GEPHE SUMMARY Print
Gephebase Gene
Entry Status
Published
GepheID
GP00000792
Main curator
Courtier
PHENOTYPIC CHANGE
Trait Category
Trait State in Taxon A
Other deep-water fishes
Trait State in Taxon B
Aristostomias scintillans - can detect its own far-red bioluminescence
Ancestral State
Data not curated
Taxonomic Status
Taxon A
Latin Name
Common Name
barbeled dragonfishes
Synonyms
barbeled dragonfishes
Rank
family
Lineage
Show more ... data; Craniata; Vertebrata; Gnathostomata; Teleostomi; Euteleostomi; Actinopterygii; Actinopteri; Neopterygii; Teleostei; Osteoglossocephalai; Clupeocephala; Euteleosteomorpha; Stomiatii; Stomiiformes
NCBI Taxonomy ID
is Taxon A an Infraspecies?
No
Taxon B
Common Name
shiny loosejaw
Synonyms
shiny loosejaw; Aristostomias scintillans (Gilbert, 1915)
Rank
species
Lineage
Show more ... ; Teleostomi; Euteleostomi; Actinopterygii; Actinopteri; Neopterygii; Teleostei; Osteoglossocephalai; Clupeocephala; Euteleosteomorpha; Stomiatii; Stomiiformes; Stomiidae; Malacosteinae; Aristostomias
NCBI Taxonomy ID
is Taxon B an Infraspecies?
No
GENOTYPIC CHANGE
Generic Gene Name
RHO
Synonyms
RP4; OPN2; CSNBAD1
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Opsin subfamily.
UniProtKB
Homo sapiens
GenebankID or UniProtKB
Presumptive Null
No
Molecular Type
Aberration Type
SNP
SNP Coding Change
Nonsynonymous
Molecular Details of the Mutation
D83N; M183F; M253L; F261Y; T289G; S292I; M317I - all together shift to red (see table S4 of Yokoyama PNAS) - individual changes not tested
Experimental Evidence
Taxon A Taxon B Position
Codon - - -
Amino-acid - - -
Authors
Yokoyama S; Tada T; Zhang H; Britt L
Abstract
Vertebrate ancestors appeared in a uniform, shallow water environment, but modern species flourish in highly variable niches. A striking array of phenotypes exhibited by contemporary animals is assumed to have evolved by accumulating a series of selectively advantageous mutations. However, the experimental test of such adaptive events at the molecular level is remarkably difficult. One testable phenotype, dim-light vision, is mediated by rhodopsins. Here, we engineered 11 ancestral rhodopsins and show that those in early ancestors absorbed light maximally (lambda(max)) at 500 nm, from which contemporary rhodopsins with variable lambda(max)s of 480-525 nm evolved on at least 18 separate occasions. These highly environment-specific adaptations seem to have occurred largely by amino acid replacements at 12 sites, and most of those at the remaining 191 ( approximately 94%) sites have undergone neutral evolution. The comparison between these results and those inferred by commonly-used parsimony and Bayesian methods demonstrates that statistical tests of positive selection can be misleading without experimental support and that the molecular basis of spectral tuning in rhodopsins should be elucidated by mutagenesis analyses using ancestral pigments.
RELATED GEPHE
Related Genes
No matches found.
Related Haplotypes
No matches found.
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