GEPHE SUMMARY Print
Entry Status
Published
GepheID
GP00002556
Main curator
Courtier
PHENOTYPIC CHANGE
Trait Category
Trait State in Taxon A
Trialeurodes vaporariorum - sensitive
Trait State in Taxon B
Trialeurodes vaporariorum - resistant
Ancestral State
Taxon A
Taxonomic Status
Taxon A
Common Name
greenhouse whitefly
Synonyms
greenhouse whitefly; Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood, 1856); Trialeurodes vaporarium
Rank
species
Lineage
Show more ... Panarthropoda; Arthropoda; Mandibulata; Pancrustacea; Hexapoda; Insecta; Dicondylia; Pterygota; Neoptera; Paraneoptera; Hemiptera; Sternorrhyncha; Aleyrodoidea; Aleyrodidae; Aleyrodinae; Trialeurodes
NCBI Taxonomy ID
is Taxon A an Infraspecies?
No
Taxon B
Common Name
greenhouse whitefly
Synonyms
greenhouse whitefly; Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood, 1856); Trialeurodes vaporarium
Rank
species
Lineage
Show more ... Panarthropoda; Arthropoda; Mandibulata; Pancrustacea; Hexapoda; Insecta; Dicondylia; Pterygota; Neoptera; Paraneoptera; Hemiptera; Sternorrhyncha; Aleyrodoidea; Aleyrodidae; Aleyrodinae; Trialeurodes
NCBI Taxonomy ID
is Taxon B an Infraspecies?
No
GENOTYPIC CHANGE
UniProtKB
Drosophila melanogaster
GenebankID or UniProtKB
Presumptive Null
No
Molecular Type
Aberration Type
SNP
SNP Coding Change
Nonsynonymous
Molecular Details of the Mutation
E645K
Experimental Evidence
Taxon A Taxon B Position
Codon - - -
Amino-acid Glu Lys 645
Authors
Karatolos N; Williamson MS; Denholm I; Gorman K; ffrench-Constant R; Nauen R
Abstract
Spiromesifen is a novel insecticide and is classed as a tetronic acid derivative. It targets the insects' acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) enzyme, causing a reduction in lipid biosynthesis. At the time of this publication, there are no reports of resistance to this class of insecticides in insects although resistance has been observed in several mite species. The greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) is a serious pest of protected vegetable and ornamental crops in temperate regions of the world and spiromesifen is widely used in its control. Mortality rates of UK and European populations of T. vaporariorum to spiromesifen were calculated and up to 26-fold resistance was found. We therefore sought to examine the molecular mechanism underlying spiromesifen resistance in this important pest. Pre-treatment with piperonyl butoxide did not synergize spiromesifen, suggesting a target-site resistance mechanism. The full length ACCase gene was sequenced for a range of T. vaporariorum strains and a strong association was found between spiromesifen resistance and a glutamic acid substitution with lysine in position 645 (E645K) of this gene. A TaqMan allelic discrimination assay confirmed these findings. Although this resistance is not considered sufficient to compromise the field performance of spiromesifen, this association of E645K with resistance is the first report of a potential target site mechanism affecting an ACCase inhibitor in an arthropod species.

© 2012 Rothamsted Research. Insect Molecular Biology © 2012 The Royal Entomological Society.
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