GEPHE SUMMARY
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Gephebase Gene
Entry Status
Published
GepheID
GP00000580
Main curator
Martin
PHENOTYPIC CHANGE
Trait Category
Trait
Trait State in Taxon A
Equus caballus
Trait State in Taxon B
Equus caballus; modern breeds and predomestic fossils
Ancestral State
Data not curated
Taxonomic Status
Taxon A
Latin Name
Common Name
horse
Synonyms
Equus przewalskii f. caballus; Equus przewalskii forma caballus; horse; domestic horse; equine; Equus caballus Linnaeus, 1758
Rank
species
Lineage
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rata; Gnathostomata; Teleostomi; Euteleostomi; Sarcopterygii; Dipnotetrapodomorpha; Tetrapoda; Amniota; Mammalia; Theria; Eutheria; Boreoeutheria; Laurasiatheria; Perissodactyla; Equidae; Equus; Equus
Parent
NCBI Taxonomy ID
is Taxon A an Infraspecies?
No
Taxon B
Latin Name
Common Name
horse
Synonyms
Equus przewalskii f. caballus; Equus przewalskii forma caballus; horse; domestic horse; equine; Equus caballus Linnaeus, 1758
Rank
species
Lineage
Show more ...
rata; Gnathostomata; Teleostomi; Euteleostomi; Sarcopterygii; Dipnotetrapodomorpha; Tetrapoda; Amniota; Mammalia; Theria; Eutheria; Boreoeutheria; Laurasiatheria; Perissodactyla; Equidae; Equus; Equus
Parent
NCBI Taxonomy ID
is Taxon B an Infraspecies?
Yes
Taxon B Description
Equus caballus; modern breeds and predomestic fossils
GENOTYPIC CHANGE
Generic Gene Name
MC1R
Synonyms
CMM5; MSH-R; SHEP2; MSHR
String
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
GO - Molecular Function
GO:0008528 : G protein-coupled peptide receptor activity
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GO - Biological Process
GO:0007275 : multicellular organism development
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GO - Cellular Component
GO:0005886 : plasma membrane
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UniProtKB
Homo sapiens
Homo sapiens
GenebankID or UniProtKB
Presumptive Null
Molecular Type
Aberration Type
SNP Coding Change
Nonsynonymous
Molecular Details of the Mutation
S83F
Experimental Evidence
Taxon A | Taxon B | Position | |
---|---|---|---|
Codon | - | - | - |
Amino-acid | - | - | - |
Authors
Marklund L; Moller MJ; Sandberg K; Andersson L
Abstract
The melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor gene (MC1R) is the major candidate gene for the chestnut coat color in horses since it is assumed to be controlled by an allele at the extension locus. MC1R sequences were PCR amplified from chestnut (e/e) and non-chestnut (E/-) horses. A single-strand conformation polymorphism was found that showed a complete association to the chestnut coat color among 144 horses representing 12 breeds. Sequence analysis revealed a single missense mutation (83Ser-->Phe) in the MC1R allele associated with the chestnut color. The substitution occurs in the second transmembrane region, which apparently plays a key role in the molecule since substitutions associated with coat color variants in mice and cattle as well as red hair and fair skin in humans are found in this part of the molecule. We propose that the now reported mutation is likely to be the causative mutation for the chestnut coat color. The polymorphism can be detected with a simple PCR-RFLP test, since the mutation creates a TaqI restriction site in the chestnut allele.
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