GEPHE SUMMARY Print
Gephebase Gene
Entry Status
Published
GepheID
GP00002428
Main curator
Courtier
PHENOTYPIC CHANGE
Trait Category
Trait State in Taxon A
Papilio dardanus - recessive hippocoonides morph
Trait State in Taxon B
Papilio dardanus - cenea morph
Ancestral State
Taxon A
Taxonomic Status
Taxon A
Common Name
African swallowtail butterfly
Synonyms
African swallowtail butterfly; flying handkerchief; mocker swallowtail butterfly; Papilio dardanus Brown, 1776
Rank
species
Lineage
Show more ... ndylia; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Amphiesmenoptera; Lepidoptera; Glossata; Neolepidoptera; Heteroneura; Ditrysia; Obtectomera; Papilionoidea; Papilionidae; Papilioninae; Papilionini; Papilio
NCBI Taxonomy ID
is Taxon A an Infraspecies?
Yes
Taxon A Description
Papilio dardanus - hippocoonides morph
Taxon B
Common Name
African swallowtail butterfly
Synonyms
African swallowtail butterfly; flying handkerchief; mocker swallowtail butterfly; Papilio dardanus Brown, 1776
Rank
species
Lineage
Show more ... ndylia; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Amphiesmenoptera; Lepidoptera; Glossata; Neolepidoptera; Heteroneura; Ditrysia; Obtectomera; Papilionoidea; Papilionidae; Papilioninae; Papilionini; Papilio
NCBI Taxonomy ID
is Taxon B an Infraspecies?
Yes
Taxon B Description
Papilio dardanus - cenea morph
GENOTYPIC CHANGE
Generic Gene Name
en
Synonyms
V; 153867_at; Apa; CG9015; Dmel\CG9015; En; EN; en1; Eng; Engr; Engrailed; Engrailed/Invected; EnR; Es; spa2; spt
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the engrailed homeobox family.
GO - Cellular Component
UniProtKB
Drosophila melanogaster
GenebankID or UniProtKB
Presumptive Null
No
Molecular Type
Aberration Type
Molecular Details of the Mutation
Association with many nucleotide changes in a cis-regulatory region of engrailed. The diverged region exhibits a discrete chromosomal inversion of 40 kb relative to the ancestral orientation that is associated with the cenea morph, but not with the bottom-recessive hippocoonides morph or with non-mimetic allopatric populations.
Experimental Evidence
Authors
Timmermans MJTN; Srivathsan A; Collins S; Meier R; Vogler AP
Abstract
Polymorphic Batesian mimics exhibit multiple protective morphs that each mimic a different noxious model. Here, we study the genomic transitions leading to the evolution of different mimetic wing patterns in the polymorphic Mocker Swallowtail Papilio dardanus. We generated a draft genome (231 Mb over 30 chromosomes) and re-sequenced individuals of three morphs. Genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis revealed elevated linkage disequilibrium and divergence between morphs in the regulatory region of engrailed, a developmental gene previously implicated in the mimicry switch. The diverged region exhibits a discrete chromosomal inversion (of 40 kb) relative to the ancestral orientation that is associated with the cenea morph, but not with the bottom-recessive hippocoonides morph or with non-mimetic allopatric populations. The functional role of this inversion in the expression of the novel phenotype is currently unknown, but by preventing recombination, it allows the stable inheritance of divergent alleles enabling geographic spread and local coexistence of multiple adaptive morphs.
Additional References
RELATED GEPHE
Related Genes
No matches found.
Related Haplotypes
No matches found.
EXTERNAL LINKS
COMMENTS
@Inversion @SexualTrait - Only the females are mimetic. Both sexual dimorphism and female polymorphisms presumably are driven by negative frequency-dependent selection from predators.
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