ABCC2
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt toxins)
Coding,
Complex Change
N
Spodoptera frugiperda
fall armyworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Banerjee R; Hasler J; Meagher R ; et al. (2017)
Mechanism and DNA-based detection of field-evolved resistance to transgenic Bt corn in fall armyworm[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002461
MRP1
H8YF43
Physiology
A nine-base deletion (position 39–47) and a two-base insertion (GC at position 2218) lead to a frameshift and the occurrence of a premature stop codon. The truncated protein is 746 amino acids whereas the ABCC2 of the susceptible strain encodes a protein of 1349 amino acids. N
Spodoptera frugiperda
fall armyworm - (species)
Spodoptera frugiperda
fall armyworm - (species) D
ABCC2
Spodoptera frugiperda
fall armyworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ABCC2
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt toxins)
Coding,
Complex Change
N
Spodoptera frugiperda
fall armyworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Boaventura D; Ulrich J; Lueke B ; et al. (2020)
Molecular characterization of Cry1F resistance in fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda from Brazil.
GP00002462
MRP1
H8YF43
Physiology
two mutations in the extracellular loop 4 (ECL4) of ABCC2: a deletion of two amino acids (GY) at positions 788 and 789 and the change of a proline to either lysine or arginine at position 799. Expression of mutated ABCC2 in insect cells confirmed the role of these mutations in toxin binding. N
Spodoptera frugiperda
fall armyworm - (species)
Spodoptera frugiperda
fall armyworm - (species) D
ABCC2
Spodoptera frugiperda
fall armyworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
AtGA20ox1 (=GA5=Sd1)
Plant size (dwarfism)
Gene Loss,
Complex Change
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Barboza L; Effgen S; Alonso-Blanco C ; et al. (2013)
Arabidopsis semidwarfs evolved from independent mutations in GA20ox1, ortholog to green revolution d[...]
GP00000106
GA20OX1
Q39110
Morphology
Whole gene deletion N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
AtGA20ox1 (=GA5=Sd1)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
AtLURE1
Fertilization (pollen-tube attraction by egg)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Takeuchi H; Higashiyama T (2012)
A species-specific cluster of defensin-like genes encodes diffusible pollen tube attractants in Arab[...]
GP00000126
LURE1.1
Q4VP09
Physiology
Gene birth
Arabidopsis lyrata
(species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
AtLURE1
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Carotenoid-binding protein (CBP)
Coloration (silk)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Bombyx mori
domestic silkworm - (species) D
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Sakudoh T; Nakashima T; Kuroki Y ; et al. (2011)
Diversity in copy number and structure of a silkworm morphogenetic gene as a result of domestication[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000169
Q1HE01
Morphology
Copy Number Variation (up to 20 copies in B. mori ; only one in the wild form; B. mandarina)
Bombyx mandarina
wild silkworm - (species)
Bombyx mori
domestic silkworm - (species) D
Carotenoid-binding protein (CBP)
Bombyx mori
domestic silkworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CBF2-CBF4; CBF13
Temperature tolerance (cold)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Hordeum vulgare
(species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Knox AK; Dhillon T; Cheng H ; et al. (2010)
CBF gene copy number variation at Frost Resistance-2 is associated with levels of freezing tolerance[...]
GP00000176
B1NSN2
Physiology
tandem duplication of CBF2-CBF4 region and/or pseudogenisation of CBF13
Hordeum vulgare
(species)
Hordeum vulgare
(species)
CBF2-CBF4; CBF13
Hordeum vulgare
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CDKN2A
Coloration (feathers ; sex-linked dilution)
2 Mutations:
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Schwochow Thalmann D; Ring H; Sundström E ; et al. (2017)
The evolution of Sex-linked barring alleles in chickens involves both regulatory and coding changes [...]
1 Additional References
GP00000178
CDKN2A
P42771
Morphology
2 mutations
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
CDKN2A
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CDKN2A
Coloration (feathers ; sex-linked barring)
2 Mutations:
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Schwochow Thalmann D; Ring H; Sundström E ; et al. (2017)
The evolution of Sex-linked barring alleles in chickens involves both regulatory and coding changes [...]
1 Additional References
GP00002162
CDKN2A
P42771
Morphology
2 mutations
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
CDKN2A
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Cf-4/9
Pathogen resistance
Gene Loss,
Complex Change
Solanum lycopersicum
tomato - (species)
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Parniske M; Hammond-Kosack KE; Golstein C ; et al. (1997)
Novel disease resistance specificities result from sequence exchange between tandemly repeated genes[...]
GP00000181
Cf-4A
Q7DLS4
Physiology
partial loss of two gene coding regions located in tandem; resulting in a chimeric gene
Solanum pimpinellifolium
(species)
Solanum lycopersicum
tomato - (species)
Cf-4/9
Solanum lycopersicum
tomato - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CNL9 (=Sr35)
Pathogen resistance
Coding,
Complex Change
Triticum monococcum
(species)
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Saintenac C; Zhang W; Salcedo A ; et al. (2013)
Identification of wheat gene Sr35 that confers resistance to Ug99 stem rust race group.
GP00000189
Sr35
S5ABD6
Physiology
Coding variation in the LRR domain - a spontaneous gene conversion between CNL4 and CNL9 is the most parsimonious explanation for the three linked mutations in CNL9
Triticum monococcum
(species)
Triticum monococcum
(species)
CNL9 (=Sr35)
Triticum monococcum
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
cortex
Coloration (wing ; leaf mimicry ; camouflage)
Cis-regulatory,
Complex Change
Kallima inachus
orange oakleaf - (species) D
Intraspecific
Association Mapping
Wang S; Teng D; Li X ; et al. (2022)
The evolution and diversification of oakleaf butterflies.
GP00002413
cort
Q960N3
Morphology
Kallima inachus
orange oakleaf - (species)
Kallima inachus
orange oakleaf - (species) D
cortex
Kallima inachus
orange oakleaf - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYC-like RAY1/RAY2
Flower morphology
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Senecio vulgaris
(species)
Intraspecific
Linkage Mapping
Kim M; Cui ML; Cubas P ; et al. (2008)
Regulatory genes control a key morphological and ecological trait transferred between species.
GP00000194
CYC
O49250
Morphology
Gene gain by hybridization
Senecio vulgaris
(species)
Senecio vulgaris
(species)
CYC-like RAY1/RAY2
Senecio vulgaris
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP337B3
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; pyrethroid)
Coding,
Complex Change
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Association Mapping
Joußen N; Agnolet S; Lorenz S ; et al. (2012)
Resistance of Australian Helicoverpa armigera to fenvalerate is due to the chimeric P450 enzyme CYP3[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002477
CYP337B3
A0A0H3V333
Physiology
The unique P450 chimeric gene CYP337B3 arose from unequal crossing-over between two parental P450 genes CYP337B2 and CYP337B1 . CYP337B3 can metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Neither parental enzyme has the ability to metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. The exclusive presence of CYP337B3 in resistant insects of this strain confers a 42-fold resistance to fenvalerate.
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
CYP337B3
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP337B3
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; pyrethroid)
Coding,
Complex Change
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Rasool Akhtar; Joußen Nicole; Lorenz Sybille ; et al. (2014
)
An independent occurrence of the chimeric P450 enzyme CYP337B3 of Helicoverpa armigera confers cyper[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002478
CYP337B3
A0A0H3V333
Physiology
The P450 chimeric gene CYP337B3 arose from unequal crossing-over between two parental P450 genes CYP337B2 and CYP337B1 . CYP337B3 can metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Neither parental enzyme has the ability to metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. The Pakistani and the Australian CYP337B3 alleles differ by 18 synonymous and three nonsynonymous SNPs and additionally in the length and sequence of the intron.
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
CYP337B3
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP337B3
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; pyrethroid)
Coding,
Complex Change
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Han Yangchun; Yu Wanting; Zhang Weiqing ; et al. (2015
)
Variation in P450-mediated fenvalerate resistance levels is not correlated with CYP337B3 genotype in[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002479
CYP337B3
A0A0H3V333
Physiology
The P450 chimeric gene CYP337B3 arose from unequal crossing-over between two parental P450 genes CYP337B2 and CYP337B1 . CYP337B3 can metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Neither parental enzyme has the ability to metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Sequence analysis revealed a distinct CYP337B3 allele (CYP337B3v2) in the Pakistani population and three distinct alleles in the Chinese populations (CYP337B3v2 CYP337B3v3 CYP337B3v4) that differ from the Australian allele (CYP337B3v1) by a number of synonymous and non-synonymous SNPs in addition to variability of the intron sequence and size. This variation may result from different crossing-over positions during recombination of the CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 parental genes with different alleles of CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 involved in the crossing-over.
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
CYP337B3
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP337B3
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; pyrethroid)
Coding,
Complex Change
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Han Yangchun; Yu Wanting; Zhang Weiqing ; et al. (2015
)
Variation in P450-mediated fenvalerate resistance levels is not correlated with CYP337B3 genotype in[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002480
CYP337B3
A0A0H3V333
Physiology
The P450 chimeric gene CYP337B3 arose from unequal crossing-over between two parental P450 genes CYP337B2 and CYP337B1 . CYP337B3 can metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Neither parental enzyme has the ability to metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Sequence analysis revealed a distinct CYP337B3 allele (CYP337B3v2) in the Pakistani population and three distinct alleles in the Chinese populations (CYP337B3v2 CYP337B3v3 CYP337B3v4) that differ from the Australian allele (CYP337B3v1) by a number of synonymous and non-synonymous SNPs in addition to variability of the intron sequence and size. This variation may result from different crossing-over positions during recombination of the CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 parental genes with different alleles of CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 involved in the crossing-over.
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
CYP337B3
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP337B3
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; pyrethroid)
Coding,
Complex Change
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Han Yangchun; Yu Wanting; Zhang Weiqing ; et al. (2015
)
Variation in P450-mediated fenvalerate resistance levels is not correlated with CYP337B3 genotype in[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002481
CYP337B3
A0A0H3V333
Physiology
The P450 chimeric gene CYP337B3 arose from unequal crossing-over between two parental P450 genes CYP337B2 and CYP337B1 . CYP337B3 can metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Neither parental enzyme has the ability to metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Sequence analysis revealed a distinct CYP337B3 allele (CYP337B3v2) in the Pakistani population and three distinct alleles in the Chinese populations (CYP337B3v2 CYP337B3v3 CYP337B3v4) that differ from the Australian allele (CYP337B3v1) by a number of synonymous and non-synonymous SNPs in addition to variability of the intron sequence and size. This variation may result from different crossing-over positions during recombination of the CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 parental genes with different alleles of CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 involved in the crossing-over.
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
CYP337B3
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP337B3
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; pyrethroid)
Coding,
Complex Change
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Walsh TK; Joussen N; Tian K ; et al. (2018)
Multiple recombination events between two cytochrome P450 loci contribute to global pyrethroid resis[...]
GP00002482
CYP337B3
A0A0H3V333
Physiology
The P450 chimeric gene CYP337B3 arose from unequal crossing-over between two parental P450 genes CYP337B2 and CYP337B1 . CYP337B3 can metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Neither parental enzyme has the ability to metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Distinct alleles resulting from different crossing-overs within the CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 parental genes with different alleles of CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 involved in the crossing-overs.
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
CYP337B3
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP337B3
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; pyrethroid)
Coding,
Complex Change
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Walsh TK; Joussen N; Tian K ; et al. (2018)
Multiple recombination events between two cytochrome P450 loci contribute to global pyrethroid resis[...]
GP00002483
CYP337B3
A0A0H3V333
Physiology
The P450 chimeric gene CYP337B3 arose from unequal crossing-over between two parental P450 genes CYP337B2 and CYP337B1 . CYP337B3 can metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Neither parental enzyme has the ability to metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Distinct alleles resulting from different crossing-overs within the CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 parental genes with different alleles of CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 involved in the crossing-overs.
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
CYP337B3
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP337B3
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; pyrethroid)
Coding,
Complex Change
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Walsh TK; Joussen N; Tian K ; et al. (2018)
Multiple recombination events between two cytochrome P450 loci contribute to global pyrethroid resis[...]
GP00002484
CYP337B3
A0A0H3V333
Physiology
The P450 chimeric gene CYP337B3 arose from unequal crossing-over between two parental P450 genes CYP337B2 and CYP337B1 . CYP337B3 can metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Neither parental enzyme has the ability to metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Distinct alleles resulting from different crossing-overs within the CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 parental genes with different alleles of CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 involved in the crossing-overs.
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
CYP337B3
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP6ER1
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; imidacloprid)
Coding,
Complex Change
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Zimmer CT; Garrood WT; Singh KS ; et al. (2018)
Neofunctionalization of Duplicated P450 Genes Drives the Evolution of Insecticide Resistance in the [...]
GP00002474
cyp6er1
A0A2I8B6P1
Physiology
A375del+A376G
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species)
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species) D
CYP6ER1
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
DDB1
Resistance to UV irradiation (sun exposure to skin)
Cis-regulatory,
Complex Change
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Intraspecific
Association Mapping
Crawford NG; Kelly DE; Hansen MEB ; et al. (2017)
Loci associated with skin pigmentation identified in African populations.
GP00001363
DDB1
Q16531
Morphology
most strongly associated SNPs are located in a region conserved across vertebrates flanked by TMEM138 and TMEM216 ~36 to 44 kb upstream of DDB1 and in high LD ; includes rs7948623 located 172 bp downstream of TMEM138 which shows enhancer activity in melanoma cells and interacts with the promoters of DDB1
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
DDB1
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Doublesex
Bristle number (male sex comb tooth number)
Cis-regulatory,
Complex Change
obscura group
(species group)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Tanaka K; Barmina O; Sanders LE ; et al. (2011)
Evolution of sex-specific traits through changes in HOX-dependent doublesex expression.
GP00000235
dsx
P23023
Morphology
Acquisition of Scr binding sites in enhancer
Sophophora
(subgenus)
obscura group
(species group)
Doublesex
obscura group
(species group)
Published - Accepted by Curator
EDN3
Coloration (hyperpigmentation)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Dorshorst B; Molin AM; Rubin CJ ; et al. (2011)
A complex genomic rearrangement involving the endothelin 3 locus causes dermal hyperpigmentation in [...]
3 Additional References
GP00000258
EDN3
P14138
Morphology
Large duplication
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
EDN3
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ENA1-2-5 cluster
Salt tolerance (experimental evolution)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Experimental Evolution
Association Mapping
Anderson JB; Funt J; Thompson DA ; et al. (2010)
Determinants of divergent adaptation and Dobzhansky-Muller interaction in experimental yeast populat[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000265
ENA1
P13587
Physiology
uncharacterized expansion
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
ENA1-2-5 cluster
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ENA1-2-5 cluster
Salt tolerance (experimental evolution)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species) D
Experimental Evolution
Association Mapping
Kohn LM; Anderson JB (2014)
The underlying structure of adaptation under strong selection in 12 experimental yeast populations.
GP00000266
ENA1
P13587
Physiology
uncharacterized expansion
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species) D
ENA1-2-5 cluster
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase B1
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; benzoylurea)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Culex tritaeniorhynchus
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Karunaratne SH; Vaughan A; Paton MG ; et al. (1998)
Amplification of a serine esterase gene is involved in insecticide resistance in Sri Lankan Culex tr[...]
GP00000290
B1
P16854
Physiology
Whole gene amplification
Culex tritaeniorhynchus
(species)
Culex tritaeniorhynchus
(species) D
esterase B1
Culex tritaeniorhynchus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase B1 + esterase A
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Rooker S; Guillemaud T; Bergé J ; et al. (1996)
Coamplification of esterase A and B genes as a single unit in Culex pipiens mosquitoes.
GP00000291
B1
P16854
Physiology
Amplification of a region containing both genes
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species)
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species) D
esterase B1 + esterase A
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase B1 = esterase beta1
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Mouchès C; Pasteur N; Bergé JB ; et al. (1986)
Amplification of an esterase gene is responsible for insecticide resistance in a California Culex mo[...]
3 Additional References
GP00000292
B1
P16854
Physiology
Amplification of esterase B1 only
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species)
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species) D
esterase B1 = esterase beta1
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase E4
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Field LM; Devonshire AL; Forde BG (1988)
Molecular evidence that insecticide resistance in peach-potato aphids (Myzus persicae Sulz.) results[...]
2 Additional References
GP00000293
P35501
Physiology
Whole gene amplification. Amplification of the E4 gene is closely linked to a chromosomal translocation (the autosomal 1-3 translocation event) and amplified genes are situated at a single heterozygous site on autosome 3 as a tandem array of head-to-tail amplicons.
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
esterase E4
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Fezf2
Cerebral cortex layered organization
Cis-regulatory,
Complex Change
Mammalia
mammals - (class) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Shim S; Kwan KY; Li M ; et al. (2012)
Cis-regulatory control of corticospinal system development and evolution.
GP00000307
Fezf2
Q9ESP5
Morphology
Acquisition of SOX binding sites in enhancer E4
Amniota
amniotes - (no rank)
Mammalia
mammals - (class) D
Fezf2
Mammalia
mammals - (class)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FGF3; FGF4; FGF19; ORAOV1
Coloration (coat; dog Ridgeback phenotype)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Salmon Hillbertz NH; Isaksson M; Karlsson EK ; et al. (2007)
Duplication of FGF3, FGF4, FGF19 and ORAOV1 causes hair ridge and predisposition to dermoid sinus in[...]
GP00000308
FGF4
J9P3I7
Morphology
Gene duplication
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
FGF3; FGF4; FGF19; ORAOV1
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
flavonoid 3';5'-hydroxylase (F3'5'H)
Coloration (flowers)
Gene Loss,
Complex Change
N
Iochroma cyaneum
(species)
Interspecific
Linkage Mapping
Smith SD; Rausher MD (2011)
Gene loss and parallel evolution contribute to species difference in flower color.
GP00000324
CYP75A2
P37120
Morphology
Large deletion N
Iochroma cyaneum
(species)
Iochroma cyaneum
(species)
flavonoid 3';5'-hydroxylase (F3'5'H)
Iochroma cyaneum
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FLM (MAF1)
Flowering time
Gene Loss,
Complex Change
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Intraspecific
Linkage Mapping
Werner JD; Borevitz JO; Warthmann N ; et al. (2005)
Quantitative trait locus mapping and DNA array hybridization identify an FLM deletion as a cause for[...]
GP00000341
AGL27
Q9AT76
Physiology
Deletion of entire gene N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
FLM (MAF1)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FMO1
Xenobiotic resistance
Host plant specialization
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Tyria jacobaeae
cinnabar moth - (species)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Sehlmeyer S; Wang L; Langel D ; et al. (2010)
Flavin-dependent monooxygenases as a detoxification mechanism in insects: new insights from the arct[...]
GP00000348
Fmo-1
Q9W1E9
Physiology
Physiology
Gene duplication
Lepidoptera
butterflies and moths - (order)
Tyria jacobaeae
cinnabar moth - (species)
FMO1
Tyria jacobaeae
cinnabar moth - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
fog-2
Fertility (self-fertility; hermaphrodite spermatogenesis)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Nayak S; Goree J; Schedl T (2005)
fog-2 and the evolution of self-fertile hermaphroditism in Caenorhabditis.
GP00000349
fog-2
Q2YS43
Physiology
Gene birth by duplication of an ancestral gene ; FOG-2 binds the translational regulator GLD-1 and promotes spermatogenesis ; see also tra-2 entry and associated references
Caenorhabditis briggsae
(species)
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species)
fog-2
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GAL1
Carbohydrate metabolism (galactose)
Cis-regulatory,
Complex Change
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Hittinger CT; Carroll SB (2007)
Gene duplication and the adaptive evolution of a classic genetic switch.
GP00000385
GAL1
P09608
Physiology
Helical phasing of GAL4 elements in promoter region following duplication
Kluyveromyces lactis
(species)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
GAL1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GLUD2 retrogene
Gene expression change (novel expression domain in testicles and brain)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Hominidae
great apes - (family) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Burki F; Kaessmann H (2004)
Birth and adaptive evolution of a hominoid gene that supports high neurotransmitter flux.
1 Additional References
GP00000405
GLUD2
P49448
Physiology
Retroduplication; + E7K enhancing mitochondrial targeting
Mammalia
mammals - (class)
Hominidae
great apes - (family) D
GLUD2 retrogene
Hominidae
great apes - (family)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Gulo
Vitamin-C synthesis (loss)
Coding,
Complex Change
N
Cavia porcellus
domestic guinea pig - (species)
Intergeneric or Higher
Association Mapping
Hiller M; Schaar BT; Indjeian VB ; et al. (2012)
A "forward genomics" approach links genotype to phenotype using independent phenotypic losses among [...]
GP00000420
Gulo
P58710
Physiology
pseudogenization involving invalidating mutations at most exons N
Mammalia
mammals - (class)
Cavia porcellus
domestic guinea pig - (species)
Gulo
Cavia porcellus
domestic guinea pig - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Gulo
Vitamin-C synthesis (loss)
Coding,
Complex Change
N
Myotis lucifugus
little brown bat - (species)
Intergeneric or Higher
Association Mapping
Hiller M; Schaar BT; Indjeian VB ; et al. (2012)
A "forward genomics" approach links genotype to phenotype using independent phenotypic losses among [...]
GP00000421
Gulo
P58710
Physiology
pseudogenization N
Mammalia
mammals - (class)
Myotis lucifugus
little brown bat - (species)
Gulo
Myotis lucifugus
little brown bat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Gulo
Vitamin-C synthesis (loss)
Coding,
Complex Change
N
Primates
(order)
Intergeneric or Higher
Association Mapping
Hiller M; Schaar BT; Indjeian VB ; et al. (2012)
A "forward genomics" approach links genotype to phenotype using independent phenotypic losses among [...]
GP00000422
Gulo
P58710
Physiology
pseudogenization N
Mammalia
mammals - (class)
Primates
(order)
Gulo
Primates
(order)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Gulo
Vitamin-C synthesis (loss)
Coding,
Complex Change
N
Pteropus vampyrus
large flying fox - (species)
Intergeneric or Higher
Association Mapping
Hiller M; Schaar BT; Indjeian VB ; et al. (2012)
A "forward genomics" approach links genotype to phenotype using independent phenotypic losses among [...]
GP00000423
Gulo
P58710
Physiology
pseudogenization N
Mammalia
mammals - (class)
Pteropus vampyrus
large flying fox - (species)
Gulo
Pteropus vampyrus
large flying fox - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
HAC1 (=ATQ1)
Xenobiotic resistance (soil contamination; arsenate)
Unknown,
Complex Change
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Intraspecific
Linkage Mapping
Sánchez-Bermejo E; Castrillo G; del Llano B ; et al. (2014)
Natural variation in arsenate tolerance identifies an arsenate reductase in Arabidopsis thaliana.
1 Additional References
GP00000434
HAC1
Q9C5X9
Physiology
Coding variation and differential gene expression in roots
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
HAC1 (=ATQ1)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
heavy metal atpase3 (HMA3)
Metal tolerance
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Noccaea caerulescens
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Ueno D; Milner MJ; Yamaji N ; et al. (2011)
Elevated expression of TcHMA3 plays a key role in the extreme Cd tolerance in a Cd-hyperaccumulating[...]
GP00000446
HMA3
P0CW78
Physiology
Copy number Variant
Noccaea caerulescens
(species)
Noccaea caerulescens
(species)
heavy metal atpase3 (HMA3)
Noccaea caerulescens
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
heavy metal atpase4 (HMA4)
Metal tolerance
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Arabidopsis halleri
(species)
Interspecific
Linkage Mapping
Hanikenne M; Talke IN; Haydon MJ ; et al. (2008)
Evolution of metal hyperaccumulation required cis-regulatory changes and triplication of HMA4.
1 Additional References
GP00000448
HMA4
O64474
Physiology
Gene duplication
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis halleri
(species)
heavy metal atpase4 (HMA4)
Arabidopsis halleri
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Hs1 = pro-1
Pathogen resistance (parasite, nematodes) (nematodes)
Gene Loss,
Complex Change
N
Beta vulgaris
(species)
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Cai D; Kleine M; Kifle S ; et al. (1997)
Positional cloning of a gene for nematode resistance in sugar beet.
GP00000490
HSPRO1
Q9LY61
Physiology
cDNA sequence lacking in genomic DNA N
Patellifolia
(genus)
Beta vulgaris
(species)
Hs1 = pro-1
Beta vulgaris
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
HXT6/7
Low-glucose adaptation (experimental evolution)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Experimental Evolution
Association Mapping
Brown CJ; Todd KM; Rosenzweig RF (1998)
Multiple duplications of yeast hexose transport genes in response to selection in a glucose-limited [...]
4 Additional References
GP00000494
HXT6
P39003
Physiology
expansion by inequal recombination between HXT6 and HXT7 (99% nucleotide similarity) ; replicated in two independent studies and in multiple lines
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
HXT6/7
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Durkin K; Coppieters W; Drögemüller C ; et al. (2012)
Serial translocation by means of circular intermediates underlies colour sidedness in cattle.
GP00000514
Kit
P05532
Morphology
Copy Number Variation of <600kb segments encompassing KIT
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Brenig B; Beck J; Floren C ; et al. (2013)
Molecular genetics of coat colour variations in White Galloway and White Park cattle.
GP00001345
Kit
P05532
Morphology
duplication and aberrant insertion on chromosome 29
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Küttel L; Letko A; Häfliger IM ; et al. (2019)
A complex structural variant at the KIT locus in cattle with the Pinzgauer spotting pattern.
1 Additional References
GP00002197
Kit
P05532
Morphology
Complex chromosomal rearragements including a ~310-kb duplication
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) [pseudoreplicate with two Bos taurus KIT entries]
Coloration (coat)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Bos grunniens
domestic yak - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Zhang MQ; Xu X; Luo SJ (2014)
The genetics of brown coat color and white spotting in domestic yaks (Bos grunniens).
GP00001342
Kit
P05532
Morphology
serial translocations Cs6 and Cs29
Bos grunniens
domestic yak - (species)
Bos grunniens
domestic yak - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) [pseudoreplicate with two Bos taurus KIT entries]
Bos grunniens
domestic yak - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) [pseudoreplicate with two Bos taurus KIT entries]
Coloration (coat)
Unknown,
Complex Change
Bos grunniens
domestic yak - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Zhang MQ; Xu X; Luo SJ (2014)
The genetics of brown coat color and white spotting in domestic yaks (Bos grunniens).
GP00001343
Kit
P05532
Morphology
haplotype Swf (indels and SNP)
Bos grunniens
domestic yak - (species)
Bos grunniens
domestic yak - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) [pseudoreplicate with two Bos taurus KIT entries]
Bos grunniens
domestic yak - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
LEU2
Xenobiotic resistance
Gene Loss,
Complex Change
N
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Perlstein EO; Ruderfer DM; Roberts DC ; et al. (2007)
Genetic basis of individual differences in the response to small-molecule drugs in yeast.
GP00000542
LEU2
P04173
Physiology
Deletion N
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
LEU2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Lr21
Pathogen resistance
Coding,
Complex Change
Triticum aestivum
bread wheat - (species)
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Huang L; Brooks S; Li W ; et al. (2009)
Evolution of new disease specificity at a simple resistance locus in a crop-weed complex: reconstitu[...]
GP00000551
C5ID17
Physiology
Novel pathogen specificity resulting from chimerism of the parental alleles after intragenic recombination
Triticum aestivum
bread wheat - (species)
Triticum aestivum
bread wheat - (species)
Lr21
Triticum aestivum
bread wheat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Gene Loss,
Complex Change
N
Cavia porcellus
domestic guinea pig - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Cone RD; Lu D; Koppula S ; et al. (1996)
The melanocortin receptors: agonists, antagonists, and the hormonal control of pigmentation.
GP00000575
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
Deletion of part or all of gene N
Cavia porcellus
domestic guinea pig - (species)
Cavia porcellus
domestic guinea pig - (species) D
MC1R
Cavia porcellus
domestic guinea pig - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC4R
Sexual maturation (onset)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Xiphophorus maculatus
southern platyfish - (species)
Intraspecific
Linkage Mapping
Lampert KP; Schmidt C; Fischer P ; et al. (2010)
Determination of onset of sexual maturation and mating behavior by melanocortin receptor 4 polymorph[...]
GP00000638
mc4r
B0V1P1
Physiology
unknown in the species used in crosses but a strong coreelation of gene copy number is found with the phenotype in two closely related species
Xiphophorus maculatus
southern platyfish - (species)
Xiphophorus maculatus
southern platyfish - (species)
MC4R
Xiphophorus maculatus
southern platyfish - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Melanophilin (MLPH)
Coloration (feathers)
Unknown,
Complex Change
Coturnix japonica
Japanese quail - (species)
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Minvielle F; Cecchi T; Passamonti P ; et al. (2009)
Plumage colour mutations and melanins in the feathers of the Japanese quail: a first comparison.
1 Additional References
GP00000650
Mlph
Q91V27
Morphology
Large deletions and rearrangement with pseudogenization of MLPH and loss of two other genes
Coturnix japonica
Japanese quail - (species)
Coturnix japonica
Japanese quail - (species)
Melanophilin (MLPH)
Coturnix japonica
Japanese quail - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MEP2
Salt tolerance (experimental evolution; low ammonium)
Other,
Complex Change
Saccharomyces uvarum
(species)
Experimental Evolution
Association Mapping
Dunn B; Paulish T; Stanbery A ; et al. (2013)
Recurrent rearrangement during adaptive evolution in an interspecific yeast hybrid suggests a model [...]
GP00000651
MEP2
P41948
Physiology
Chimeric gene in diploid hybrids formed by recombination between the parental alleles
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Saccharomyces uvarum
(species)
MEP2
Saccharomyces uvarum
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
metal tolerance protein1
Metal tolerance
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Arabidopsis halleri
(species) D
Interspecific
Linkage Mapping
Dräger DB; Desbrosses-Fonrouge AG; Krach C ; et al. (2004)
Two genes encoding Arabidopsis halleri MTP1 metal transport proteins co-segregate with zinc toleranc[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000652
MTP1
Q9ZT63
Physiology
Copy number Variant
Arabidopsis lyrata
(species)
Arabidopsis halleri
(species) D
metal tolerance protein1
Arabidopsis halleri
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
metallothionein (Mtn)
Metal tolerance
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Otto E; Young JE; Maroni G (1986)
Structure and expression of a tandem duplication of the Drosophila metallothionein gene.
1 Additional References
GP00000653
MtnA
P04357
Physiology
Gene duplication
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
metallothionein (Mtn)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
metallothionein CUP1
Metal tolerance (copper)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species) D
Experimental Evolution
Association Mapping
Gerstein AC; Ono J; Lo DS ; et al. (2015)
Too much of a good thing: the unique and repeated paths toward copper adaptation.
GP00001289
CUP1-1
P0CX80
Physiology
Gene duplication
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species) D
metallothionein CUP1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MFSD12
Coloration (skin)
Cis-regulatory,
Complex Change
N
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Intraspecific
Association Mapping
Crawford NG; Kelly DE; Hansen MEB ; et al. (2017)
Loci associated with skin pigmentation identified in African populations.
GP00002246
MFSD12
Q6NUT3
Morphology
eight potentially causal SNPs cluster in two regions: one within MFSD12 (intronic SNP and synonymous SNP in exon 9) and the other ~7600 to 9000 base pairs (bp) upstream of MFSD12 ; many SNPs are in predicted regulatory regions active in melanocytes and/or keratinocytes show enhancer activity in luciferase expression assays N
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
MFSD12
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Mlana
Coloration (feathers ; white-spotting)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Columba livia
rock pigeon - (species) D
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Bruders R; Van Hollebeke H; Osborne EJ ; et al. (2020)
A copy number variant is associated with a spectrum of pigmentation patterns in the rock pigeon (Col[...]
GP00002342
MLANA
Q16655
Morphology
CNV with 7 copies of the outer 77-kb segment and 14 copies of the inner 25-kb segment in the genomes of female (ZStW) Almond pigeons
Columba livia
rock pigeon - (species)
Columba livia
rock pigeon - (species) D
Mlana
Columba livia
rock pigeon - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
pdm3
Coloration (female abdomen)
Cis-regulatory,
Complex Change
Drosophila serrata
(species) D
Intraspecific
Linkage Mapping
Yassin A; Delaney EK; Reddiex AJ ; et al. (2016)
The pdm3 Locus Is a Hotspot for Recurrent Evolution of Female-Limited Color Dimorphism in Drosophila[...]
GP00001400
pdm3
A0A0B4LEG2
Morphology
1st intron variant divergent in length and sequence. Dark haplotype contains four tandem sets of three motifs.
Drosophila serrata
(species)
Drosophila serrata
(species) D
pdm3
Drosophila serrata
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
POLLED locus
Horns absence
Cis-regulatory,
Complex Change
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Bos grunniens
domestic yak - (species) D
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Medugorac I; Graf A; Grohs C ; et al. (2017)
Whole-genome analysis of introgressive hybridization and characterization of the bovine legacy of Mo[...]
GP00002030
Morphology
a complex 219-bp duplication–insertion (P219ID) beginning at 1;976;128 bp and a 7-bp deletion and 6-bp insertion (P1ID) located 621 bp upstream of this position. This rearrangement results in duplication of an 11-bp motif (5′-AAAGAAGCAAA-3′) that is entirely conserved among Bovidae and that is also duplicated in the 80-kb duplication responsible for Friesian polledness.
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Bos grunniens
domestic yak - (species) D
POLLED locus
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Bos grunniens
domestic yak - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Rhg1
Pathogen resistance (cyst nematode)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Glycine max
soybean - (species)
Intraspecific
Linkage Mapping
Cook DE; Lee TG; Guo X ; et al. (2012)
Copy number variation of multiple genes at Rhg1 mediates nematode resistance in soybean.
GP00000985
rhg1s
Q8L3Y5
Physiology
Copy number Variant : 10-tandem copies of the gene cluster in resistant strains ; the 3 dissimilar genes participate to resistance
Glycine max
soybean - (species)
Glycine max
soybean - (species)
Rhg1
Glycine max
soybean - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
RLM1
Pathogen resistance
Gene Loss,
Complex Change
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Intraspecific
Linkage Mapping
Staal J; Kaliff M; Bohman S ; et al. (2006)
Transgressive segregation reveals two Arabidopsis TIR-NB-LRR resistance genes effective against Lept[...]
GP00000991
RLM1A
F4I594
Physiology
Digenic; deletion of gene1 and premature stop codons in gene2 N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
RLM1
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
RLM2 cluster
Pathogen resistance
Gene Loss,
Complex Change
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Intraspecific
Linkage Mapping
Staal J; Kaliff M; Bohman S ; et al. (2006)
Transgressive segregation reveals two Arabidopsis TIR-NB-LRR resistance genes effective against Lept[...]
GP00000992
RLM1B
Q9CAK1
Physiology
the locus contains two paralogues; one of which is deleted and the other pseudogenized in Ler-0 N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
RLM2 cluster
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
RLM3
Pathogen resistance
Gene Loss,
Complex Change
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Intraspecific
Linkage Mapping
Staal J; Kaliff M; Dewaele E ; et al. (2008)
RLM3, a TIR domain encoding gene involved in broad-range immunity of Arabidopsis to necrotrophic fun[...]
GP00000993
RLM3
Q9FT77
Physiology
gene deletion N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
RLM3
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Rp1-D
Pathogen resistance
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Zea mays
(species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Collins N; Drake J; Ayliffe M ; et al. (1999)
Molecular characterization of the maize Rp1-D rust resistance haplotype and its mutants.
2 Additional References
GP00000998
Rp1-D
Q9SWU0
Physiology
Unequal crossing over between paralogues resulting in chimeric gene
Zea mays
(species)
Zea mays
(species)
Rp1-D
Zea mays
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
RPM1
Pathogen resistance
Gene Loss,
Complex Change
N
Brassica napus
rape - (species)
Intraspecific
Linkage Mapping
Grant MR; McDowell JM; Sharpe AG ; et al. (1998)
Independent deletions of a pathogen-resistance gene in Brassica and Arabidopsis.
GP00001001
RPM1
Q39214
Physiology
deletion N
Brassica napus
rape - (species)
Brassica napus
rape - (species)
RPM1
Brassica napus
rape - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
RPP1
Hybrid incompatibility
Unknown,
Complex Change
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Intraspecific
Linkage Mapping
Alcázar R; von Reth M; Bautor J ; et al. (2014)
Analysis of a plant complex resistance gene locus underlying immune-related hybrid incompatibility a[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001281
RPP1
F4J339
Physiology
complex
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
RPP1
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
RPP1
Hybrid incompatibility
Unknown,
Complex Change
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Intraspecific
Linkage Mapping
Alcázar R; von Reth M; Bautor J ; et al. (2014)
Analysis of a plant complex resistance gene locus underlying immune-related hybrid incompatibility a[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001282
RPP1
F4J339
Physiology
complex
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
RPP1
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
RPP5
Pathogen resistance
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Intraspecific
Linkage Mapping
Parker JE; Coleman MJ; Szabò V ; et al. (1997)
The Arabidopsis downy mildew resistance gene RPP5 shares similarity to the toll and interleukin-1 re[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001009
RPP5
F4JNB7
Physiology
Partial duplication sufficient to increase resistance
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
RPP5
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
RPP8
Pathogen resistance
Coding,
Complex Change
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Intraspecific
Linkage Mapping
McDowell JM; Dhandaydham M; Long TA ; et al. (1998)
Intragenic recombination and diversifying selection contribute to the evolution of downy mildew resi[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001010
RPP8
Q8W4J9
Physiology
Chimeric fusion of two paralogues followed by coding divergence
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
RPP8
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
RPS5
Pathogen resistance
Gene Loss,
Complex Change
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Intraspecific
Linkage Mapping
Henk AD; Warren RF; Innes RW (1999)
A new Ac-like transposon of Arabidopsis is associated with a deletion of the RPS5 disease resistance[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001014
RPS5
O64973
Physiology
Deletion N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
RPS5
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
S locus supergene (GLO/CFB Cluster)
Flower morphology (heterostyly)
Other,
Complex Change
Primula vulgaris
(species)
Intraspecific
Linkage Mapping
Li J; Cocker JM; Wright J ; et al. (2016)
Genetic architecture and evolution of the S locus supergene in Primula vulgaris.
GP00001392
Morphology
Absence/presence of a supergene constituted by a cluster of 6 genes
Primula vulgaris
(species)
Primula vulgaris
(species)
S locus supergene (GLO/CFB Cluster)
Primula vulgaris
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
S5 (ORF3-ORF4-ORF5 gene complex)
Hybrid incompatibility (sterility)
Coding,
Complex Change
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Yang J; Zhao X; Cheng K ; et al. (2012)
A killer-protector system regulates both hybrid sterility and segregation distortion in rice.
GP00001021
GRXS5
Q5QLR2
Physiology
System of alleles at three linked genes resulting in killer-protector system (hybrid incompabilitites)
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
S5 (ORF3-ORF4-ORF5 gene complex)
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Sdic gene cluster
Fertility (sperm competition; sperm competence)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Nurminsky DI; Nurminskaya MV; De Aguiar D ; et al. (1998)
Selective sweep of a newly evolved sperm-specific gene in Drosophila.
1 Additional References
GP00001032
Sdic1
Q9W5W4
Physiology
Gene duplication
melanogaster subgroup
(species subgroup)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Sdic gene cluster
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Shattering1 - Sh1
Seed shattering
Coding,
Complex Change
Sorghum bicolor
sorghum - (species)
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Lin Z; Li X; Shannon LM ; et al. (2012)
Parallel domestication of the Shattering1 genes in cereals.
GP00001041
YAB2
Q10FZ7
Physiology
two promoter variants at positions -1194 and -1185
Sorghum virgatum
(species)
Sorghum bicolor
sorghum - (species)
Shattering1 - Sh1
Sorghum bicolor
sorghum - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Shattering1 - ZmSh1-1
Seed shattering
Coding,
Complex Change
Zea mays
(species)
Domesticated
Association Mapping
Lin Z; Li X; Shannon LM ; et al. (2012)
Parallel domestication of the Shattering1 genes in cereals.
GP00001043
YAB2
Q10FZ7
Physiology
complex structural variations
Zea mays
(species)
Zea mays
(species)
Shattering1 - ZmSh1-1
Zea mays
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SIGLEC13
Pathogen resistance
Gene Loss,
Complex Change
N
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Wang X; Mitra N; Secundino I ; et al. (2012)
Specific inactivation of two immunomodulatory SIGLEC genes during human evolution.
GP00001052
SIGLEC13
Q64JA4
Physiology
Gene deletion by Alu-mediated recombination N
Primates
(order)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
SIGLEC13
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SLC45A2=MATP
Coloration (albinism)
Cis-regulatory,
Complex Change
Oryzias latipes
Japanese medaka - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Fukamachi S; Kinoshita M; Tsujimura T ; et al. (2008)
Rescue from oculocutaneous albinism type 4 using medaka slc45a2 cDNA driven by its own promoter.
GP00002287
SLC45A2
Q9UMX9
Morphology
Promoter complex change resulting in loss of expression : an inversion of 167 bp ; an insertion of 48 bp ; and a deletion of 172 bp
Oryzias latipes
Japanese medaka - (species)
Oryzias latipes
Japanese medaka - (species) D
SLC45A2=MATP
Oryzias latipes
Japanese medaka - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SRF3
Hybrid Incompatibility
Unknown,
Complex Change
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Intraspecific
Linkage Mapping
Alcázar R; García AV; Kronholm I ; et al. (2010)
Natural variation at Strubbelig Receptor Kinase 3 drives immune-triggered incompatibilities between [...]
1 Additional References
GP00001072
SRF3
Q6R2K3
Physiology
Complex haplotype
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
SRF3
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SRF3
Hybrid Incompatibility
Unknown,
Complex Change
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Intraspecific
Linkage Mapping
Alcázar R; García AV; Kronholm I ; et al. (2010)
Natural variation at Strubbelig Receptor Kinase 3 drives immune-triggered incompatibilities between [...]
1 Additional References
GP00001073
SRF3
Q6R2K3
Physiology
Complex haplotype
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
SRF3
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SRGAP2
Neuronal maturation
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Primates
(order)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Charrier C; Joshi K; Coutinho-Budd J ; et al. (2012)
Inhibition of SRGAP2 function by its human-specific paralogs induces neoteny during spine maturation[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001077
Srgap2
Q91Z67
Physiology
Partial duplications (negative alleles)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Primates
(order)
SRGAP2
Primates
(order)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SUL1
Low-sulfate adaptation (experimental evolution)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Experimental Evolution
Association Mapping
Gresham D; Desai MM; Tucker CM ; et al. (2008)
The repertoire and dynamics of evolutionary adaptations to controlled nutrient-limited environments [...]
1 Additional References
GP00001083
SUL1
P38359
Physiology
out of 16 lines; 15 distinct SUL1 amplification alleles evolved. Copy number ranged from 2 to 16 ; Amplicon size ranged from 2.5kb to 40kb
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
SUL1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SUN
Fruit shape
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Solanum lycopersicum
tomato - (species)
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Xiao H; Jiang N; Schaffner E ; et al. (2008)
A retrotransposon-mediated gene duplication underlies morphological variation of tomato fruit.
GP00001084
100147716
B1N669
Morphology
Gene duplication
Solanum pimpinellifolium
(species)
Solanum lycopersicum
tomato - (species)
SUN
Solanum lycopersicum
tomato - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
TAC1
Xenobiotic resistance
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Candida albicans
(species) D
Intraspecific
Association Mapping
Coste A; Selmecki A; Forche A ; et al. (2007)
Genotypic evolution of azole resistance mechanisms in sequential Candida albicans isolates.
GP00001091
TAC1
A7IZW4
Physiology
Copy number Variant
Candida albicans
(species)
Candida albicans
(species) D
TAC1
Candida albicans
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
TLR6-TLR1-TLR10 cluster
Immune response
Unknown,
Complex Change
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Intraspecific
Association Mapping
Laayouni H; Oosting M; Luisi P ; et al. (2014)
Convergent evolution in European and Rroma populations reveals pressure exerted by plague on Toll-li[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001130
TLR1
Q15399
Physiology
Several Complex Haplotypes under positive selection - evidence on Adaptive Introgression from Neanderthal (2 haplotypes) and Denisova (1 haplotype)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
TLR6-TLR1-TLR10 cluster
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
TSA2
Xenobiotic resistance (hydrogen peroxide)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species) D
Experimental Evolution
Linkage Mapping
Linder RA; Greco JP; Seidl F ; et al. (2017)
The Stress-Inducible Peroxidase TSA2 Underlies a Conditionally Beneficial Chromosomal Duplication in[...]
GP00001831
TSA2
Q04120
Physiology
Chromosome 4 whole duplication. Using a genetic mapping strategy that involves systematically deleting segments of a duplicated chromosome; the authors show that the chromosome IV’s duplication effect is largely due to the generation of a second copy of the stress-inducible cytoplasmic thioredoxin peroxidase TSA2.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species) D
TSA2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
VvMybA1 VvMybA2 VvMybA3 and VvMybA4
Coloration (fruit)
Gene Loss,
Complex Change
N
Vitis vinifera
wine grape - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Carbonell-Bejerano P; Royo C; Torres-Pérez R ; et al. (2017)
Catastrophic Unbalanced Genome Rearrangements Cause Somatic Loss of Berry Color in Grapevine.
GP00002098
VvmybA3
Q6L9M7
Morphology
catastrophic genome rearrangement: intrachromosomal and interchromosomal translocations and the deletion of 313 genes including the loss of the functional copy for the MYB transcription factors required for anthocyanin pigmentation in the berry skin N
Vitis vinifera
wine grape - (species)
Vitis vinifera
wine grape - (species) D
VvMybA1 VvMybA2 VvMybA3 and VvMybA4
Vitis vinifera
wine grape - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Wnt1
Coloration (larval color pattern)
Cis-regulatory,
Complex Change
Bombyx mori
domestic silkworm - (species) D
Domesticated
Linkage Mapping
Yamaguchi J; Banno Y; Mita K ; et al. (2013)
Periodic Wnt1 expression in response to ecdysteroid generates twin-spot markings on caterpillars.
2 Additional References
GP00001385
wg
P09615
Morphology
Fine-resolution mapping of a 34kb regulatory region driving Ecdysteroid-dependent Wnt gain-of-function. The L-specific structural variations upstream of Wnt1-1 may cause its ectopic expression in the spot marking region of the epidermis, resulting in the L phenotype.
Bombyx mori
domestic silkworm - (species)
Bombyx mori
domestic silkworm - (species) D
Wnt1
Bombyx mori
domestic silkworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator