GEPHE SUMMARY Print
Entry Status
Published
GepheID
GP00002585
Main curator
Courtier
PHENOTYPIC CHANGE
Trait Category
Trait State in Taxon A
Rhopalosiphum padi - sensitive
Trait State in Taxon B
Rhopalosiphum padi- resistant
Ancestral State
Taxon A
Taxonomic Status
Taxon A
Common Name
bird cherry-oat aphid
Synonyms
bird cherry-oat aphid; Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus, 1758)
Rank
species
Lineage
Show more ... stacea; Hexapoda; Insecta; Dicondylia; Pterygota; Neoptera; Paraneoptera; Hemiptera; Sternorrhyncha; Aphidomorpha; Aphidoidea; Aphididae; Aphidinae; Aphidini; Rhopalosiphum; Rhopalosiphum padi complex
NCBI Taxonomy ID
is Taxon A an Infraspecies?
No
Taxon B
Common Name
bird cherry-oat aphid
Synonyms
bird cherry-oat aphid; Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus, 1758)
Rank
species
Lineage
Show more ... stacea; Hexapoda; Insecta; Dicondylia; Pterygota; Neoptera; Paraneoptera; Hemiptera; Sternorrhyncha; Aphidomorpha; Aphidoidea; Aphididae; Aphidinae; Aphidini; Rhopalosiphum; Rhopalosiphum padi complex
NCBI Taxonomy ID
is Taxon B an Infraspecies?
No
GENOTYPIC CHANGE
UniProtKB
Drosophila melanogaster
GenebankID or UniProtKB
Presumptive Null
No
Molecular Type
Aberration Type
SNP
SNP Coding Change
Nonsynonymous
Molecular Details of the Mutation
F368(290)L
Experimental Evidence
Taxon A Taxon B Position
Codon - - -
Amino-acid Phe Leu 290
Authors
Chen MH; Han ZJ; Qiao XF; Qu MJ
Abstract
Apple grain aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus), is an important wheat pest. In China, it has been reported that R. padi has developed high resistance to carbamate and organophosphate insecticides. Previous work cloned from this aphid 2 different genes encoding acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which is the target enzyme for carbamate and organophosphate insecticides, and its insensitive alteration has been proven to be an important mechanism for insecticide resistance in other insects. In this study, both resistant and susceptible strains of R, padi were developed, and their AChEs were compared to determine whether resistance resulted from this mechanism and whether these 2 genes both play a role in resistance. Bioassays showed that the resistant strain used was highly or moderately resistant to pirimicarb, omethoate, and monocrotophos (resistance ratio, 263.8, 53.8, and 17.5, respectively), and showed little resistance to deltamethrin or thiodicarb (resistance ratio, 5.2 and 3.4, respectively). Correspondingly, biochemistry analysis found that AChE from resistant aphids was very insensitive to the first 3 insecticides (I50 increased 43.0-, 15.2-, and 8.8-fold, respectively), but not to thiodicarb (I50 increased 1.1-fold). Enzyme kinetics tests showed that resistant and susceptible strains had different AChEs. Sequence analysis of the 2 AChE genes cloned from resistant and susceptible aphids revealed that 2 mutations in Ace2 and 1 in Ace1 were consistently associated with resistance. Mutation F368(290)L in Ace2 localized at the same position as a previously proven resistance mutation site in other insects. The other 2 mutations, S329(228)P in Ace1 and V435(356)A in Ace2, were also found to affect the enzyme structure. These findings indicate that resistance in this aphid is mainly the result of insensistive AChE alteration, that the 3 mutations found might contribute to resistance, and that the AChEs encoded by both genes could serve as targets of insecticides.
RELATED GEPHE
Related Haplotypes
1
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