Agouti (ASIP)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Berryere TG; Kerns JA; Barsh GS ; et al. (2005)
Association of an Agouti allele with fawn or sable coat color in domestic dogs.
GP00000060
Asip
Q03288
Morphology
c.244G>T + 248G>A ; p.A82S + p.R83H
A82S and R83H in Linkage Disequilibrium
a G-to-T transversion and a G-to-A transition in exon 4 at positions corresponding to residues 244 and 248 of the cDNA sequence
It is unknown if one or both substitutions alter Agouti protein function
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Agouti (ASIP)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti (ASIP)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kerns JA; Newton J; Berryere TG ; et al. (2004)
Characterization of the dog Agouti gene and a nonagoutimutation in German Shepherd Dogs.
1 Additional References
GP00000061
Asip
Q03288
Morphology
R96C ; g.23393552C>T c.286C>T p.R96C
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Agouti (ASIP)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti (ASIP)
Coloration (coat)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Dreger DL; Schmutz SM (2011 Sep-Oct)
A SINE insertion causes the black-and-tan and saddle tan phenotypes in domestic dogs.
GP00001336
Asip
Q03288
Morphology
A 239bp SINE insertion in reverse orientation in intron 1
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Agouti (ASIP)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
amylase 2B (AMY2B)
Starch processing
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Axelsson E; Ratnakumar A; Arendt ML ; et al. (2013)
The genomic signature of dog domestication reveals adaptation to a starch-rich diet.
4 Additional References
GP00000086
LOC479922
L7N0N6
Physiology
Copy Number Variation
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
amylase 2B (AMY2B)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-defensin 103 (CBD103)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Canis latrans
coyote - (species) D
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species) D
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Candille SI; Kaelin CB; Cattanach BM ; et al. (2007)
A -defensin mutation causes black coat color in domestic dogs.
2 Additional References
GP00000141
CBD103
Q30KV0
Morphology; Physiology
3bp in-frame deletion in exon 2 = deletion of Gly23
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Canis latrans
coyote - (species) D
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species) D
beta-defensin 103 (CBD103)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis latrans
coyote - (species)
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
BMP3 or PRKG2
Cranio-facial morphology
Coding,
SNP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Schoenebeck JJ; Hutchinson SA; Byers A ; et al. (2012)
Variation of BMP3 contributes to dog breed skull diversity.
GP00000152
Bmp3
Q8BHE5
Morphology
F452L in BMP3 ; this missense mutation is in a conserved position and correlates well with small breeds. However; the functional data (zebrafish BMP3 morpholino knockdown) proposed in this article is inconsistent with the mice BMP3 null-mutation
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
BMP3 or PRKG2
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Dvl2
Organ size (tail)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Mansour TA; Lucot K; Konopelski SE ; et al. (2018)
Whole genome variant association across 100 dogs identifies a frame shift mutation in DISHEVELLED 2 [...]
GP00002110
DVL2
O14641
Morphology
single base deletion found on CFA 5(g.32195043_32195044del) that is homozygous in the three screw tail breeds - predicted to lead to a frameshift mutation and cause a premature stop codon that truncates the translated protein by 23 amino acids (p.Pro684LeufsX26) - 26 altered amino acids are predicted to be present in the highly conserved C-terminus of the mutant protein. N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Dvl2
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
enamelin (ENAM)
Tooth composition (no enamel production)
Coding,
Unknown
N
Manis pentadactyla
Chinese pangolin - (species) D
Manis tricuspis
Tree pangolin - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Meredith RW; Gatesy J; Murphy WJ ; et al. (2009)
Molecular decay of the tooth gene Enamelin (ENAM) mirrors the loss of enamel in the fossil record of[...]
GP00001944
ENAM
Q9NRM1
Physiology
multiple deletions and insertions less than 9bp causing frameshift N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Manis pentadactyla
Chinese pangolin - (species) D
Manis tricuspis
Tree pangolin - (species) D
enamelin (ENAM)
Manis pentadactyla
Chinese pangolin - (species)
Manis tricuspis
Tree pangolin - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
enamelin (ENAM)
Tooth composition (no enamel production)
Coding,
Unknown
N
Bradypus tridactylus
Pale-throated sloth - (species) D
Tamandua tetradactyla
southern tamandua - (species) D
Dasypus novemcinctus
nine-banded armadillo - (species) D
Euphractus sexcinctus
(species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Meredith RW; Gatesy J; Murphy WJ ; et al. (2009)
Molecular decay of the tooth gene Enamelin (ENAM) mirrors the loss of enamel in the fossil record of[...]
GP00001945
ENAM
Q9NRM1
Physiology
multiple frameshift insertions and deletions N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Bradypus tridactylus
Pale-throated sloth - (species) D
Tamandua tetradactyla
southern tamandua - (species) D
Dasypus novemcinctus
nine-banded armadillo - (species) D
Euphractus sexcinctus
(species) D
enamelin (ENAM)
Bradypus tridactylus
Pale-throated sloth - (species)
Tamandua tetradactyla
southern tamandua - (species)
Dasypus novemcinctus
nine-banded armadillo - (species)
Euphractus sexcinctus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FGF3; FGF4; FGF19; ORAOV1
Coloration (coat; dog Ridgeback phenotype)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Salmon Hillbertz NH; Isaksson M; Karlsson EK ; et al. (2007)
Duplication of FGF3, FGF4, FGF19 and ORAOV1 causes hair ridge and predisposition to dermoid sinus in[...]
GP00000308
FGF4
J9P3I7
Morphology
Gene duplication
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
FGF3; FGF4; FGF19; ORAOV1
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FGF4 retrogene
Limb size
Unknown,
Insertion
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Parker HG; VonHoldt BM; Quignon P ; et al. (2009)
An expressed fgf4 retrogene is associated with breed-defining chondrodysplasia in domestic dogs.
GP00000309
FGF4
J9P3I7
Morphology
Gene retroposition : 5kb insertion containing a FGF4 retrogene; 25Mb away from the complete (original) FGF4 gene
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
FGF4 retrogene
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FGF5
Hair length
Coding,
SNP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Cadieu E; Neff MW; Quignon P ; et al. (2009)
Coat variation in the domestic dog is governed by variants in three genes.
GP00000310
Fgf5
P15656
Morphology
Cys95Phe
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
FGF5
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FGF5
Hair length
Coding,
SNP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Dierks C; Mömke S; Philipp U ; et al. (2013)
Allelic heterogeneity of FGF5 mutations causes the long-hair phenotype in dogs.
1 Additional References
GP00002174
Fgf5
P15656
Morphology
g.4528639C>T c.578C>T p.A193V
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
FGF5
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FGF5
Hair length
Coding,
SNP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Dierks C; Mömke S; Philipp U ; et al. (2013)
Allelic heterogeneity of FGF5 mutations causes the long-hair phenotype in dogs.
1 Additional References
GP00002175
Fgf5
P15656
Morphology
g.8193T>A splice site
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
FGF5
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FGF5
Hair length
Coding,
Insertion
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Dierks C; Mömke S; Philipp U ; et al. (2013)
Allelic heterogeneity of FGF5 mutations causes the long-hair phenotype in dogs.
1 Additional References
GP00002176
Fgf5
P15656
Morphology
c.559_560dupGG p.R188Afs*73
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
FGF5
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FGF5
Hair length
Coding,
Deletion
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Dierks C; Mömke S; Philipp U ; et al. (2013)
Allelic heterogeneity of FGF5 mutations causes the long-hair phenotype in dogs.
1 Additional References
GP00002177
Fgf5
P15656
Morphology
c.556_571del16 p.A186Tfs*69
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
FGF5
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FGF5
Hair length
Coding,
SNP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Housley DJ; Venta PJ (2006)
The long and the short of it: evidence that FGF5 is a major determinant of canine 'hair'-itability.
GP00002443
Fgf5
P15656
Morphology
Presence of a duplication in a relatively non-conserved region of the gene and a missense mutation resulting in the substitution of Phe for Cys in a highly conserved region. Genotyping of 218 dogs from three breeds fixed for long hair; eight breeds fixed for short hair and five breeds in which long hair is segregating provided evidence that the missense mutation is associated with the hair-length differences among these breeds.
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
FGF5
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FOXI3
Hair (hypotrichosis)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Drögemüller C; Karlsson EK; Hytönen MK ; et al. (2008)
A mutation in hairless dogs implicates FOXI3 in ectodermal development.
GP00000351
FOXI3
B5RHS5
Morphology
Frameshift; 7-bp duplication within exon 1 N
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
FOXI3
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GPR22
Coloration (coat)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Batcher K; Varney S; Affolter VK ; et al. (2022)
An SNN retrocopy insertion upstream of GPR22 is associated with dark red coat color in Poodles.
GP00002389
GPR22
Q99680
Morphology
A SNNL1 retrocopy element is inserted within the intron of COG5 and 2.8kbp upstream of and in the same orientation as GPR22. It is likely disrupting regulation of the CPR22 gene, resulting in higher gene expression and atypical expression in the skin.
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
GPR22
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
growth hormone receptor (GHR)
Body size (weight)
Coding,
SNP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Rimbault M; Beale HC; Schoenebeck JJ ; et al. (2013)
Derived variants at six genes explain nearly half of size reduction in dog breeds.
GP00001475
GHR
Q9TU69
Morphology
G>A in exon 5 p.E191K in extracellular domain
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
growth hormone receptor (GHR)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
growth hormone receptor (GHR)
Body size (weight)
Coding,
SNP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Rimbault M; Beale HC; Schoenebeck JJ ; et al. (2013)
Derived variants at six genes explain nearly half of size reduction in dog breeds.
GP00001476
GHR
Q9TU69
Morphology
C>T in exon 5 p.P177L in extracellular domain
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
growth hormone receptor (GHR)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
HAS2
Wrinkled skin (Shar-Pei dogs)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Akey JM; Ruhe AL; Akey DT ; et al. (2010)
Tracking footprints of artificial selection in the dog genome.
GP00000438
HAS2
J9PB16
Morphology
unknown
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
HAS2
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
HMGA2
Body size
Unknown,
Unknown
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Akey JM; Ruhe AL; Akey DT ; et al. (2010)
Tracking footprints of artificial selection in the dog genome.
1 Additional References
GP00000484
HMGA2
P52926
Morphology
unknown
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
HMGA2
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1)
Body size
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Sutter NB; Bustamante CD; Chase K ; et al. (2007)
A single IGF1 allele is a major determinant of small size in dogs.
1 Additional References
GP00000501
Igf1
P05017
Morphology
Not identified / several haplotypes
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit
Coloration (coat ; white-spotting)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Wong AK; Ruhe AL; Robertson KR ; et al. (2013)
A de novo mutation in KIT causes white spotting in a subpopulation of German Shepherd dogs.
GP00002228
Kit
P05532
Morphology
a 1-bp insertion of an adenine 70 bases downstream of the beginning of exon 2 resulting in frameshift N
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Kit
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
KRT71
Hair type (curly)
Coding,
SNP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Cadieu E; Neff MW; Quignon P ; et al. (2009)
Coat variation in the domestic dog is governed by variants in three genes.
GP00000524
Krt71
Q9R0H5
Morphology
c.451A>T in exon 2 - Arg151Trp
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
KRT71
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
KRT71
Hair type (curly)
Coding,
Indel
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Bauer A; Hadji Rasouliha S; Brunner MT ; et al. (2019)
A second KRT71 allele in curly coated dogs.
1 Additional References
GP00002231
Krt71
Q9R0H5
Morphology
c.1266_1273delinsACA p.Ser422ArgfsTer?
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
KRT71
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Newton JM; Wilkie AL; He L ; et al. (2000)
Melanocortin 1 receptor variation in the domestic dog.
1 Additional References
GP00000573
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
R306ter; deletes 12 of 17 a.a. from C-terminus
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
MC1R
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Schmutz SM; Berryere TG; Ellinwood NM ; et al. (2003 Jan-Feb)
MC1R studies in dogs with melanistic mask or brindle patterns.
GP00000574
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
M264V
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
MC1R
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Dürig N; Letko A; Lepori V ; et al. (2018)
Two MC1R loss-of-function alleles in cream-coloured Australian Cattle Dogs and white Huskies.
GP00002301
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
2-bp deletion in the coding sequence c.816_817delCT N
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
MC1R
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Cis-regulatory,
SNP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Dürig N; Letko A; Lepori V ; et al. (2018)
Two MC1R loss-of-function alleles in cream-coloured Australian Cattle Dogs and white Huskies.
GP00002302
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
single nucleotide variant within the MITF binding site of the canine MC1R promoter
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
MC1R
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Dreger DL; Schmutz SM (2010 Sep-Oct)
A new mutation in MC1R explains a coat color phenotype in 2 "old" breeds: Saluki and Afghan hound.
GP00002303
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
c.233G>T p.G78V N
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
MC1R
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Melanophilin (MLPH)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Bauer A; Kehl A; Jagannathan V ; et al. (2018)
A novel MLPH variant in dogs with coat colour dilution.
GP00000643
Mlph
Q91V27
Morphology
c.705G>C p.Gln235His
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Melanophilin (MLPH)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Melanophilin (MLPH)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Drögemüller C; Philipp U; Haase B ; et al. (2007)
A noncoding melanophilin gene (MLPH) SNP at the splice donor of exon 1 represents a candidate causal[...]
GP00002330
Mlph
Q91V27
Morphology
GA substitution at splice donor site causing Splicing defect
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Melanophilin (MLPH)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Melanophilin (MLPH)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Van Buren SL; Minor KM; Grahn RA ; et al. (2020)
A Third MLPH Variant Causing Coat Color Dilution in Dogs.
GP00002331
Mlph
Q91V27
Morphology
c.667_668insC p.(His223Profs*41) N
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Melanophilin (MLPH)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MFSD12
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Hédan B; Cadieu E; Botherel N ; et al. (2019)
Identification of a Missense Variant in MFSD12 Involved in Dilution of Phaeomelanin Leading to White[...]
GP00002244
MFSD12
Q6NUT3
Morphology
c.151C>T p.Arg51Cys N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
MFSD12
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MGAM
Starch processing
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Axelsson E; Ratnakumar A; Arendt ML ; et al. (2013)
The genomic signature of dog domestication reveals adaptation to a starch-rich diet.
GP00000654
MGAM
O43451
Physiology
unknown
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
MGAM
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Microphtalmia-associated transcription factor
Coloration (coat)
Cis-regulatory,
Deletion
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Karlsson EK; Baranowska I; Wade CM ; et al. (2007)
Efficient mapping of mendelian traits in dogs through genome-wide association.
1 Additional References
GP00000657
Mitf
Q08874
Morphology
g.21836232_21836427ins>del - this SINE-insertion variant is the first of three possible regulatory variants described by Karlsson et al. (2007). Its genomic location and description were kindly provided by Professor Claire Wade in August 2018. OMIA 000214-9615
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Microphtalmia-associated transcription factor
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Myosin heavy chain 9
Heat tolerance
Racing performance
Cis-regulatory,
SNP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Huson HJ; vonHoldt BM; Rimbault M ; et al. (2012)
Breed-specific ancestry studies and genome-wide association analysis highlight an association betwee[...]
GP00000684
MYH9
P35579
Physiology
Physiology
Several candidate SNPs - exact causing mutation(s) unknown
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Myosin heavy chain 9
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Myostatin (MSTN = GDF8)
Racing performance
Coding,
Deletion
N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Mosher DS; Quignon P; Bustamante CD ; et al. (2007)
A mutation in the myostatin gene increases muscle mass and enhances racing performance in heterozygo[...]
GP00000697
MSTN
O14793
Morphology; Physiology
2bp deletion in the third exon c.939_940delTG p.C313* N
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Myostatin (MSTN = GDF8)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
PMEL17
Coloration (coat)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Clark LA; Wahl JM; Rees CA ; et al. (2006)
Retrotransposon insertion in SILV is responsible for merle patterning of the domestic dog.
GP00002072
Pmel
Q60696
Morphology
due to a short interspersed element (SINE) insertion at the intron 10/exon 11 boundary. The SINE segregates with the merle phenotype in multiple breeds (Collie, Border Collie, Australian Shepherd, Cardigan Welsh Corgi, Dachshund, and Great Dane) and is absent from dogs representing breeds that do not have merle patterning. All examined harlequin Great Danes harbored the insertion in either a heterozygous or homozygous state.
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
PMEL17
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
PMEL17
Coloration (coat)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Langevin M; Synkova H; Jancuskova T ; et al. (2018)
Merle phenotypes in dogs - SILV SINE insertions from Mc to Mh.
1 Additional References
GP00002266
Pmel
Q60696
Morphology
Allele of the Merle SINE insertaiion : Mc (208-230bp)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
PMEL17
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
PMEL17
Coloration (coat)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Langevin M; Synkova H; Jancuskova T ; et al. (2018)
Merle phenotypes in dogs - SILV SINE insertions from Mc to Mh.
1 Additional References
GP00002267
Pmel
Q60696
Morphology
Allele of the Merle SINE insertion : Mc+ (231-245bp)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
PMEL17
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
PMEL17
Coloration (coat)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Langevin M; Synkova H; Jancuskova T ; et al. (2018)
Merle phenotypes in dogs - SILV SINE insertions from Mc to Mh.
1 Additional References
GP00002268
Pmel
Q60696
Morphology
Allele of the Merle SINE insertion : Ma (247-254bp)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
PMEL17
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
PMEL17
Coloration (coat)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Langevin M; Synkova H; Jancuskova T ; et al. (2018)
Merle phenotypes in dogs - SILV SINE insertions from Mc to Mh.
1 Additional References
GP00002269
Pmel
Q60696
Morphology
Allele of the Merle SINE insertion : Ma+ (255-264bp)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
PMEL17
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
PMEL17
Coloration (coat)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Langevin M; Synkova H; Jancuskova T ; et al. (2018)
Merle phenotypes in dogs - SILV SINE insertions from Mc to Mh.
1 Additional References
GP00002270
Pmel
Q60696
Morphology
Allele of the Merle SINE insertion : Mh (269-277bp)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
PMEL17
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
PSMB7
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Clark LA; Tsai KL; Starr AN ; et al. (2011)
A missense mutation in the 20S proteasome β2 subunit of Great Danes having harlequin coat patterning[...]
GP00000936
Psmb7
P70195
Morphology
c.146T>G p.V6G
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
PSMB7
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
R-spondin-2 (RSPO2)
Hair length (moustache / eyebrows)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Cadieu E; Neff MW; Quignon P ; et al. (2009)
Coat variation in the domestic dog is governed by variants in three genes.
GP00000945
Rspo2
Q8BFU0
Morphology
a 167bp insertion within the 3'UTR at position which leads to a threefold increase in transcription of RSPO2 in muzzle skin of dogs with furnishings
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
R-spondin-2 (RSPO2)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SGK3
Hair (hypotrichosis)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Parker HG; Harris A; Dreger DL ; et al. (2017)
The bald and the beautiful: hairlessness in domestic dog breeds.
GP00002262
Sgk3
Q9ERE3
Morphology
Val96GlyfsTer50 deletion that removes four bases (TTAG) within exon 4 ; creating a new protein sequence for 50 amino acids and a premature stop at amino acid 157 N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
SGK3
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SGK3
Hair (hypotrichosis)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Hytönen MK; Lohi H (2019)
A frameshift insertion in SGK3 leads to recessive hairlessness in Scottish Deerhounds: a candidate g[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002263
Sgk3
Q9ERE3
Morphology
c.137_138insT p.Glu47GlyfsTer3 N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
SGK3
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SGLT1
Starch processing
Coding,
Unknown
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Axelsson E; Ratnakumar A; Arendt ML ; et al. (2013)
The genomic signature of dog domestication reveals adaptation to a starch-rich diet.
GP00001037
Slc5a1
Q9QXI6
Physiology
unknown
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
SGLT1
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SLC45A2=MATP
Coloration (coat; albinism)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Winkler PA; Gornik KR; Ramsey DT ; et al. (2014)
A partial gene deletion of SLC45A2 causes oculocutaneous albinism in Doberman pinscher dogs.
GP00002296
SLC45A2
Q9UMX9
Morphology
4081 base pair deletion resulting in loss of the terminus of exon seven of SLC45A2 N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
SLC45A2=MATP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SLC45A2=MATP
Coloration (coat; albinism)
Coding,
SNP
N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Wijesena HR; Schmutz SM (2015 May-Jun)
A Missense Mutation in SLC45A2 Is Associated with Albinism in Several Small Long Haired Dog Breeds.
GP00002297
SLC45A2
Q9UMX9
Morphology
c.1478G>A p.G493D N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
SLC45A2=MATP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SLC45A2=MATP
Coloration (coat; albinism)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Caduff M; Bauer A; Jagannathan V ; et al. (2017)
A single base deletion in the SLC45A2 gene in a Bullmastiff with oculocutaneous albinism.
GP00002298
SLC45A2
Q9UMX9
Morphology
c.1287delC p.Met430CysfsTer4 N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
SLC45A2=MATP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
TBXT
Organ size (tail; short)
Coding,
SNP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Haworth K; Putt W; Cattanach B ; et al. (2001)
Canine homolog of the T-box transcription factor T; failure of the protein to bind to its DNA target[...]
3 Additional References
GP00002340
Tbxt
P20293
Morphology
c.189C>G p.I63M
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
TBXT
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Schmutz SM; Berryere TG; Goldfinch AD (2002)
TYRP1 and MC1R genotypes and their effects on coat color in dogs.
GP00001146
Tyrp1
P07147
Morphology
deletion of a proline residue in exon 5 (345delP)
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Schmutz SM; Berryere TG; Goldfinch AD (2002)
TYRP1 and MC1R genotypes and their effects on coat color in dogs.
GP00001147
Tyrp1
P07147
Morphology
premature stop codon in exon 5 (Q331ter) N
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Schmutz SM; Berryere TG; Goldfinch AD (2002)
TYRP1 and MC1R genotypes and their effects on coat color in dogs.
GP00002233
Tyrp1
P07147
Morphology
c.121T>A p.Cys41Ser
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Hrckova Turnova E; Majchrakova Z; Bielikova M ; et al. (2017)
A novel mutation in the TYRP1 gene associated with brown coat colour in the Australian Shepherd Dog [...]
GP00002234
Tyrp1
P07147
Morphology
c.555T>G p.Tyr185* N
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Wright HE; Schofield E; Mellersh CS ; et al. (2019)
A novel TYRP1 variant is associated with liver and tan coat colour in Lancashire Heelers.
GP00002235
Tyrp1
P07147
Morphology
c.1025T>G p.Phe342Cys
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator