description
Camarillo White Horse
GENOTYPIC CHANGE
Generic Gene Name
Kit
Synonyms
W; Bs; Fdc; Ssm; SCO1; SCO5; SOW3; CD117; c-KIT; Tr-kit; Gsfsco1; Gsfsco5; Gsfsow3; Sl
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. CSF-1/PDGF receptor subfamily.
GO - Biological Process
GO:0043066 : negative regulation of apoptotic process ... show more
UniProtKB
Mus musculus
GenebankID or UniProtKB
Presumptive Null
No
Molecular Type
Aberration Type
SNP
SNP Coding Change
Nonsynonymous
Molecular Details of the Mutation
c.1805C>T p.A602V
Experimental Evidence
Taxon A Taxon B Position
Codon - - -
Amino-acid Ala Val 602
Authors
Haase B; Brooks SA; Schlumbaum A; Azor PJ; Bailey E; Alaeddine F; Mevissen M; Burger D; et al. ... show more
Abstract
White coat color has been a highly valued trait in horses for at least 2,000 years. Dominant white (W) is one of several known depigmentation phenotypes in horses. It shows considerable phenotypic variation, ranging from approximately 50% depigmented areas up to a completely white coat. In the horse, the four depigmentation phenotypes roan, sabino, tobiano, and dominant white were independently mapped to a chromosomal region on ECA 3 harboring the KIT gene. KIT plays an important role in melanoblast survival during embryonic development. We determined the sequence and genomic organization of the approximately 82 kb equine KIT gene. A mutation analysis of all 21 KIT exons in white Franches-Montagnes Horses revealed a nonsense mutation in exon 15 (c.2151C>G, p.Y717X). We analyzed the KIT exons in horses characterized as dominant white from other populations and found three additional candidate causative mutations. Three almost completely white Arabians carried a different nonsense mutation in exon 4 (c.706A>T, p.K236X). Six Camarillo White Horses had a missense mutation in exon 12 (c.1805C>T, p.A602V), and five white Thoroughbreds had yet another missense mutation in exon 13 (c.1960G>A, p.G654R). Our results indicate that the dominant white color in Franches-Montagnes Horses is caused by a nonsense mutation in the KIT gene and that multiple independent mutations within this gene appear to be responsible for dominant white in several other modern horse populations.
Additional References
EXTERNAL LINKS
COMMENTS
@AllelicSeries https://omia.org/OMIA000209/9796/
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