GEPHE SUMMARY
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Gephebase Gene
Entry Status
Published
GepheID
GP00000766
Main curator
Martin
PHENOTYPIC CHANGE
Trait Category
Trait State in Taxon A
Other marsupials
Trait State in Taxon B
Macropodidae (wallaby; quenda; quokka)
Ancestral State
Data not curated
Taxonomic Status
Taxon A
Latin Name
Common Name
marsupials
Synonyms
Marsupialia; marsupials
Rank
no rank
Lineage
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okonta; Metazoa; Eumetazoa; Bilateria; Deuterostomia; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Gnathostomata; Teleostomi; Euteleostomi; Sarcopterygii; Dipnotetrapodomorpha; Tetrapoda; Amniota; Mammalia; Theria
Parent
NCBI Taxonomy ID
is Taxon A an Infraspecies?
No
Taxon B
Latin Name
Common Name
-
Synonyms
-
Rank
family
Lineage
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Bilateria; Deuterostomia; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Gnathostomata; Teleostomi; Euteleostomi; Sarcopterygii; Dipnotetrapodomorpha; Tetrapoda; Amniota; Mammalia; Theria; Metatheria; Diprotodontia
NCBI Taxonomy ID
is Taxon B an Infraspecies?
No
GENOTYPIC CHANGE
Generic Gene Name
OPN1SW
Synonyms
BCP; BOP; CBT
String
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Opsin subfamily.
GO - Molecular Function
GO:0038023 : signaling receptor activity
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GO - Biological Process
GO:0007165 : signal transduction
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GO - Cellular Component
GO:0005887 : integral component of plasma membrane
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UniProtKB
Homo sapiens
Homo sapiens
Presumptive Null
Molecular Type
Aberration Type
SNP Coding Change
Nonsynonymous
Molecular Details of the Mutation
F86Y
Experimental Evidence
Taxon A | Taxon B | Position | |
---|---|---|---|
Codon | - | - | - |
Amino-acid | - | - | - |
Authors
Deeb SS; Wakefield MJ; Tada T; Marotte L; Yokoyama S; Marshall Graves JA
Abstract
Studies on marsupial color vision have been limited to very few species. There is evidence from behavioral, electroretinographic (ERG), and microspectrophotometric (MSP) measurements for the existence of both dichromatic and trichromatic color vision. No studies have yet investigated the molecular mechanisms of spectral tuning in the visual pigments of marsupials. Our study is the first to determine the mRNA sequence, infer the amino acid sequence, and determine, by in vitro expression, the spectra of the cone opsins of a marsupial, the tammar wallaby (Macropus eugenii). This yielded some information on mechanisms and evolution of spectral tuning of these pigments. The tammar wallaby retina contains only short-wavelength sensitive (SWS) and middle-wavelength sensitive (MWS) pigment mRNAs. This predicts dichromatic color vision, which is consistent with conclusions from previous behavioral studies ( Hemmi 1999). We found that the wallaby has a SWS1 class pigment of 346 amino acids. Sequence comparison with eutherian SWS pigments predicts that this SWS1 pigment absorbs maximally (lambdamax) at 424 nm and, therefore, is a blue rather than a UV pigment. This (lambdamax) is close to that of the in vitro-expressed wallaby SWS pigment (lambdamax of 420 +/- 2 nm) and to that determined behaviorally (420 nm). The difference from the mouse UV pigment (lambdamax of 359 nm) is largely accounted for by the F86Y substitution, in agreement with in vitro results comparing a variety of other SWS pigments. This suggests that spectral tuning employing F86Y substitution most likely arose independently in the marsupials and ungulates as a result of convergent evolution. An apparently different mechanism of spectral tuning of the SWS1 pigments, involving five amino acid positions, evolved in primates. The wallaby MWS pigment has 363 amino acids. Species comparisons at positions critical to spectral tuning predict a lambdamax near 530 nm, which is close to that of the in vitro-expressed pigment (529 +/- 1 nm), but quite different from the value of 539 nm determined by microspectrophotometry. Introns interrupt the coding sequences of the wallaby, mouse, and human MWS pigment sequences at the same corresponding nucleotide positions. However, the length of introns varies widely among these species.
RELATED GEPHE
Related Genes
No matches found.
Related Haplotypes
No matches found.
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