Gephebase

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Gene	Trait	Mutation	Taxon B	Taxonomic Status	Evidence	Main Reference	Gephe ID	UniProtKB	Trait Category	Mutation Details	Taxon A	Taxon B	Edit Gene-GePhe	Taxon B	Status
18-wheeler	Pathogen resistance	Unknown, Unknown	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Lazzaro BP; Sackton TB; Clark AG (2006) Genetic variation in Drosophila melanogaster resistance to infection: a comparison across bacteria.	GP00000001	18w A1ZBR2	Physiology	unknown	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	18-wheeler	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ABC transporter pvmrp1	Xenobiotic resistance (multiresistance to antimalarial drugs)	Unknown, Unknown	Plasmodium vivax malaria parasite P. vivax - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Pearson RD; Amato R; Auburn S ; et al. (2016) Genomic analysis of local variation and recent evolution in Plasmodium vivax.	GP00001486	PVX_097025 A5KCN4	Physiology	unknown	Plasmodium vivax malaria parasite P. vivax - (species)	Plasmodium vivax malaria parasite P. vivax - (species)	ABC transporter pvmrp1	Plasmodium vivax malaria parasite P. vivax - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ABCA2	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry2Ab toxin)	Coding, Indel N	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Tay WT; Mahon RJ; Heckel DG ; et al. (2015) Insect Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Toxin Cry2Ab Is Conferred by Mutations in an ABC Transpo[...]	GP00000002	ABCA2 A0A0S0G7V0	Physiology	65bp indel in exon16 inducing a frameshift N	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species)	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species) D	ABCA2	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ABCA2	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry2Ab toxin)	Coding, Deletion N	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Tay WT; Mahon RJ; Heckel DG ; et al. (2015) Insect Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Toxin Cry2Ab Is Conferred by Mutations in an ABC Transpo[...]	GP00000003	ABCA2 A0A0S0G7V0	Physiology	5bp deletion inducing a frameshift N	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species)	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species) D	ABCA2	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ABCA2	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry2Ab toxin)	Coding, Insertion N	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Tay WT; Mahon RJ; Heckel DG ; et al. (2015) Insect Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Toxin Cry2Ab Is Conferred by Mutations in an ABC Transpo[...]	GP00000004	ABCA2 A0A0S0G7V0	Physiology	5bp (GAATA) nucleotide duplication inducing a frameshift N	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species)	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species) D	ABCA2	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ABCA2	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry2Ab toxin)	Coding, Insertion N	Trichoplusia ni cabbage looper - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Yang X; Chen W; Song X ; et al. (2019) Mutation of ABC transporter ABCA2 confers resistance to Bt toxin Cry2Ab in Trichoplusia ni.	GP00002054	ABCA2 A0A0S0G7V0	Physiology	insertion of a transposon Tntransib (2581 bp) in ABCA2 which changes splicing sites in the transcript and lead to an indel in the coding region: change of 1551VETLAHALGFLRHLDKR1567 into 1551AHWGK- LYGSNTQN1563 N	Trichoplusia ni cabbage looper - (species)	Trichoplusia ni cabbage looper - (species) D	ABCA2	Trichoplusia ni cabbage looper - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ABCA2	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry2Ab toxin)	Coding, Deletion N	Helicoverpa punctigera (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Tay WT; Mahon RJ; Heckel DG ; et al. (2015) Insect Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Toxin Cry2Ab Is Conferred by Mutations in an ABC Transpo[...]	GP00002056	ABCA2 A0A0S0G7V0	Physiology	14bp deletion resulting in missense mutations. N	Helicoverpa punctigera (species)	Helicoverpa punctigera (species) D	ABCA2	Helicoverpa punctigera (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ABCA2	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry2Ab toxin)	Coding, Insertion N	Pectinophora gossypiella pink bollworm - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Mathew LG; Ponnuraj J; Mallappa B ; et al. (2018) ABC transporter mis-splicing associated with resistance to Bt toxin Cry2Ab in laboratory- and field-[...]	GP00002057	ABCA2 A0A0S0G7V0	Physiology	loss of exon 6 caused by alternative splicing N	Pectinophora gossypiella pink bollworm - (species)	Pectinophora gossypiella pink bollworm - (species) D	ABCA2	Pectinophora gossypiella pink bollworm - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ABCA2	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry2Ab)	Coding, Insertion N	Trichoplusia ni cabbage looper - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Yang X; Chen W; Song X ; et al. (2019) Mutation of ABC transporter ABCA2 confers resistance to Bt toxin Cry2Ab in Trichoplusia ni.	GP00002467	ABCA2 Q9BZC7	Physiology	insertion of a 2581-bp transposon Tntransib in ABCA2. This insertion disrupts splicing sites and leads to indels in the protein sequence. CRISPR ABCA2 mutants are highly resistant to Cry2Ab. N	Trichoplusia ni cabbage looper - (species)	Trichoplusia ni cabbage looper - (species) D	ABCA2	Trichoplusia ni cabbage looper - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ABCB1	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry3Aa toxin)	Coding, Deletion N	Chrysomela tremula (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Pauchet Y; Bretschneider A; Augustin S ; et al. (2016) A P-Glycoprotein Is Linked to Resistance to the Bacillus thuringiensis Cry3Aa Toxin in a Leaf Beetle[...]	GP00002466	ABCB1 P08183	Physiology	a four-base-pair deletion at position 1561 introducing a frame shift with a premature stop codon leading to loss of the TpM1 transporter motif as well as the complete second transmembrane domain N	Chrysomela tremula (species)	Chrysomela tremula (species) D	ABCB1	Chrysomela tremula (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ABCB4	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Gene Amplification, Insertion	Aedes aegypti yellow fever mosquito - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Bariami V; Jones CM; Poupardin R ; et al. (2012) Gene amplification, ABC transporters and cytochrome P450s: unraveling the molecular basis of pyrethr[...]	GP00002607	Abcb4 P21440	Physiology	ABCB4 gene amplified about 6–7 times	Aedes aegypti yellow fever mosquito - (species)	Aedes aegypti yellow fever mosquito - (species) D	ABCB4	Aedes aegypti yellow fever mosquito - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ABCB7	Iron metabolism	Unknown, Unknown	Gasterosteus aculeatus three-spined stickleback - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Jones FC; Chan YF; Schmutz J ; et al. (2012) A genome-wide SNP genotyping array reveals patterns of global and repeated species-pair divergence i[...]	GP00001379	ABCB7 O75027	Physiology	unknown	Gasterosteus aculeatus three-spined stickleback - (species)	Gasterosteus aculeatus three-spined stickleback - (species)	ABCB7	Gasterosteus aculeatus three-spined stickleback - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ABCC11	Apocrine secretion (ear wax type ; axillary odor)	Coding, SNP	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Yoshiura K; Kinoshita A; Ishida T ; et al. (2006) A SNP in the ABCC11 gene is the determinant of human earwax type. 1 Additional References Martin A; Saathoff M; Kuhn F (2010) A functional ABCC11 allele is essential in the biochemical formation of human axillary odor.	GP00000010	ABCC11 Q96J66	Physiology	1 a.a. polymorphism considered best candidate - c.538G>A - G180R in the ATP-binding cassette	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	ABCC11	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ABCC2	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, Deletion N	Heliothis virescens tobacco budworm - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Gahan LJ; Pauchet Y; Vogel H ; et al. (2010) An ABC transporter mutation is correlated with insect resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ac to[...]	GP00000012	ABCC2 A0A0E3ZDK3	Physiology	22bp deletion N	Heliothis virescens tobacco budworm - (species)	Heliothis virescens tobacco budworm - (species) D	ABCC2	Heliothis virescens tobacco budworm - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ABCC2	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, Deletion N	Plutella xylostella diamondback moth - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Baxter SW; Badenes-Pérez FR; Morrison A ; et al. (2011) Parallel evolution of Bacillus thuringiensis toxin resistance in lepidoptera.	GP00000013	ABCC2 A0A0E3ZDK3	Physiology	30bp deletion N	Plutella xylostella diamondback moth - (species)	Plutella xylostella diamondback moth - (species) D	ABCC2	Plutella xylostella diamondback moth - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ABCC2	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry1Ac)	Unknown, Unknown	Trichoplusia ni cabbage looper - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Baxter SW; Badenes-Pérez FR; Morrison A ; et al. (2011) Parallel evolution of Bacillus thuringiensis toxin resistance in lepidoptera.	GP00000014	ABCC2 A0A0E3ZDK3	Physiology	Not identified	Trichoplusia ni cabbage looper - (species)	Trichoplusia ni cabbage looper - (species) D	ABCC2	Trichoplusia ni cabbage looper - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ABCC2	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt toxins)	Coding, Deletion N	Spodoptera exigua beet armyworm - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Park Y; González-Martínez RM; Navarro-Cerrillo G ; et al. (2014) ABCC transporters mediate insect resistance to multiple Bt toxins revealed by bulk segregant analysi[...]	GP00001439		Physiology	About 500 nt genomic deletion over 2 exons involving 246 nt coding 82aa N	Spodoptera exigua beet armyworm - (species)	Spodoptera exigua beet armyworm - (species) D	ABCC2	Spodoptera exigua beet armyworm - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ABCC2	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt toxins)	Coding, Complex Change N	Spodoptera frugiperda fall armyworm - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Banerjee R; Hasler J; Meagher R ; et al. (2017) Mechanism and DNA-based detection of field-evolved resistance to transgenic Bt corn in fall armyworm[...] 1 Additional References Flagel L; Lee YW; Wanjugi H (2018) Mutational disruption of the ABCC2 gene in fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, confers resistance [...]	GP00002461	MRP1 H8YF43	Physiology	A nine-base deletion (position 39–47) and a two-base insertion (GC at position 2218) lead to a frameshift and the occurrence of a premature stop codon. The truncated protein is 746 amino acids whereas the ABCC2 of the susceptible strain encodes a protein of 1349 amino acids. N	Spodoptera frugiperda fall armyworm - (species)	Spodoptera frugiperda fall armyworm - (species) D	ABCC2	Spodoptera frugiperda fall armyworm - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ABCC2	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt toxins)	Coding, Complex Change N	Spodoptera frugiperda fall armyworm - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Boaventura D; Ulrich J; Lueke B ; et al. (2020) Molecular characterization of Cry1F resistance in fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda from Brazil.	GP00002462	MRP1 H8YF43	Physiology	two mutations in the extracellular loop 4 (ECL4) of ABCC2: a deletion of two amino acids (GY) at positions 788 and 789 and the change of a proline to either lysine or arginine at position 799. Expression of mutated ABCC2 in insect cells confirmed the role of these mutations in toxin binding. N	Spodoptera frugiperda fall armyworm - (species)	Spodoptera frugiperda fall armyworm - (species) D	ABCC2	Spodoptera frugiperda fall armyworm - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Abdominal-B	Coloration (male-specific)	Unknown, Unknown	Drosophila malerkotliana (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Signor SA; Liu Y; Rebeiz M ; et al. (2016) Genetic Convergence in the Evolution of Male-Specific Color Patterns in Drosophila.	GP00001548	Abd-B P09087	Morphology	unknown	Drosophila malerkotliana (species)	Drosophila malerkotliana (species)	Abdominal-B	Drosophila malerkotliana (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Abdominal-B	Coloration (abdomen; setae)	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Bombus melanopygus (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Tian L; Rahman SR; Ezray BD ; et al. (2019) A homeotic shift late in development drives mimetic color variation in a bumble bee.	GP00002048	Abd-B P09087	Morphology	4kb region - probably several mutations according to recombinants with intermediate phenotypes	Bombus melanopygus (species)	Bombus melanopygus (species)	Abdominal-B	Bombus melanopygus (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase	ABO antigen blood type	Coding, SNP	Homininae (subfamily)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Yamamoto F; Hakomori S (1990) Sugar-nucleotide donor specificity of histo-blood group A and B transferases is based on amino acid [...] 1 Additional References Ségurel L; Thompson EE; Flutre T (2012) The ABO blood group is a trans-species polymorphism in primates.	GP00000017	ABO P16442	Physiology	Gly268 (group A) <-> Ala (group B)	Homininae (subfamily)	Homininae (subfamily)	ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase	Homininae (subfamily)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase	ABO antigen blood type	Coding, SNP	Homininae (subfamily)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Yamamoto F; Hakomori S (1990) Sugar-nucleotide donor specificity of histo-blood group A and B transferases is based on amino acid [...] 1 Additional References Ségurel L; Thompson EE; Flutre T (2012) The ABO blood group is a trans-species polymorphism in primates.	GP00000018	ABO P16442	Physiology	Leu266 (group A) <-> Met (group B)	Homininae (subfamily)	Homininae (subfamily)	ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase	Homininae (subfamily)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase	ABO antigen blood type	Coding, Deletion N	Homo sapiens human - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Yamamoto F; Hakomori S (1990) Sugar-nucleotide donor specificity of histo-blood group A and B transferases is based on amino acid [...] 1 Additional References Calafell F; Roubinet F; Ramírez-Soriano A (2008) Evolutionary dynamics of the human ABO gene.	GP00000019	ABO P16442	Physiology	1bp deletion (258G) resulting in frameshift N	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species) D	ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase	ABO antigen blood type	Coding, SNP	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Yamamoto F; McNeill PD; Yamamoto M ; et al. (1993) Molecular genetic analysis of the ABO blood group system: 4. Another type of O allele. 1 Additional References Yazer MH; Hosseini-Maaf B; Olsson ML (2008) Blood grouping discrepancies between ABO genotype and phenotype caused by O alleles.	GP00000020	ABO P16442	Physiology	Arg176+Gly268 (group A) <-> Gly176+Arg268 (group O03 = weak AB allele rather than complete loss-of-function) two nucleotide substitutions at nt. 526 and nt. 802. The authors have not examined whether both amino acid substitutions are necessary to disrupt the enzymatic activity or if one of them is sufficient. Nevertheless they assume that the single amino acid substitution at aa. 268 (glycine+arginine) may be crucial for their nullifying effect.	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase	ABO antigen blood type	Coding, Insertion N	Homo sapiens human - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Hosseini-Maaf B; Irshaid NM; Hellberg A ; et al. (2005) New and unusual O alleles at the ABO locus are implicated in unexpected blood group phenotypes. 1 Additional References Yazer MH; Hosseini-Maaf B; Olsson ML (2008) Blood grouping discrepancies between ABO genotype and phenotype caused by O alleles.	GP00000021	ABO P16442	Physiology	1bp insertion resulting in premature stop codon N	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species) D	ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase	ABO antigen blood type	Coding, SNP N	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Hosseini-Maaf B; Irshaid NM; Hellberg A ; et al. (2005) New and unusual O alleles at the ABO locus are implicated in unexpected blood group phenotypes. 1 Additional References Yazer MH; Hosseini-Maaf B; Olsson ML (2008) Blood grouping discrepancies between ABO genotype and phenotype caused by O alleles.	GP00000022	ABO P16442	Physiology	1bp change resulting in stop codon N	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase	ABO antigen blood type	Coding, Unknown	Pan troglodytes chimpanzee - (species)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Kermarrec N; Roubinet F; Apoil PA ; et al. (1999) Comparison of allele O sequences of the human and non-human primate ABO system.	GP00000023	ABO P16442	Physiology	Uncertain; possibly 9bp deletion resultin in 3a.a. deletion	Pan troglodytes chimpanzee - (species)	Pan troglodytes chimpanzee - (species)	ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase	Pan troglodytes chimpanzee - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase	ABO antigen blood type	Unknown, Unknown	Pan troglodytes chimpanzee - (species)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Kermarrec N; Roubinet F; Apoil PA ; et al. (1999) Comparison of allele O sequences of the human and non-human primate ABO system.	GP00000024	ABO P16442	Physiology	unknown	Pan troglodytes chimpanzee - (species)	Pan troglodytes chimpanzee - (species)	ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase	Pan troglodytes chimpanzee - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ACD6 = ACCELERATED CELL DEATH 6	Plant size Pathogen resistance (plant microbes) Herbivore resistance	Coding, Unknown	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Todesco M; Balasubramanian S; Hu TT ; et al. (2010) Natural allelic variation underlying a major fitness trade-off in Arabidopsis thaliana. 1 Additional References Atwell S; Huang YS; Vilhjálmsson BJ (2010) Genome-wide association study of 107 phenotypes in Arabidopsis thaliana inbred lines.	GP00000025	ACD6 Q8LPS2	Physiology Physiology Physiology	Various	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	ACD6 = ACCELERATED CELL DEATH 6	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; cyclic ketoenol)	Coding, SNP	Bemisia tabaci (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Lueke B; Douris V; Hopkinson JE ; et al. (2020) Identification and functional characterization of a novel acetyl-CoA carboxylase mutation associated[...] 1 Additional References Mavridis K; Papapostolou KM; Ilias A (2022) Next-generation molecular diagnostics (TaqMan qPCR and ddPCR) for monitoring insecticide resistance [...]	GP00002513	ACC Q7JV23	Physiology	A2083V	Bemisia tabaci (species)	Bemisia tabaci (species) D	acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC)	Bemisia tabaci (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; spiromesifen)	Coding, SNP	Trialeurodes vaporariorum greenhouse whitefly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Karatolos N; Williamson MS; Denholm I ; et al. (2012) Resistance to spiromesifen in Trialeurodes vaporariorum is associated with a single amino acid repla[...] 1 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods.	GP00002556	ACC Q7JV23	Physiology	E645K	Trialeurodes vaporariorum greenhouse whitefly - (species)	Trialeurodes vaporariorum greenhouse whitefly - (species) D	acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC)	Trialeurodes vaporariorum greenhouse whitefly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; spirotetramat)	Coding, SNP	Myzus persicae green peach aphid - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Singh KS; Cordeiro EMG; Troczka BJ ; et al. (2021) Global patterns in genomic diversity underpinning the evolution of insecticide resistance in the aph[...]	GP00002616	ACC Q7JV23	Physiology	a single non-synonymous mutation (gCt > gTt) resulting in an alanine to valine substitution in a highly conserved region of the ACC carboxyltransferase (CT) domain	Myzus persicae green peach aphid - (species)	Myzus persicae green peach aphid - (species) D	acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC)	Myzus persicae green peach aphid - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Anopheles albimanus (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Weill M; Malcolm C; Chandre F ; et al. (2004) The unique mutation in ace-1 giving high insecticide resistance is easily detectable in mosquito vec[...]	GP00000026	Ace P07140	Physiology	G119S	Anopheles albimanus (species)	Anopheles albimanus (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Anopheles albimanus (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Anopheles gambiae African malaria mosquito - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Weill M; Lutfalla G; Mogensen K ; et al. (2003) Comparative genomics: Insecticide resistance in mosquito vectors.	GP00000027	Ace P07140	Physiology	G119S	Anopheles gambiae African malaria mosquito - (species)	Anopheles gambiae African malaria mosquito - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Anopheles gambiae African malaria mosquito - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Weill M; Lutfalla G; Mogensen K ; et al. (2003) Comparative genomics: Insecticide resistance in mosquito vectors.	GP00000028	Ace P07140	Physiology	Gly119Ser (119 is the corresponding position in Torpedo) - GGC to AGC	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species)	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Weill M; Lutfalla G; Mogensen K ; et al. (2003) Comparative genomics: Insecticide resistance in mosquito vectors.	GP00000029	Ace P07140	Physiology	Gly119Ser (119 is the corresponding position in Torpedo) - GGC to AGC	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species)	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Culex tritaeniorhynchus (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Alout H; Berthomieu A; Cui F ; et al. (2007) Different amino-acid substitutions confer insecticide resistance through acetylcholinesterase 1 inse[...] 1 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods.	GP00000030	Ace P07140	Physiology	F331W	Culex tritaeniorhynchus (species)	Culex tritaeniorhynchus (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Culex tritaeniorhynchus (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Culex vishnui (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Alout H; Berthomieu A; Cui F ; et al. (2007) Different amino-acid substitutions confer insecticide resistance through acetylcholinesterase 1 inse[...]	GP00000031	Ace P07140	Physiology	G119S	Culex vishnui (species)	Culex vishnui (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Culex vishnui (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	3 Mutations:	Aphis gossypii cotton aphid - (species)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Shang Q; Pan Y; Fang K ; et al. (2014) Extensive Ace2 duplication and multiple mutations on Ace1 and Ace2 are related with high level of or[...] 4 Additional References Andrews MC; Callaghan A; Field LM (2004) Identification of mutations conferring insecticide-insensitive AChE in the cotton-melon aphid, Aphis[...] Carletto J; Martin T; Vanlerberghe-Masutti F (2010) Insecticide resistance traits differ among and within host races in Aphis gossypii. Benting J; Nauen R (2004) Biochemical evidence that an S431F mutation in acetylcholinesterase-1 of Aphis gossypii mediates res[...] Toda S; Komazaki S; Tomita T (2004) Two amino acid substitutions in acetylcholinesterase associated with pirimicarb and organophosphorou[...]	GP00000036	Ace P07140	Physiology	3 mutations	Aphis gossypii cotton aphid - (species)	Aphis gossypii cotton aphid - (species)	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Aphis gossypii cotton aphid - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Gene Amplification, Insertion	Anopheles gambiae African malaria mosquito - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Assogba BS; Milesi P; Djogbénou LS ; et al. (2016) The ace-1 Locus Is Amplified in All Resistant Anopheles gambiae Mosquitoes: Fitness Consequences of [...] 1 Additional References Assogba BS; Djogbénou LS; Milesi P (2015) An ace-1 gene duplication resorbs the fitness cost associated with resistance in Anopheles gambiae, [...]	GP00001372	Ace P07140	Physiology	Strict tandem duplication of 203kb encompassing 12 genes ; ace1 heterogeneous gene duplication (susceptible G119 and resistant S119 copies)	Anopheles gambiae African malaria mosquito - (species)	Anopheles gambiae African malaria mosquito - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Anopheles gambiae African malaria mosquito - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Gene Amplification, Insertion	Anopheles gambiae African malaria mosquito - (species)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Assogba BS; Milesi P; Djogbénou LS ; et al. (2016) The ace-1 Locus Is Amplified in All Resistant Anopheles gambiae Mosquitoes: Fitness Consequences of [...]	GP00001373	Ace P07140	Physiology	Strict tandem 3 times duplication of 203kb encompassing 12 genes with partial internal deletion of 97kb in the third copy - ace1 homogeneous gene duplications (all 3 copies S119 resistant)	Anopheles gambiae African malaria mosquito - (species)	Anopheles gambiae African malaria mosquito - (species)	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Anopheles gambiae African malaria mosquito - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Gene Amplification, Insertion	Anopheles gambiae African malaria mosquito - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Assogba BS; Milesi P; Djogbénou LS ; et al. (2016) The ace-1 Locus Is Amplified in All Resistant Anopheles gambiae Mosquitoes: Fitness Consequences of [...]	GP00001374	Ace P07140	Physiology	Strict tandem 5 times duplication of 203kb encompassing 12 genes - ace1 homogeneous gene duplications (all 5 copies S119 resistant)	Anopheles gambiae African malaria mosquito - (species)	Anopheles gambiae African malaria mosquito - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Anopheles gambiae African malaria mosquito - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Anazawa Y; Tomita T; Aiki Y ; et al. (2003) Sequence of a cDNA encoding acetylcholinesterase from susceptible and resistant two-spotted spider m[...] 2 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods. Khajehali J; Van Nieuwenhuyse P; Demaeght P (2011) Acaricide resistance and resistance mechanisms in Tetranychus urticae populations from rose greenhou[...]	GP00002013	Ace P07140	Physiology	A201S	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species)	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Myzus persicae green peach aphid - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Nabeshima T; Kozaki T; Tomita T ; et al. (2003) An amino acid substitution on the second acetylcholinesterase in the pirimicarb-resistant strains of[...]	GP00002015	Ace P07140	Physiology	Ser431Phe (position 331 in mature Torpedo protein)	Myzus persicae green peach aphid - (species)	Myzus persicae green peach aphid - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Myzus persicae green peach aphid - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Chilo suppressalis striped riceborer - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Jiang X; Qu M; Denholm I ; et al. (2009) Mutation in acetylcholinesterase1 associated with triazophos resistance in rice stem borer, Chilo su[...]	GP00002453	Ace P07140	Physiology	an amino acid mutation A314S in Ch-ace1 (corresponding to A201S in Torpedo californica AChE) was consistently associated with the occurrence of resistance	Chilo suppressalis striped riceborer - (species)	Chilo suppressalis striped riceborer - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Chilo suppressalis striped riceborer - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	2 Mutations: Coding SNP	Plutella xylostella diamondback moth - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Lee DW; Choi JY; Kim WT ; et al. (2007) Mutations of acetylcholinesterase1 contribute to prothiofos-resistance in Plutella xylostella (L.). 3 Additional References Yeh SC; Lin CL; Chang C (2014) Amino acid substitutions and intron polymorphism of acetylcholinesterase1 associated with mevinphos [...] Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods. Zhang LJ; Jing YP; Li XH (2015) Temperature-sensitive fitness cost of insecticide resistance in Chinese populations of the diamondba[...]	GP00002454	Ace P07140	Physiology	2 mutations	Plutella xylostella diamondback moth - (species)	Plutella xylostella diamondback moth - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Plutella xylostella diamondback moth - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Bemisia tabaci (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Mavridis K; Papapostolou KM; Ilias A ; et al. (2022) Next-generation molecular diagnostics (TaqMan qPCR and ddPCR) for monitoring insecticide resistance [...]	GP00002512	Ace P07140	Physiology	F331W	Bemisia tabaci (species)	Bemisia tabaci (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Bemisia tabaci (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Anazawa Y; Tomita T; Aiki Y ; et al. (2003) Sequence of a cDNA encoding acetylcholinesterase from susceptible and resistant two-spotted spider m[...] 1 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods.	GP00002571	Ace P07140	Physiology	S119G	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species)	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Anazawa Y; Tomita T; Aiki Y ; et al. (2003) Sequence of a cDNA encoding acetylcholinesterase from susceptible and resistant two-spotted spider m[...] 2 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods. Khajehali J; Van Leeuwen T; Grispou M (2010) Acetylcholinesterase point mutations in European strains of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychida[...]	GP00002572	Ace P07140	Physiology	G328A	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species)	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Khajehali J; Van Leeuwen T; Grispou M ; et al. (2010) Acetylcholinesterase point mutations in European strains of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychida[...] 1 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods.	GP00002573	Ace P07140	Physiology	F331W	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species)	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Anazawa Y; Tomita T; Aiki Y ; et al. (2003) Sequence of a cDNA encoding acetylcholinesterase from susceptible and resistant two-spotted spider m[...] 1 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods.	GP00002574	Ace P07140	Physiology	D128E	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species)	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Aphis gossypii cotton aphid - (species)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Li F; Han Z (2004) Mutations in acetylcholinesterase associated with insecticide resistance in the cotton aphid, Aphis [...] 3 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods. Andrews MC; Callaghan A; Field LM (2004) Identification of mutations conferring insecticide-insensitive AChE in the cotton-melon aphid, Aphis[...] Toda S; Komazaki S; Tomita T (2004) Two amino acid substitutions in acetylcholinesterase associated with pirimicarb and organophosphorou[...]	GP00002577	Ace P07140	Physiology	A201S	Aphis gossypii cotton aphid - (species)	Aphis gossypii cotton aphid - (species)	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Aphis gossypii cotton aphid - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Cydia pomonella codling moth - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Cassanelli S; Reyes M; Rault M ; et al. (2006) Acetylcholinesterase mutation in an insecticide-resistant population of the codling moth Cydia pomon[...] 1 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods.	GP00002580	Ace P07140	Physiology	F399V = F290V	Cydia pomonella codling moth - (species)	Cydia pomonella codling moth - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Cydia pomonella codling moth - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Alout H; Berthomieu A; Hadjivassilis A ; et al. (2007) A new amino-acid substitution in acetylcholinesterase 1 confers insecticide resistance to Culex pipi[...] 1 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods.	GP00002581	Ace P07140	Physiology	F290V	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species)	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Rhopalosiphum padi bird cherry-oat aphid - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Chen MH; Han ZJ; Qiao XF ; et al. (2007) Mutations in acetylcholinesterase genes of Rhopalosiphum padi resistant to organophosphate and carba[...] 1 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods.	GP00002587	Ace P07140	Physiology	S329(228)P	Rhopalosiphum padi bird cherry-oat aphid - (species)	Rhopalosiphum padi bird cherry-oat aphid - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Rhopalosiphum padi bird cherry-oat aphid - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Nilaparvata lugens brown planthopper - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Kwon Deok Ho; Cha Deok Jea; Kim Young Ho ; et al. (2012 ) Cloning of the acetylcholinesterase 1 gene and identification of point mutations putatively associat[...] 1 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods.	GP00002589	Ace P07140	Physiology	F330S	Nilaparvata lugens brown planthopper - (species)	Nilaparvata lugens brown planthopper - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Nilaparvata lugens brown planthopper - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Nilaparvata lugens brown planthopper - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Kwon Deok Ho; Cha Deok Jea; Kim Young Ho ; et al. (2012 ) Cloning of the acetylcholinesterase 1 gene and identification of point mutations putatively associat[...] 1 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods.	GP00002590	Ace P07140	Physiology	F331H	Nilaparvata lugens brown planthopper - (species)	Nilaparvata lugens brown planthopper - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Nilaparvata lugens brown planthopper - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Tetranychus kanzawai (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Aiki Yasuhiko; Kozaki Toshinori; Mizuno Hiroshi ; et al. (2005 ) Amino acid substitution in Ace paralogous acetylcholinesterase accompanied by organophosphate resist[...] 1 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods.	GP00002591	Ace P07140	Physiology	F331W	Tetranychus kanzawai (species)	Tetranychus kanzawai (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Tetranychus kanzawai (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Anazawa Y; Tomita T; Aiki Y ; et al. (2003) Sequence of a cDNA encoding acetylcholinesterase from susceptible and resistant two-spotted spider m[...] 1 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods.	GP00002592	Ace P07140	Physiology	F331C	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species)	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Tetranychus evansi red spider mite - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Carvalho Renato; Yang Yihua; Field Linda M ; et al. (2012 ) Chlorpyrifos resistance is associated with mutation and amplification of the acetylcholinesterase-1 [...] 1 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods.	GP00002593	Ace P07140	Physiology	F331W/Y	Tetranychus evansi red spider mite - (species)	Tetranychus evansi red spider mite - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Tetranychus evansi red spider mite - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Laodelphax striatellus small brown planthopper - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Zhang Yueliang; Li Shuo; Xu Lu ; et al. (2013 ) Overexpression of carboxylesterase-1 and mutation (F439H) of acetylcholinesterase-1 are associated w[...] 1 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods.	GP00002594	Ace P07140	Physiology	F331H	Laodelphax striatellus small brown planthopper - (species)	Laodelphax striatellus small brown planthopper - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Laodelphax striatellus small brown planthopper - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Sitobion avenae English grain aphid - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Chen Maohua; Han Zhaojun; Qiao Xianfeng ; et al. (2007 ) Resistance mechanisms and associated mutations in acetylcholinesterase genes in Sitobion avenae (Fab[...] 1 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods.	GP00002595	Ace P07140	Physiology	L336S	Sitobion avenae English grain aphid - (species)	Sitobion avenae English grain aphid - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Sitobion avenae English grain aphid - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Plutella xylostella diamondback moth - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Zhang LJ; Jing YP; Li XH ; et al. (2015) Temperature-sensitive fitness cost of insecticide resistance in Chinese populations of the diamondba[...] 1 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods.	GP00002598	Ace P07140	Physiology	A441G	Plutella xylostella diamondback moth - (species)	Plutella xylostella diamondback moth - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)	Plutella xylostella diamondback moth - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Musca domestica house fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Walsh SB; Dolden TA; Moores GD ; et al. (2001) Identification and characterization of mutations in housefly (Musca domestica) acetylcholinesterase [...]	GP00000040	Ace P07140	Physiology	Gly365Ala	Musca domestica house fly - (species)	Musca domestica house fly - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Musca domestica house fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Musca domestica house fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Walsh SB; Dolden TA; Moores GD ; et al. (2001) Identification and characterization of mutations in housefly (Musca domestica) acetylcholinesterase [...]	GP00000041	Ace P07140	Physiology	Gly262Val	Musca domestica house fly - (species)	Musca domestica house fly - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Musca domestica house fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Musca domestica house fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Walsh SB; Dolden TA; Moores GD ; et al. (2001) Identification and characterization of mutations in housefly (Musca domestica) acetylcholinesterase [...]	GP00000043	Ace P07140	Physiology	Gly262Ala	Musca domestica house fly - (species)	Musca domestica house fly - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Musca domestica house fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	4 Mutations: Coding SNP	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Mutero A; Pralavorio M; Bride JM ; et al. (1994) Resistance-associated point mutations in insecticide-insensitive acetylcholinesterase. 2 Additional References Mutero A; Pralavorio M; Bride JM (1994) Resistance-associated point mutations in insecticide-insensitive acetylcholinesterase. Menozzi P; Shi MA; Lougarre A (2004) Mutations of acetylcholinesterase which confer insecticide resistance in Drosophila melanogaster pop[...]	GP00002011	Ace P07140	Physiology	4 mutations	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Mutero A; Pralavorio M; Bride JM ; et al. (1994) Resistance-associated point mutations in insecticide-insensitive acetylcholinesterase.	GP00002012	Ace P07140	Physiology	Ile199Thr (position 129 in the corresponding mature Torpedo AChE). Tested in vitro in Xenopus oocytes	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Menozzi P; Shi MA; Lougarre A ; et al. (2004) Mutations of acetylcholinesterase which confer insecticide resistance in Drosophila melanogaster pop[...]	GP00002016	Ace P07140	Physiology	Gly368Ala (position 328 in the corresponding mature Torpedo AChE). Tested in vitro in Xenopus oocytes - GGC>GCC	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Bemisia tabaci (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Anthony NM; Brown JK; Markham PG ; et al. (1995 ) Molecular analysis of cyclodiene resistance-associated mutations among populations of the sweetpotat[...] 1 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods.	GP00002565	Ace P07140	Physiology	Phe392Trp mutation located in the acyl pocket of the active site gorge and recently shown to confer OP insensitivity in Culex tritaeniorhynchus	Bemisia tabaci (species)	Bemisia tabaci (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Bemisia tabaci (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Menozzi P; Shi MA; Lougarre A ; et al. (2004) Mutations of acetylcholinesterase which confer insecticide resistance in Drosophila melanogaster pop[...]	GP00002568	Ace P07140	Physiology	E73G	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Aphis gossypii cotton aphid - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Li Fei; Han Zhaojun (2004 ) Mutations in acetylcholinesterase associated with insecticide resistance in the cotton aphid, Aphis [...] 1 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods.	GP00002569	Ace P07140	Physiology	F78L	Aphis gossypii cotton aphid - (species)	Aphis gossypii cotton aphid - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Aphis gossypii cotton aphid - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Menozzi P; Shi MA; Lougarre A ; et al. (2004) Mutations of acetylcholinesterase which confer insecticide resistance in Drosophila melanogaster pop[...]	GP00002570	Ace P07140	Physiology	E81K	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Musca domestica house fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Kozaki T; Shono T; Tomita T ; et al. (2001) Fenitroxon insensitive acetylcholinesterases of the housefly, Musca domestica associated with point [...] 1 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods.	GP00002575	Ace P07140	Physiology	I129V	Musca domestica house fly - (species)	Musca domestica house fly - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Musca domestica house fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Bactrocera oleae olive fruit fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Vontas JG; Hejazi MJ; Hawkes NJ ; et al. (2002) Resistance-associated point mutations of organophosphate insensitive acetylcholinesterase, in the ol[...] 1 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods.	GP00002576	Ace P07140	Physiology	I129V	Bactrocera oleae olive fruit fly - (species)	Bactrocera oleae olive fruit fly - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Bactrocera oleae olive fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Haematobia irritans horn fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Temeyer KB; Li AY; Lohmeyer KH ; et al. (2008) Acetylcholinesterase mutation in diazinon-resistant Haematobia irritans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae). 1 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods.	GP00002578	Ace P07140	Physiology	G227A	Haematobia irritans horn fly - (species)	Haematobia irritans horn fly - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Haematobia irritans horn fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Leptinotarsa decemlineata Colorado potato beetle - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Zhu KY; Lee SH; Clark JM (1996) A Point Mutation of Acetylcholinesterase Associated with Azinphosmethyl Resistance and Reduced Fitne[...] 1 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods.	GP00002579	Ace P07140	Physiology	S238G	Leptinotarsa decemlineata Colorado potato beetle - (species)	Leptinotarsa decemlineata Colorado potato beetle - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Leptinotarsa decemlineata Colorado potato beetle - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Musca domestica house fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Walsh SB; Dolden TA; Moores GD ; et al. (2001) Identification and characterization of mutations in housefly (Musca domestica) acetylcholinesterase [...] 1 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods.	GP00002582	Ace P07140	Physiology	F290Y	Musca domestica house fly - (species)	Musca domestica house fly - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Musca domestica house fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Cochliomyia hominivorax primary screw-worm - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	da Silva NM; de Carvalho RA; de Azeredo-Espin AM (2011) Acetylcholinesterase cDNA sequencing and identification of mutations associated with organophosphate[...]	GP00002583	Ace P07140	Physiology	F466Y	Cochliomyia hominivorax primary screw-worm - (species)	Cochliomyia hominivorax primary screw-worm - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Cochliomyia hominivorax primary screw-worm - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Rhopalosiphum padi bird cherry-oat aphid - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Chen MH; Han ZJ; Qiao XF ; et al. (2007) Mutations in acetylcholinesterase genes of Rhopalosiphum padi resistant to organophosphate and carba[...] 1 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods.	GP00002585	Ace P07140	Physiology	F368(290)L	Rhopalosiphum padi bird cherry-oat aphid - (species)	Rhopalosiphum padi bird cherry-oat aphid - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Rhopalosiphum padi bird cherry-oat aphid - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Rhopalosiphum padi bird cherry-oat aphid - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Chen MH; Han ZJ; Qiao XF ; et al. (2007) Mutations in acetylcholinesterase genes of Rhopalosiphum padi resistant to organophosphate and carba[...] 1 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods.	GP00002586	Ace P07140	Physiology	V435(356)A	Rhopalosiphum padi bird cherry-oat aphid - (species)	Rhopalosiphum padi bird cherry-oat aphid - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Rhopalosiphum padi bird cherry-oat aphid - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Ceratitis capitata Mediterranean fruit fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Magaña C; Hernández-Crespo P; Brun-Barale A ; et al. (2008) Mechanisms of resistance to malathion in the medfly Ceratitis capitata. 1 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods.	GP00002588	Ace P07140	Physiology	Gly328Ala	Ceratitis capitata Mediterranean fruit fly - (species)	Ceratitis capitata Mediterranean fruit fly - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Ceratitis capitata Mediterranean fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Culex tritaeniorhynchus (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Nabeshima T; Mori A; Kozaki T ; et al. (2004) An amino acid substitution attributable to insecticide-insensitivity of acetylcholinesterase in a Ja[...] 1 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods.	GP00002596	Ace P07140	Physiology	F331W - F455W whose homologous position in Torped AChE (Phe331) is located in the vicinity of the catalytic His in the acyl pocket of the active site gorge	Culex tritaeniorhynchus (species)	Culex tritaeniorhynchus (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Culex tritaeniorhynchus (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Sitobion avenae English grain aphid - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Chen Maohua; Han Zhaojun; Qiao Xianfeng ; et al. (2007 ) Resistance mechanisms and associated mutations in acetylcholinesterase genes in Sitobion avenae (Fab[...] 1 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods.	GP00002597	Ace P07140	Physiology	W435R	Sitobion avenae English grain aphid - (species)	Sitobion avenae English grain aphid - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)	Sitobion avenae English grain aphid - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	2 Mutations: Coding SNP	Bactrocera oleae olive fruit fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Vontas JG; Hejazi MJ; Hawkes NJ ; et al. (2002) Resistance-associated point mutations of organophosphate insensitive acetylcholinesterase, in the ol[...]	GP00000037	Ace P07140	Physiology	2 mutations	Bactrocera oleae olive fruit fly - (species)	Bactrocera oleae olive fruit fly - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace)	Bactrocera oleae olive fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, Deletion	Bactrocera oleae olive fruit fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Kakani EG; Ioannides IM; Margaritopoulos JT ; et al. (2008) A small deletion in the olive fly acetylcholinesterase gene associated with high levels of organopho[...] 1 Additional References Kakani EG; Bon S; Massoulié J (2011) Altered GPI modification of insect AChE improves tolerance to organophosphate insecticides.	GP00000038	Ace P07140	Physiology	9bp deletion of three glutamine residues at positions 642_644	Bactrocera oleae olive fruit fly - (species)	Bactrocera oleae olive fruit fly - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace)	Bactrocera oleae olive fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Leptinotarsa decemlineata Colorado potato beetle - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Zhu KY; Lee SH; Clark JM (1996) A Point Mutation of Acetylcholinesterase Associated with Azinphosmethyl Resistance and Reduced Fitne[...]	GP00000039	Ace P07140	Physiology	Ser->Gly at position 238 of the Torpedo AChE	Leptinotarsa decemlineata Colorado potato beetle - (species)	Leptinotarsa decemlineata Colorado potato beetle - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace)	Leptinotarsa decemlineata Colorado potato beetle - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Musca domestica house fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Walsh SB; Dolden TA; Moores GD ; et al. (2001) Identification and characterization of mutations in housefly (Musca domestica) acetylcholinesterase [...]	GP00000042	Ace P07140	Physiology	Val180Leu	Musca domestica house fly - (species)	Musca domestica house fly - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace)	Musca domestica house fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Musca domestica house fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Walsh SB; Dolden TA; Moores GD ; et al. (2001) Identification and characterization of mutations in housefly (Musca domestica) acetylcholinesterase [...]	GP00000044	Ace P07140	Physiology	Phe327Tyr	Musca domestica house fly - (species)	Musca domestica house fly - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace)	Musca domestica house fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	2 Mutations: Coding SNP	Bactrocera dorsalis oriental fruit fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Hsu JC; Haymer DS; Wu WJ ; et al. (2006) Mutations in the acetylcholinesterase gene of Bactrocera dorsalis associated with resistance to orga[...]	GP00000045	Ace P07140	Physiology	2 mutations	Bactrocera dorsalis oriental fruit fly - (species)	Bactrocera dorsalis oriental fruit fly - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace)	Bactrocera dorsalis oriental fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Leptinotarsa decemlineata Colorado potato beetle - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Zhu KY; Lee SH; Clark JM (1996) A Point Mutation of Acetylcholinesterase Associated with Azinphosmethyl Resistance and Reduced Fitne[...]	GP00002014	Ace P07140	Physiology	Ser>Gly (238 is the corresponding position in Torpedo)	Leptinotarsa decemlineata Colorado potato beetle - (species)	Leptinotarsa decemlineata Colorado potato beetle - (species) D	Acetylcholinesterase (Ace)	Leptinotarsa decemlineata Colorado potato beetle - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
achaete-scute complex	Bristle number (abdomen; female-limited)	Cis-regulatory, Insertion	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Long AD; Lyman RF; Morgan AH ; et al. (2000) Both naturally occurring insertions of transposable elements and intermediate frequency polymorphism[...]	GP00000046	sc P10084	Morphology	transposon insertion in non-coding region	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	achaete-scute complex	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
achaete-scute complex	Bristle number (abdomen)	Cis-regulatory, Indel	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Long AD; Lyman RF; Morgan AH ; et al. (2000) Both naturally occurring insertions of transposable elements and intermediate frequency polymorphism[...]	GP00000047	sc P10084	Morphology	indel MC21 in promoter region of scute	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	achaete-scute complex	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
achaete-scute complex	Bristle number (thorax)	Cis-regulatory, Indel	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Gruber JD; Genissel A; Macdonald SJ ; et al. (2007) How repeatable are associations between polymorphisms in achaete-scute and bristle number variation [...]	GP00000048	sc P10084	Morphology	indel MC22 in promoter region of scute	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	achaete-scute complex	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ACS11	Plant architecture (petiole-to-leaf-length ratio)	Coding, SNP	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Kooke R; Kruijer W; Bours R ; et al. (2016) Genome-Wide Association Mapping and Genomic Prediction Elucidate the Genetic Architecture of Morphol[...]	GP00001235	ACS11 Q9S9U6	Morphology	several candidate amino acid changes	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	ACS11	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ADAMTS10	Body size (height)	Unknown, Unknown	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Lettre G (2011) Recent progress in the study of the genetics of height.	GP00000050	ADAMTS10 Q9H324	Morphology	unknown	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	ADAMTS10	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
adenosine deaminase (AgADA)	Pathogen resistance (parasite)	Coding, SNP	Anopheles gambiae African malaria mosquito - (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Li J; Wang X; Zhang G ; et al. (2013) Genome-block expression-assisted association studies discover malaria resistance genes in Anopheles [...]	GP00001463	ADA P00813	Physiology	c.C427T p.R143C	Anopheles gambiae African malaria mosquito - (species)	Anopheles gambiae African malaria mosquito - (species) D	adenosine deaminase (AgADA)	Anopheles gambiae African malaria mosquito - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
AGAMOUS-LIKE 50	Leaf number (at flowering time)	Unknown, Unknown	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Seymour DK; Chae E; Grimm DG ; et al. (2016) Genetic architecture of nonadditive inheritance in Arabidopsis thaliana hybrids.	GP00001450	AGAMOUS-like 50 Q9XIE7	Morphology	unknown	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	AGAMOUS-LIKE 50	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
AGAMOUS-Like6	Plant architecture Inflorescence architecture	Coding, SNP	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Huang X; Effgen S; Meyer RC ; et al. (2012) Epistatic natural allelic variation reveals a function of AGAMOUS-LIKE6 in axillary bud formation in[...]	GP00000053	AGL6 P29386	Morphology Morphology	Pro201Leu	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species) D	AGAMOUS-Like6	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti	Coloration (coat; dorso-ventral)	Gene Loss, Deletion N	Peromyscus polionotus oldfield mouse - (species)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Kingsley EP; Manceau M; Wiley CD ; et al. (2009) Melanism in peromyscus is caused by independent mutations in agouti.	GP00000055	Asip Q03288	Morphology	125kb deletion including 5' CDS of Agouti N	Peromyscus polionotus oldfield mouse - (species)	Peromyscus polionotus oldfield mouse - (species)	Agouti	Peromyscus polionotus oldfield mouse - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti	Coloration (coat; dorso-ventral)	Coding, SNP N	Peromyscus polionotus oldfield mouse - (species)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Kingsley EP; Manceau M; Wiley CD ; et al. (2009) Melanism in peromyscus is caused by independent mutations in agouti.	GP00000056	Asip Q03288	Morphology	Premature stop codon at residue 65 N	Peromyscus polionotus oldfield mouse - (species)	Peromyscus polionotus oldfield mouse - (species)	Agouti	Peromyscus polionotus oldfield mouse - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti	Coloration (coat; dorso-ventral)	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Peromyscus polionotus leucocephalus (subspecies) D Peromyscus polionotus niveiventris (subspecies) D Peromyscus polionotus peninsularis (subspecies) D Peromyscus polionotus allophrys (subspecies) D Peromyscus polionotus trissyllepsis (subspecies) D Peromyscus polionotus ammobates (subspecies) D Peromyscus polionotus albifrons (subspecies) D Peromyscus polionotus subgriseus (subspecies) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Manceau M; Domingues VS; Mallarino R ; et al. (2011) The developmental role of Agouti in color pattern evolution. 1 Additional References Wooldridge TB; Kautt AF; Lassance JM (2022) An enhancer of Agouti contributes to parallel evolution of cryptically colored beach mice.	GP00000057	Asip Q03288	Morphology	"A closer investigation of this region revealed three SNPs significantly associated with pigment variation, spanning 1,756 bp, in strong linkage disequilibrium (mean r2 = 0.85). A single SNP on chromosome 4 (chr4) at position chr4: 9,845,301 showed a markedly stronger association with pPC1 than the other two (Fig. 3B). This SNP is located between two untranslated exons (exons 1D and 1E), is 120 bp upstream of a cluster of Short Interspersed Nuclear Elements (SINE) in reverse orientation relative to the transcription of Agouti, and is 5,641 bp upstream of the first coding exon (exon 2). " "Next, we employ an association-mapping approach to identify an ∼2-kb previously uncharacterized noncoding region of Agouti associated with color variation. We then show that this 2-kb region can drive dermal expression in Mus embryos, demonstrating its regulatory activity in the skin during the establishment of pigmentation."	Peromyscus polionotus subgriseus (subspecies) Peromyscus polionotus polionotus (subspecies) Peromyscus polionotus albifrons (subspecies)	Peromyscus polionotus leucocephalus (subspecies) D Peromyscus polionotus niveiventris (subspecies) D Peromyscus polionotus peninsularis (subspecies) D Peromyscus polionotus allophrys (subspecies) D Peromyscus polionotus trissyllepsis (subspecies) D Peromyscus polionotus ammobates (subspecies) D Peromyscus polionotus albifrons (subspecies) D Peromyscus polionotus subgriseus (subspecies) D	Agouti	Peromyscus polionotus leucocephalus (subspecies) Peromyscus polionotus niveiventris (subspecies) Peromyscus polionotus peninsularis (subspecies) Peromyscus polionotus allophrys (subspecies) Peromyscus polionotus trissyllepsis (subspecies) Peromyscus polionotus ammobates (subspecies) Peromyscus polionotus albifrons (subspecies) Peromyscus polionotus subgriseus (subspecies)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti	Coloration (coat)	Coding, Deletion N	Equus caballus horse - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Rieder S; Taourit S; Mariat D ; et al. (2001) Mutations in the agouti (ASIP), the extension (MC1R), and the brown (TYRP1) loci and their associati[...] 1 Additional References Pruvost M; Bellone R; Benecke N (2011) Genotypes of predomestic horses match phenotypes painted in Paleolithic works of cave art.	GP00000062	Asip Q03288	Morphology	11bp deletion in exon 2: g.2174_2184del11 c.191_201del N	Equus caballus horse - (species)	Equus caballus horse - (species) D	Agouti	Equus caballus horse - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti	Coloration (coat)	Coding, SNP N	Panthera pardus leopard - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Schneider A; David VA; Johnson WE ; et al. (2012) How the leopard hides its spots: ASIP mutations and melanism in wild cats.	GP00000065	Asip Q03288	Morphology	nonsense mutation located in exon 4 (C333A) predicted to introduce a stop codon at amino acid position 111 N	Panthera pardus leopard - (species)	Panthera pardus leopard - (species) D	Agouti	Panthera pardus leopard - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti	Coloration (coat)	Coding, SNP	Catopuma temminckii Asiatic golden cat - (species)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Schneider A; David VA; Johnson WE ; et al. (2012) How the leopard hides its spots: ASIP mutations and melanism in wild cats.	GP00000066	Asip Q03288	Morphology	C128W (384C>G)	Catopuma temminckii Asiatic golden cat - (species)	Catopuma temminckii Asiatic golden cat - (species)	Agouti	Catopuma temminckii Asiatic golden cat - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti	Coloration (coat)	Coding, SNP N	Leopardus colocolo Colocolo - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Schneider A; Henegar C; Day K ; et al. (2015) Recurrent evolution of melanism in South American felids.	GP00001731	Asip Q03288	Morphology	Arg to Cys substitution in the C-terminal region of ASIP (p.R120C) lies in the critical RFF loop (e.g. a triplet motif made of one arginine and two phenylalanine residues) required for binding to the MC1R N	Leopardus colocolo Colocolo - (species)	Leopardus colocolo Colocolo - (species) D	Agouti	Leopardus colocolo Colocolo - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti	Coloration (coat)	Coding, SNP N	Leopardus guigna Kodkod - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Schneider A; Henegar C; Day K ; et al. (2015) Recurrent evolution of melanism in South American felids.	GP00001732	Asip Q03288	Morphology	Cys to Tyr substitution in ASIP (p.C126Y) which affects the key disulfide bond that stabilizes the RFF loop N	Leopardus guigna Kodkod - (species)	Leopardus guigna Kodkod - (species) D	Agouti	Leopardus guigna Kodkod - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti	Coloration (coat)	5 Mutations:	Peromyscus maniculatus North American deer mouse - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Linnen CR; Poh YP; Peterson BK ; et al. (2013) Adaptive evolution of multiple traits through multiple mutations at a single gene. 1 Additional References Barrett RDH; Laurent S; Mallarino R (2019) Linking a mutation to survival in wild mice.	GP00001974	Asip Q03288	Morphology	5 mutations	Peromyscus maniculatus North American deer mouse - (species)	Peromyscus maniculatus North American deer mouse - (species)	Agouti	Peromyscus maniculatus North American deer mouse - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti	Coloration (coat)	Gene Loss, Deletion N	Peromyscus maniculatus North American deer mouse - (species)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Kingsley EP; Manceau M; Wiley CD ; et al. (2009) Melanism in peromyscus is caused by independent mutations in agouti.	GP00001975	Asip Q03288	Morphology	125kb deletion ; recessive mutation N	Peromyscus maniculatus North American deer mouse - (species)	Peromyscus maniculatus North American deer mouse - (species)	Agouti	Peromyscus maniculatus North American deer mouse - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti	Coloration (coat)	Coding, SNP N	Peromyscus maniculatus North American deer mouse - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Kingsley EP; Manceau M; Wiley CD ; et al. (2009) Melanism in peromyscus is caused by independent mutations in agouti.	GP00001976	Asip Q03288	Morphology	recessive mutation at nucleotide position 193 (in exon 3) resulting in a change from glutamine to a stop codon at amino acid position 65 (Q65term) N	Peromyscus maniculatus North American deer mouse - (species)	Peromyscus maniculatus North American deer mouse - (species)	Agouti	Peromyscus maniculatus North American deer mouse - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti	Coloration (coat)	Coding, SNP	Sciurus niger fox squirrel - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	McRobie HR; Moncrief ND; Mundy NI (2019) Multiple origins of melanism in two species of North American tree squirrel (Sciurus).	GP00002335		Morphology	Gly121Cys	Sciurus niger fox squirrel - (species)	Sciurus niger fox squirrel - (species) D	Agouti	Sciurus niger fox squirrel - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti	Coloration (coat)	Cis-regulatory, Insertion	Mus musculus molossinus Japanese wild mouse - (subspecies) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Tanave A; Imai Y; Koide T (2019) Nested retrotransposition in the East Asian mouse genome causes the classical nonagouti mutation.	GP00002386	Asip Q03288	Morphology		Mus musculus molossinus Japanese wild mouse - (subspecies)	Mus musculus molossinus Japanese wild mouse - (subspecies) D	Agouti	Mus musculus molossinus Japanese wild mouse - (subspecies)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti (ASIP)	Coloration (skin; hair)	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Bonilla C; Boxill LA; Donald SA ; et al. (2005) The 8818G allele of the agouti signaling protein (ASIP) gene is ancestral and is associated with dar[...] 2 Additional References Sulem P; Gudbjartsson DF; Stacey SN (2008) Two newly identified genetic determinants of pigmentation in Europeans. Voisey J; Gomez-Cabrera Mdel C; Smit DJ (2006) A polymorphism in the agouti signalling protein (ASIP) is associated with decreased levels of mRNA.	GP00000070	Asip Q03288	Morphology	unknown	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Agouti (ASIP)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti (ASIP)	Coloration (coat)	Coding, SNP	Monarcha castaneiventris Makira monarch - (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Uy JA; Cooper EA; Cutie S ; et al. (2016) Mutations in different pigmentation genes are associated with parallel melanism in island flycatcher[...]	GP00001334	Asip Q03288	Morphology	Ile55Thr	Monarcha castaneiventris Makira monarch - (species)	Monarcha castaneiventris Makira monarch - (species) D	Agouti (ASIP)	Monarcha castaneiventris Makira monarch - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti (ASIP)	Coloration (coat) Lifespan	2 Mutations: Coding N	Ovis aries sheep - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Gratten J; Pilkington JG; Brown EA ; et al. (2010) The genetic basis of recessive self-colour pattern in a wild sheep population. 1 Additional References Gratten J; Pilkington JG; Brown EA (2012) Selection and microevolution of coat pattern are cryptic in a wild population of sheep.	GP00001356	Asip Q03288	Morphology Physiology	2 mutations	Ovis aries sheep - (species)	Ovis aries sheep - (species) D	Agouti (ASIP)	Ovis aries sheep - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti (ASIP)	Coloration (coat)	Coding, Deletion N	D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Miller SM; Guthrie AJ; Harper CK (2016) Single base-pair deletion in ASIP exon 3 associated with recessive black phenotype in impala (Aepyce[...]	GP00001977	Asip Q03288	Morphology	recessive c.174delA was found in all black phenotype sequences ; premature stop codon (239–241 bp) N		D	Agouti (ASIP)		Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti (ASIP)	Coloration (coat)	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Lepus americanus snowshoe hare - (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Jones MR; Mills LS; Alves PC ; et al. (2018) Adaptive introgression underlies polymorphic seasonal camouflage in snowshoe hares.	GP00002060	Asip Q03288	Morphology	exact mutation(s) unknown	Lepus americanus snowshoe hare - (species)	Lepus americanus snowshoe hare - (species) D	Agouti (ASIP)	Lepus americanus snowshoe hare - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti (ASIP)	Coloration (coat)	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Lepus timidus Mountain hare - (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Giska I; Farelo L; Pimenta J ; et al. (2019) Introgression drives repeated evolution of winter coat color polymorphism in hares.	GP00002061	Asip Q03288	Morphology	exact mutation(s) unknown	Lepus timidus Mountain hare - (species)	Lepus timidus Mountain hare - (species) D	Agouti (ASIP)	Lepus timidus Mountain hare - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
agrecan	Body size (height)	Unknown, Unknown	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Lettre G (2011) Recent progress in the study of the genetics of height.	GP00000072	ACAN P16112	Morphology	unknown	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	agrecan	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
AHR	Xenobiotic resistance (TCDD)	Coding, SNP N	Rattus norvegicus Norway rat - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Tuomisto JT; Viluksela M; Pohjanvirta R ; et al. (1999) The AH receptor and a novel gene determine acute toxic responses to TCDD: segregation of the resista[...] 2 Additional References Moffat ID; Roblin S; Harper PA (2007) Aryl hydrocarbon receptor splice variants in the dioxin-resistant rat: tissue expression and transac[...] Pohjanvirta R; Wong JM; Li W (1998) Point mutation in intron sequence causes altered carboxyl-terminal structure in the aryl hydrocarbon[...]	GP00001813	Ahr P30561	Physiology	point mutation in the exon/intron 10 boundary in AHR genomic structure that leads to use of 3 alternative cryptic splice sites; potentially creating 3 alternative transcripts and 2 protein products. At the protein level the mutation leads to a total loss of either 43 or 38 amino acids (with altered sequence for the last seven amino acids in the latter case) toward the carboxyl-terminal end in the trans-activation domain of the AhR. H/W rats also harbor a point mutation in exon 10 that will cause a Val-to-Ala substitution in codon 497, but this occurs in a variable region of the AhR N	Rattus norvegicus Norway rat - (species)	Rattus norvegicus Norway rat - (species) D	AHR	Rattus norvegicus Norway rat - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
AHR2	Xenobiotic resistance (pollution)	Gene Loss, Deletion N	Fundulus heteroclitus mummichog - (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Reid NM; Proestou DA; Clark BW ; et al. (2016) The genomic landscape of rapid repeated evolutionary adaptation to toxic pollution in wild fish. 1 Additional References Clark BW; Matson CW; Jung D (2010) AHR2 mediates cardiac teratogenesis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and PCB-126 in Atlantic kill[...]	GP00001806	Ahr P30561	Physiology	70 kb deletion that removes parts of the two genes AHR1a and AHR2a N	Fundulus heteroclitus mummichog - (species)	Fundulus heteroclitus mummichog - (species) D	AHR2	Fundulus heteroclitus mummichog - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
AHR2	Xenobiotic resistance (pollution)	Gene Loss, Deletion N	Fundulus heteroclitus mummichog - (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Reid NM; Proestou DA; Clark BW ; et al. (2016) The genomic landscape of rapid repeated evolutionary adaptation to toxic pollution in wild fish. 1 Additional References Clark BW; Matson CW; Jung D (2010) AHR2 mediates cardiac teratogenesis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and PCB-126 in Atlantic kill[...]	GP00001807	Ahr P30561	Physiology	45 kb deletion that removes parts of the two genes AHR1a and AHR2a (from exon 5 of AHR2a to exon 4 of AHR1a) N	Fundulus heteroclitus mummichog - (species)	Fundulus heteroclitus mummichog - (species) D	AHR2	Fundulus heteroclitus mummichog - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
AHR2	Xenobiotic resistance (pollution)	Gene Loss, Deletion N	Fundulus heteroclitus mummichog - (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Reid NM; Proestou DA; Clark BW ; et al. (2016) The genomic landscape of rapid repeated evolutionary adaptation to toxic pollution in wild fish. 1 Additional References Clark BW; Matson CW; Jung D (2010) AHR2 mediates cardiac teratogenesis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and PCB-126 in Atlantic kill[...]	GP00001808	Ahr P30561	Physiology	83 kb deletion that removes parts of the two genes AHR1a and AHR2a (from exon 11 of AHR2a to exon 6 of AHR1a) N	Fundulus heteroclitus mummichog - (species)	Fundulus heteroclitus mummichog - (species) D	AHR2	Fundulus heteroclitus mummichog - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
AHR2	Xenobiotic resistance (pollution; polychlorinated biphenyls; PCBs)	Coding, Deletion N	Microgadus tomcod Atlantic tomcod - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Wirgin I; Roy NK; Loftus M ; et al. (2011) Mechanistic basis of resistance to PCBs in Atlantic tomcod from the Hudson River.	GP00001809	Ahr P30561	Physiology	6-bp deletion - (nts 1314 to 1319 in exon 10; TTCCTC) that resulted in a two-amino acid (Phe-Leu) deletion located 43 amino acids downstream of the amino terminal of the AHR2 ligand binding domain N	Microgadus tomcod Atlantic tomcod - (species)	Microgadus tomcod Atlantic tomcod - (species) D	AHR2	Microgadus tomcod Atlantic tomcod - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
AHR2	Xenobiotic resistance (pollution)	Gene Loss, Deletion N	Fundulus grandis Gulf killifish - (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Oziolor EM; Reid NM; Yair S ; et al. (2019) Adaptive introgression enables evolutionary rescue from extreme environmental pollution.	GP00002669	Ahr P30561	Physiology	70 kb deletion that removes parts of the two genes AHR1a and AHR2a N	Fundulus grandis Gulf killifish - (species)	Fundulus grandis Gulf killifish - (species) D	AHR2	Fundulus grandis Gulf killifish - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
AIP	Xenobiotic resistance (pollution)	Unknown, Unknown N	Fundulus heteroclitus mummichog - (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Reid NM; Proestou DA; Clark BW ; et al. (2016) The genomic landscape of rapid repeated evolutionary adaptation to toxic pollution in wild fish.	GP00001812	Aip O08915	Physiology	exact mutation(s) unknown - very good candidate gene according to association mapping and knowledge about the physiology N	Fundulus heteroclitus mummichog - (species)	Fundulus heteroclitus mummichog - (species) D	AIP	Fundulus heteroclitus mummichog - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
AIP	Xenobiotic resistance (pollution)	Unknown, Unknown N	Fundulus grandis Gulf killifish - (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Oziolor EM; Reid NM; Yair S ; et al. (2019) Adaptive introgression enables evolutionary rescue from extreme environmental pollution.	GP00002670	Aip O08915	Physiology	exact mutation(s) unknown - very good candidate gene according to Fst and knowledge about the physiology N	Fundulus grandis Gulf killifish - (species)	Fundulus grandis Gulf killifish - (species) D	AIP	Fundulus grandis Gulf killifish - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh)	Xenobiotic resistance (alcohol)	6 Mutations:	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Choudhary M; Laurie CC (1991) Use of in vitro mutagenesis to analyze the molecular basis of the difference in Adh expression assoc[...] 4 Additional References Laurie CC; Bridgham JT; Choudhary M (1991) Associations between DNA sequence variation and variation in expression of the Adh gene in natural p[...] King EG; Merkes CM; McNeil CL (2012) Genetic dissection of a model complex trait using the Drosophila Synthetic Population Resource. Siddiq MA; Loehlin DW; Montooth KL (2017) Experimental test and refutation of a classic case of molecular adaptation in Drosophila melanogaste[...] Loehlin DW; Ames JR; Vaccaro K (2019) A major role for noncoding regulatory mutations in the evolution of enzyme activity.	GP00001962	Adh P00334	Physiology	6 mutations	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh)	Xenobiotic resistance (alcohol)	Coding, Unknown	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Vigue C; Sofer W (1974) Adh-n5: a temperature-sensitive mutant at the Adh locus in Drosophila.	GP00001988	Adh P00334	Physiology	Activity of the purified enzyme is temperature-sensitive; as opposed to the other allele which is not. Exact coding mutation(s) unknown.	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh)	Xenobiotic resistance (alcohol)	Cis-regulatory, Insertion	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Strand DJ; McDonald JF (1989) Insertion of a copia element 5' to the Drosophila melanogaster alcohol dehydrogenase gene (adh) is a[...]	GP00001989	Adh P00334	Physiology	insertion of a complete 5.2kb copia retroviral-like transposable element 240 bp upstream from the distal (adult) adh transcriptional start site	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh)	Xenobiotic resistance (alcohol)	Coding, Insertion N	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Freeth AL; Gibson JB; Wilks AV (1990) Aberrant splicing of a naturally occurring alcohol dehydrogenase null activity allele in Drosophila [...] 1 Additional References Gibson JB; Wilks AV; Agrotis A (1992) Molecular relationships between alcohol dehydrogenase null-activity alleles from natural populations[...]	GP00001990	Adh P00334	Physiology	eight extra nucleotides (in two groups of four) in the second intron commencing six bases 3' from the 5' splice site. A stop codon was also found in exon 2. S1 nuclease protection experiments have shown that the insertions in intron 2 disrupt the correct splicing of intron 2. The null allele produces a transcript approximately 100 bases longer than the normal mature adult transcript, and the amount of the null allele transcript is only about 10% of the normal level. N	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh)	Xenobiotic resistance (alcohol)	Coding, Deletion N	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Gibson JB; Wilks AV; Agrotis A (1992) Molecular relationships between alcohol dehydrogenase null-activity alleles from natural populations[...]	GP00001991	Adh P00334	Physiology	438-bp deletion which removes most of exon 2. Lys to Thr substitution: ACG at the sites 1489--1491 N	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH1B)	Xenobiotic resistance (alcohol)	Coding, SNP	Homo sapiens human - (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Li H; Mukherjee N; Soundararajan U ; et al. (2007) Geographically separate increases in the frequency of the derived ADH1B47His allele in eastern and [...] 1 Additional References Li H; Mukherjee N; Soundararajan U (2007)* Geographically separate increases in the frequency of the derived ADH1B*47His allele in eastern and [...]	GP00000077	ADH1B P00325	Physiology	Arg47His; the derived allele results in 100-fold enzymatic rate increase and shows signs of positive selection in correlation with history of rice domestication	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species) D	alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH1B)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Aldehyde dehydrogenase (Aldh)	Xenobiotic resistance (alcohol)	Coding, SNP	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Fry JD; Donlon K; Saweikis M (2008) A worldwide polymorphism in aldehyde dehydrogenase in Drosophila melanogaster: evidence for selectio[...]	GP00002007	Aldh Q9VLC5	Physiology	L479F C9391311T	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Aldehyde dehydrogenase (Aldh)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Allantoin permease DAL4	Nitrogen use (growth rate on allantoin)	Coding, Indel N	Saccharomyces cerevisiae baker's yeast - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Ibstedt S; Stenberg S; Bagés S ; et al. (2015) Concerted evolution of life stage performances signals recent selection on yeast nitrogen use.	GP00001503	DAL4 Q04895	Physiology	c.1201delA a single nucleotide frameshifting insertion (deletion?) N	Saccharomyces cerevisiae baker's yeast - (species)	Saccharomyces cerevisiae baker's yeast - (species) D	Allantoin permease DAL4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae baker's yeast - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Allantoinase DAL1	Nitrogen use (growth rate on allantoin)	Coding, SNP	Saccharomyces cerevisiae baker's yeast - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Ibstedt S; Stenberg S; Bagés S ; et al. (2015) Concerted evolution of life stage performances signals recent selection on yeast nitrogen use.	GP00001502	DAL1 P32375	Physiology	c.415C>T p.P139S predicted to be strongly detrimental	Saccharomyces cerevisiae baker's yeast - (species)	Saccharomyces cerevisiae baker's yeast - (species) D	Allantoinase DAL1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae baker's yeast - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ALS	Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; ALS inhibitor)	Coding, SNP	Amaranthus tuberculatus (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Patzoldt William L; Tranel Patrick J (2007 ) Multiple ALS mutations confer herbicide resistance in waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus)	GP00001893	ALS P17597	Physiology	W574L	Amaranthus tuberculatus (species)	Amaranthus tuberculatus (species) D	ALS	Amaranthus tuberculatus (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ALS	Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; ALS inhibitor)	Coding, SNP	Amaranthus tuberculatus (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Patzoldt William L; Tranel Patrick J (2007 ) Multiple ALS mutations confer herbicide resistance in waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus)	GP00001894	ALS P17597	Physiology	S653N	Amaranthus tuberculatus (species)	Amaranthus tuberculatus (species) D	ALS	Amaranthus tuberculatus (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ALS	Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; ALS inhibitor)	Coding, SNP	Amaranthus tuberculatus (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Patzoldt William L; Tranel Patrick J (2007 ) Multiple ALS mutations confer herbicide resistance in waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus)	GP00001895	ALS P17597	Physiology	S653T	Amaranthus tuberculatus (species)	Amaranthus tuberculatus (species) D	ALS	Amaranthus tuberculatus (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Amhr2	Sex determination (female vs male)	Coding, SNP	Takifugu rubripes torafugu - (species) Takifugu poecilonotus finepatterned puffer - (species) Takifugu pardalis panther puffer - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Kamiya T; Kai W; Tasumi S ; et al. (2012) A trans-species missense SNP in Amhr2 is associated with sex determination in the tiger pufferfish, [...]	GP00002147	AMHR2 Q16671	Physiology	His/Asp384 heterozygous males have reduced Amrh2 activity due to decreased activity of the kinase signaling domain	Takifugu rubripes torafugu - (species) Takifugu poecilonotus finepatterned puffer - (species) Takifugu pardalis panther puffer - (species)	Takifugu rubripes torafugu - (species) Takifugu poecilonotus finepatterned puffer - (species) Takifugu pardalis panther puffer - (species)	Amhr2	Takifugu rubripes torafugu - (species) Takifugu poecilonotus finepatterned puffer - (species) Takifugu pardalis panther puffer - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ammonium transporter 2;1	Xenobiotic resistance (soil contamination; serpentine)	Unknown, Unknown	Arabidopsis arenosa (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Arnold BJ; Lahner B; DaCosta JM ; et al. (2016) Borrowed alleles and convergence in serpentine adaptation.	GP00001431	AMT2 Q9M6N7	Physiology	seven aa substitutions	Arabidopsis arenosa (species)	Arabidopsis arenosa (species) D	ammonium transporter 2;1	Arabidopsis arenosa (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
AMPD1 (=CG32626)	Drug resistance	Unknown, Unknown	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Kislukhin G; King EG; Walters KN ; et al. (2013) The genetic architecture of methotrexate toxicity is similar in Drosophila melanogaster and humans.	GP00000083	AMPD1 P23109	Physiology	unknown	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	AMPD1 (=CG32626)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
AMPD1 [clinical; candidate gene study; added for insights on fly-human parallelism]	Drug resistance	Unknown, Unknown	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Wessels JA; van der Kooij SM; le Cessie S ; et al. (2007) A clinical pharmacogenetic model to predict the efficacy of methotrexate monotherapy in recent-onset[...]	GP00000084	AMPD1 P23109	Physiology	unknown	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	AMPD1 [clinical; candidate gene study; added for insights on fly-human parallelism]	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
amylase	Starch processing	Gene Amplification, Insertion	Meles leucurus Asian badger - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Abduriyim Shamshidin; Nishita Yoshinori; Abramov AV ; et al. (2019 ) Variation in pancreatic amylase gene copy number among Eurasian badgers (Carnivora, Mustelidae, Mele[...]	GP00001907	Amy1 P00687	Physiology	Copy Number Variation varies between one and four in this species	Meles leucurus Asian badger - (species)	Meles leucurus Asian badger - (species) D	amylase	Meles leucurus Asian badger - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
amylase 1 (AMY1)	Starch processing	Gene Amplification, Insertion	Homo sapiens human - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Perry GH; Dominy NJ; Claw KG ; et al. (2007) Diet and the evolution of human amylase gene copy number variation. 2 Additional References Falchi M; El-Sayed Moustafa JS; Takousis P (2014) Low copy number of the salivary amylase gene predisposes to obesity. Pajic P; Pavlidis P; Dean K (2019) Independent amylase gene copy number bursts correlate with dietary preferences in mammals.	GP00000085	AMY1A P04745	Physiology	Probably gene duplication	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species) D	amylase 1 (AMY1)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
anthocyanin2 (an2)	Coloration (flowers)	Coding, Deletion N	Petunia axillaris (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Quattrocchio F; Wing J; van der Woude K ; et al. (1999) Molecular analysis of the anthocyanin2 gene of petunia and its role in the evolution of flower color[...]	GP00000089	AN2 A4GRU8	Morphology	1bp deletion at a.a. 127; premature stop N	Petunia integrifolia (species)	Petunia axillaris (species) D	anthocyanin2 (an2)	Petunia axillaris (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
anthocyanin2 (an2)	Coloration (flowers)	Coding, Insertion N	Petunia axillaris (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Quattrocchio F; Wing J; van der Woude K ; et al. (1999) Molecular analysis of the anthocyanin2 gene of petunia and its role in the evolution of flower color[...]	GP00000090	AN2 A4GRU8	Morphology	4bp insertion at a.a. 127; premature stop N	Petunia integrifolia (species)	Petunia axillaris (species) D	anthocyanin2 (an2)	Petunia axillaris (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
anthocyanin2 (an2)	Coloration (flowers)	Coding, SNP N	Petunia axillaris (species)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Quattrocchio F; Wing J; van der Woude K ; et al. (1999) Molecular analysis of the anthocyanin2 gene of petunia and its role in the evolution of flower color[...]	GP00000091	AN2 A4GRU8	Morphology	W196* N	Petunia integrifolia (species)	Petunia axillaris (species)	anthocyanin2 (an2)	Petunia axillaris (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
anthocyanin2 (an2)	Coloration (flowers)	Coding, Deletion N	Petunia axillaris (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Hoballah ME; Gübitz T; Stuurman J ; et al. (2007) Single gene-mediated shift in pollinator attraction in Petunia.	GP00000092	AN2 A4GRU8	Morphology	1bp deletion; premature stop N	Petunia integrifolia (species)	Petunia axillaris (species) D	anthocyanin2 (an2)	Petunia axillaris (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
AOP2	Glucosinolate content	Coding, Deletion N	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Kliebenstein DJ; Lambrix VM; Reichelt M ; et al. (2001) Gene duplication in the diversification of secondary metabolism: tandem 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dio[...] 2 Additional References Chan EK; Rowe HC; Kliebenstein DJ (2010) Understanding the evolution of defense metabolites in Arabidopsis thaliana using genome-wide associa[...] Chan EK; Rowe HC; Corwin JA (2011) Combining genome-wide association mapping and transcriptional networks to identify novel genes contr[...]	GP00000095	AOP2 Q945B5	Physiology	5bp deletion resulting in frameshift N	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species) D	AOP2	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
AOP3	Glucosinolate content	Coding, Unknown	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Kliebenstein DJ; Lambrix VM; Reichelt M ; et al. (2001) Gene duplication in the diversification of secondary metabolism: tandem 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dio[...] 2 Additional References Chan EK; Rowe HC; Kliebenstein DJ (2010) Understanding the evolution of defense metabolites in Arabidopsis thaliana using genome-wide associa[...] Chan EK; Rowe HC; Corwin JA (2011) Combining genome-wide association mapping and transcriptional networks to identify novel genes contr[...]	GP00000096	AOP3 Q9ZTA1	Physiology	unknown	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	AOP3	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
apicoplast ribosomal protein S10	Xenobiotic resistance (artemisinin)	Coding, SNP	Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasite P. falciparum - (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Miotto O; Amato R; Ashley EA ; et al. (2015) Genetic architecture of artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum.	GP00001531	PF3D7_1460900.1 Q8IKM3	Physiology	p.Val127Met	Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasite P. falciparum - (species)	Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasite P. falciparum - (species) D	apicoplast ribosomal protein S10	Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasite P. falciparum - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
APL1 cluster	Pathogen resistance (Plasmodium; malaria parasite)	Unknown, Unknown	Anopheles gambiae African malaria mosquito - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Riehle MM; Markianos K; Niaré O ; et al. (2006) Natural malaria infection in Anopheles gambiae is regulated by a single genomic control region. 1 Additional References Rottschaefer SM; Riehle MM; Coulibaly B (2011) Exceptional diversity, maintenance of polymorphism, and recent directional selection on the APL1 mal[...]	GP00000098	APL1A L7RQU1	Physiology	Not identified	Anopheles gambiae African malaria mosquito - (species)	Anopheles gambiae African malaria mosquito - (species) D	APL1 cluster	Anopheles gambiae African malaria mosquito - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
APOE (apolipoprotein E)	Aging	Coding, SNP	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Joshi PK; Fischer K; Schraut KE ; et al. (2016) Variants near CHRNA3/5 and APOE have age- and sex-related effects on human lifespan.	GP00000099	APOE P02649	Physiology	Cys112Arg	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	APOE (apolipoprotein E)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
APSR	Sulfate content (shoot)	Coding, SNP N	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Loudet O; Saliba-Colombani V; Camilleri C ; et al. (2007) Natural variation for sulfate content in Arabidopsis thaliana is highly controlled by APR2.	GP00000100	APR2 P92981	Physiology	A399E N	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	APSR	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
arcp-1	CO2 avoidance Aggregation behavior	Coding, Deletion N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Beets I; Zhang G; Fenk LA ; et al. (2019) Natural Variation in a Dendritic Scaffold Protein Remodels Experience-Dependent Plasticity by Alteri[...]	GP00002067	CELE_F34D10.6 C6KRH4	Behavior Behavior	8 bp deletion (mfP22) in the open reading frame N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	arcp-1	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
arginyl-transfer RNA synthetase (RARS)	Heat tolerance	Coding, SNP	Anolis cristatellus (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Campbell-Staton SC; Winchell KM; Rochette NC ; et al. (2020) Parallel selection on thermal physiology facilitates repeated adaptation of city lizards to urban he[...]	GP00002620	RARS2 Q5T160	Physiology	C>G threonine>serine at amino acid residue 558 of the RARS gene = adjacent to a predicted protein-binding region22 (AA556–557). There are four non-synonymous polymorphic sites within RARS. Only one shows a significant difference in allele frequency between forest and urban habitats across all populations.	Anolis cristatellus (species)	Anolis cristatellus (species) D	arginyl-transfer RNA synthetase (RARS)	Anolis cristatellus (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ARHGAP11B	Neocortex development (basal progenitor amplification)	Coding, SNP N	Homo sapiens human - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Florio M; Namba T; Pääbo S ; et al. (2016) A single splice site mutation in human-specific ARHGAP11B causes basal progenitor amplification.	GP00001442	ARHGAP11B Q3KRB8	Morphology	c.661C>G new splice site mutation removing 55nt from exon 5 truncating a GAP domain N	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species) D	ARHGAP11B	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ARHGEF3	Hematopoiesis (mean blood platelet volume & blood platelet count)	Cis-regulatory, SNP	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Guo MH; Nandakumar SK; Ulirsch JC ; et al. (2017) Comprehensive population-based genome sequencing provides insight into hematopoietic regulatory mech[...]	GP00001605	ARHGEF3 Q9NR81	Physiology	T>C at the associated SNP that disrupts a conserved GATA motif. This variant overlaps with a common-myeloid progenitor (CMP-) and megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor (MEP-) specific regulatory element that affects the transcription of ARHGEF3	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	ARHGEF3	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
aristaless	Coloration (wing, Mullerian mimicry)	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Heliconius cydno (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Westerman EL; VanKuren NW; Massardo D ; et al. (2018) Aristaless Controls Butterfly Wing Color Variation Used in Mimicry and Mate Choice.	GP00002059	al Q06453	Morphology	gain of expression - exact mutation unknown	Heliconius cydno (species)	Heliconius cydno (species) D	aristaless	Heliconius cydno (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ARNT-1c	Xenobiotic resistance (pollution)	Unknown, Unknown N	Fundulus grandis Gulf killifish - (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Oziolor EM; Reid NM; Yair S ; et al. (2019) Adaptive introgression enables evolutionary rescue from extreme environmental pollution.	GP00002672	P27540	Physiology	exact mutation(s) unknown - very good candidate gene according to high differentiation region on chromosome 8 and knowledge about the physiology. ARNT1c is a nuclear dimerization partner of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) required for activation of the xenobiotic response pathway. N	Fundulus grandis Gulf killifish - (species)	Fundulus grandis Gulf killifish - (species) D	ARNT-1c	Fundulus grandis Gulf killifish - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ARNT-L2a	Xenobiotic resistance (pollution)	Unknown, Unknown N	Fundulus grandis Gulf killifish - (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Oziolor EM; Reid NM; Yair S ; et al. (2019) Adaptive introgression enables evolutionary rescue from extreme environmental pollution.	GP00002671	P27540	Physiology	exact mutation(s) unknown - very good candidate gene according to high differentiation region on chromosome 10 and knowledge about the physiology. ARNT-L2a is a nuclear dimerization partner of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) required for activation of the xenobiotic response pathway. N	Fundulus grandis Gulf killifish - (species)	Fundulus grandis Gulf killifish - (species) D	ARNT-L2a	Fundulus grandis Gulf killifish - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
arrow	Coloration (wing)	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Danaus chrysippus African queen - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Martin SH; Singh KS; Gordon IJ ; et al. (2020) Whole-chromosome hitchhiking driven by a male-killing endosymbiont.	GP00002431	cnn P54623	Morphology	The strongest associations with forewing tip (C locus) occur at the gene arrow and a phylogenetic network for a 100-kb region around this gene similarly clusters individuals by phenotype. In Drosophila Arrow is essential for Wnt signalling in wing development	Danaus chrysippus African queen - (species)	Danaus chrysippus African queen - (species)	arrow	Danaus chrysippus African queen - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
AT5G41740/AT5G41750	Hybrid incompatibility (auto-immune necrosis)	Unknown, Unknown	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Bomblies K; Lempe J; Epple P ; et al. (2007) Autoimmune response as a mechanism for a Dobzhansky-Muller-type incompatibility syndrome in plants.	GP00000105	MUF8.2 F4JYI4	Physiology	unknown	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	AT5G41740/AT5G41750	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
AtGA20ox1 (=GA5=Sd1)	Plant size (dwarfism)	Coding, Deletion N	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Luo Y; Dong X; Yu T ; et al. (2015) A Single Nucleotide Deletion in Gibberellin20-oxidase1 Causes Alpine Dwarfism in Arabidopsis.	GP00001243	GA20OX1 Q39110	Morphology	-1bp at position 184 causing premature stop N	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species) D	AtGA20ox1 (=GA5=Sd1)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
AtHKT1	Salt tolerance	Cis-regulatory, Deletion	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Rus A; Baxter I; Muthukumar B ; et al. (2006) Natural variants of AtHKT1 enhance Na+ accumulation in two wild populations of Arabidopsis. 1 Additional References Baxter I; Brazelton JN; Yu D (2010) A coastal cline in sodium accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana is driven by natural variation of the[...]	GP00000124	HKT1 Q84TI7	Physiology	725bp deletion of part of upstream repeat region	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species) D	AtHKT1	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
AtHKT1	Salt tolerance	Cis-regulatory, Deletion	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Rus A; Baxter I; Muthukumar B ; et al. (2006) Natural variants of AtHKT1 enhance Na+ accumulation in two wild populations of Arabidopsis. 1 Additional References Baxter I; Brazelton JN; Yu D (2010) A coastal cline in sodium accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana is driven by natural variation of the[...]	GP00000125	HKT1 Q84TI7	Physiology	687bp deletion of part of upstream repeat region	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species) D	AtHKT1	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
AtMYC1	Trichome density (leaf)	Coding, SNP	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Symonds VV; Hatlestad G; Lloyd AM (2011) Natural allelic variation defines a role for ATMYC1: trichome cell fate determination. 1 Additional References Symonds VV; Godoy AV; Alconada T (2005) Mapping quantitative trait loci in multiple populations of Arabidopsis thaliana identifies natural a[...]	GP00001268	BHLH12 Q8W2F1	Morphology	P189A	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	AtMYC1	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ATP2B4	Pathogen resistance (Plasmodium; malaria parasite)	Unknown, Unknown	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Timmann C; Thye T; Vens M ; et al. (2012) Genome-wide association study indicates two novel resistance loci for severe malaria.	GP00000127	ATP2B4 P23634	Physiology	unknown	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	ATP2B4	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ATR13	Pathogenicity	Coding, SNP	Hyaloperonospora parasitica (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Allen RL; Bittner-Eddy PD; Grenville-Briggs LJ ; et al. (2004) Host-parasite coevolutionary conflict between Arabidopsis and downy mildew. 1 Additional References Allen RL; Meitz JC; Baumber RE (2008) Natural variation reveals key amino acids in a downy mildew effector that alters recognition specifi[...]	GP00000128	Atr13 Q5G7K8	Physiology	Multiple coding changes - the avirulence allele ATR13‐Maks9 and the virulence allele ATR13‐Emoy2 only encode differences in the C‐terminal domain (in 11 amino acids) - domain swaps show that one or more of the amino acids in Region A are required for recognition and one or more in Region B are required to elicit a full recognition phenotype. - exact causing mutations unknown	Hyaloperonospora parasitica (species)	Hyaloperonospora parasitica (species)	ATR13	Hyaloperonospora parasitica (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ATXN1	Body fat distribution (attenuation)	Unknown, Unknown	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Chu AY; Deng X; Fisher VA ; et al. (2017) Multiethnic genome-wide meta-analysis of ectopic fat depots identifies loci associated with adipocyt[...]	GP00001552	ATXN1 P54253	Physiology	A>G in associated SNP	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	ATXN1	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
avpr1a	Male sexual fidelity (monogamous regime)	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Microtus ochrogaster prairie vole - (species)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Okhovat M; Berrio A; Wallace G ; et al. (2015) Sexual fidelity trade-offs promote regulatory variation in the prairie vole brain. 1 Additional References Berrio A; Guerrero RF; Aglyamova GV (2018) Complex selection on a regulator of social cognition: Evidence of balancing selection, regulatory in[...]	GP00000129	Avpr1a Q62463	Behavior	unknown	Microtus ochrogaster prairie vole - (species)	Microtus ochrogaster prairie vole - (species)	avpr1a	Microtus ochrogaster prairie vole - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
AZI1	Root growth (root growth responses to low zinc conditions)	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Bouain N; Satbhai SB; Korte A ; et al. (2018) Natural allelic variation of the AZI1 gene controls root growth under zinc-limiting condition.	GP00001769	AZI1 Q9SU35	Physiology	exact causing mutation(s) unknown	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	AZI1	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
bab	Coloration (abdomen ; sexual trait ; plasticity)	Cis-regulatory, Deletion	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	De Castro S; Peronnet F; Gilles JF ; et al. (2018) bric à brac (bab), a central player in the gene regulatory network that mediates thermal plasticity [...]	GP00002423	bab1 Q9W0K7	Morphology	a 56-bp deletion that removes two binding sites for Abdominal B (Abd-B), a direct activator of bab, is present in a cis-regulatiry region of bab1 (within the first intron of bab1) in the Dark line.	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	bab	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
bab	Insect pheromone attraction	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Ostrinia nubilalis European corn borer - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Unbehend M; Kozak GM; Koutroumpa F ; et al. (2021) bric à brac controls sex pheromone choice by male European corn borer moths.	GP00002424	bab1 Q9W0K7	Behavior; Physiology	A genome-wide association study of pheromone preference under field conditions indicates that preference is controlled by sequence variation within the 293 kb bab intron 1.	Ostrinia nubilalis European corn borer - (species)	Ostrinia nubilalis European corn borer - (species)	bab	Ostrinia nubilalis European corn borer - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
bab	Coloration (abdomen; female)	2 Mutations: Cis-regulatory SNP	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Rogers WA; Salomone JR; Tacy DJ ; et al. (2013) Recurrent modification of a conserved cis-regulatory element underlies fruit fly pigmentation divers[...]	GP00002610	bab1 Q9W0K7	Morphology	2 mutations	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	bab	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
bab	Coloration (abdomen; female)	2 Mutations: Cis-regulatory SNP	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Rogers WA; Salomone JR; Tacy DJ ; et al. (2013) Recurrent modification of a conserved cis-regulatory element underlies fruit fly pigmentation divers[...]	GP00002611	bab1 Q9W0K7	Morphology	2 mutations	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	bab	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
bab1	Coloration (abdomen)	3 Mutations: Cis-regulatory Unknown	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Kopp A; Graze RM; Xu S ; et al. (2003) Quantitative trait loci responsible for variation in sexually dimorphic traits in Drosophila melanog[...] 1 Additional References Bickel RD; Kopp A; Nuzhdin SV (2011) Composite effects of polymorphisms near multiple regulatory elements create a major-effect QTL.	GP00000130	bab1 Q9W0K7	Morphology	3 mutations	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	bab1	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
bab2	Fertility (ovariole number)	Unknown, Unknown	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Green DA; Extavour CG (2012) Convergent evolution of a reproductive trait through distinct developmental mechanisms in Drosophila[...] 1 Additional References Bergland AO; Genissel A; Nuzhdin SV (2008) Quantitative trait loci affecting phenotypic plasticity and the allometric relationship of ovariole [...]	GP00000132	bab2 Q9W0K4	Physiology	unknown ; loss of function reduces ovariole number	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	bab2	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
BAK1	Hematopoiesis (blood platelet count)	Unknown, Unknown	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Guo MH; Nandakumar SK; Ulirsch JC ; et al. (2017) Comprehensive population-based genome sequencing provides insight into hematopoietic regulatory mech[...]	GP00001616	BAK1 Q16611	Physiology	A>G at the associated SNP	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	BAK1	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
BarH1	Coloration (wing; sex-specific; female-specific)	Cis-regulatory, Insertion	Colias croceus clouded yellow - (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Woronik A; Tunström K; Perry MW ; et al. (2019) A transposable element insertion is associated with an alternative life history strategy.	GP00002095	B-H1 Q24255	Morphology	insertion of a Jockey-like transposable element 6 kb downstream of the Colias homolog of BarH-1. BarH-1 expression suppresses orange coloration in the wings.	Colias croceus clouded yellow - (species)	Colias croceus clouded yellow - (species) D	BarH1	Colias croceus clouded yellow - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
BCMA	Glucosinolate content Herbivore resistance	3 Mutations:	Boechera stricta (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Prasad KV; Song BH; Olson-Manning C ; et al. (2012) A gain-of-function polymorphism controlling complex traits and fitness in nature.	GP00000136	J9QWI9	Physiology Physiology	3 mutations	Boechera stricta (species)	Boechera stricta (species)	BCMA	Boechera stricta (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
BCO2 = beta-carotene oxygenase 2	Coloration (ventral scales)	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Podarcis muralis Common wall lizard - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Andrade P; Pinho C; Pérez I de Lanuza G ; et al. (2019) Regulatory changes in pterin and carotenoid genes underlie balanced color polymorphisms in the wall [...]	GP00002120	Bco2 Q99NF1	Morphology		Podarcis muralis Common wall lizard - (species)	Podarcis muralis Common wall lizard - (species)	BCO2 = beta-carotene oxygenase 2	Podarcis muralis Common wall lizard - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
BCO2 = beta-carotene oxygenase 2	Coloration (beak)	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Geospiza scandens (species) D Geospiza fortis medium ground-finch - (species) D Geospiza conirostris (species) D Geospiza magnirostris (species) D Geospiza fuliginosa (species) D Camarhynchus parvulus (species) D Camarhynchus pauper (species) D Camarhynchus pallidus woodpecker finch - (species) D Geospiza difficilis (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Enbody ED; Sprehn CG; Abzhanov A ; et al. (2021) A multispecies BCO2 beak color polymorphism in the Darwin's finch radiation.	GP00002384	BCO2 Q9BYV7	Morphology	"By closely inspecting this region in a combined sample of all 456 finches of the two species we identified a single exonic SNP with a likelihood ratio test (LRT) statistic exceeding 166 (Figure 1C). It is also the only consistently elevated SNP in an analysis of each species alone (Figure S1), is the best fit variant under a recessive model (STAR Methods), and occurs on multiple haplotypes (Figure S1C). This SNP (chr24:6,166,878; p6166878 hereafter) leads to a synonymous change 32 bp into exon 4 of BCO2. " "The functional importance of the observed synonymous change is uncertain, and the presence of an unidentified linked causal variant cannot be completely ruled out (see Conclusions). However, a functional explanation is possible because codon usage can be under strong selection30 and may have functional consequences on translation,30 RNA stability,31 and transcription.32 Notably, p6166878 changes the highest frequency valine codon (ƒGTG = 27.3%) to the lowest (ƒGTA = 7.6%) in the reference genome. This is in line with the observed phenotypic effect of the yellow mutation because a lower abundance codon is expected to be associated with lower protein expression.33 In this case, less BCO2 activity results in more carotenoid deposition in the yellow morph. In fact, we found that yellow homozygotes showed significantly lower BCO2 expression compared to pink homozygotes in the upper beak of developing embryos (Figure 1F) that were sourced from a variety of different species and islands (Table S1): small sample sizes prohibit species-specific analysis. Among the six heterozygous individuals, the pink allele was expressed more than the yellow allele in five samples tested using a droplet-digital PCR (Figure S2C). Differences in expression between the two alleles, and in the absence of alternative splice variants (STAR Methods), raise the possibility that the synonymous change alters transcription factor binding affinity in exon 4. Further research into tissue-specific expression and the specific transcription factors that regulate BCO2 is warranted."	Geospiza scandens (species) Geospiza fortis medium ground-finch - (species) Geospiza conirostris (species) Geospiza magnirostris (species) Geospiza fuliginosa (species) Camarhynchus parvulus (species) Camarhynchus pauper (species) Camarhynchus pallidus woodpecker finch - (species) Geospiza difficilis (species)	Geospiza scandens (species) D Geospiza fortis medium ground-finch - (species) D Geospiza conirostris (species) D Geospiza magnirostris (species) D Geospiza fuliginosa (species) D Camarhynchus parvulus (species) D Camarhynchus pauper (species) D Camarhynchus pallidus woodpecker finch - (species) D Geospiza difficilis (species) D	BCO2 = beta-carotene oxygenase 2	Geospiza scandens (species) Geospiza fortis medium ground-finch - (species) Geospiza conirostris (species) Geospiza magnirostris (species) Geospiza fuliginosa (species) Camarhynchus parvulus (species) Camarhynchus pauper (species) Camarhynchus pallidus woodpecker finch - (species) Geospiza difficilis (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Beta-glucosidase6 (BGLU6)	Resistance to UV irradiation (flavonol glycosylation)	Coding, SNP N	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Ishihara H; Tohge T; Viehöver P ; et al. (2016) Natural variation in flavonol accumulation in Arabidopsis is determined by the flavonol glucosyltran[...] 1 Additional References Keurentjes JJ; Fu J; de Vos CH (2006) The genetics of plant metabolism.	GP00001263	BGLU6 Q682B4	Physiology	T-> A of a splice site at position 168 N	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species) D	Beta-glucosidase6 (BGLU6)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Beta-glucosidase6 (BGLU6)	Resistance to UV irradiation (flavonol glycosylation)	Coding, Deletion N	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Ishihara H; Tohge T; Viehöver P ; et al. (2016) Natural variation in flavonol accumulation in Arabidopsis is determined by the flavonol glucosyltran[...] 1 Additional References Keurentjes JJ; Fu J; de Vos CH (2006) The genetics of plant metabolism.	GP00001264	BGLU6 Q682B4	Physiology	1-bp deletion of a splice site at position 395 N	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species) D	Beta-glucosidase6 (BGLU6)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Beta-glucosidase6 (BGLU6)	Resistance to UV irradiation (flavonol glycosylation)	Coding, SNP N	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Ishihara H; Tohge T; Viehöver P ; et al. (2016) Natural variation in flavonol accumulation in Arabidopsis is determined by the flavonol glucosyltran[...] 1 Additional References Keurentjes JJ; Fu J; de Vos CH (2006) The genetics of plant metabolism.	GP00001265	BGLU6 Q682B4	Physiology	GAG to stop codon TAG at position 913 N	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Beta-glucosidase6 (BGLU6)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Beta-glucosidase6 (BGLU6)	Resistance to UV irradiation (flavonol glycosylation)	Coding, Deletion N	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Ishihara H; Tohge T; Viehöver P ; et al. (2016) Natural variation in flavonol accumulation in Arabidopsis is determined by the flavonol glucosyltran[...] 1 Additional References Keurentjes JJ; Fu J; de Vos CH (2006) The genetics of plant metabolism.	GP00001266	BGLU6 Q682B4	Physiology	A deletion of one nucleotide in the seventh exon (BGLU6 CDS position 678) results in a premature stop codon in the accessions Bor-4, Se-0, Uod-1, and Zdr-1. premature stop codon N	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species) D	Beta-glucosidase6 (BGLU6)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Beta-glucosidase6 (BGLU6)	Resistance to UV irradiation (flavonol glycosylation)	Coding, SNP N	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Ishihara H; Tohge T; Viehöver P ; et al. (2016) Natural variation in flavonol accumulation in Arabidopsis is determined by the flavonol glucosyltran[...] 1 Additional References Keurentjes JJ; Fu J; de Vos CH (2006) The genetics of plant metabolism.	GP00001267	BGLU6 Q682B4	Physiology	GAG to stop codon TAG at position 1138 N	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Beta-glucosidase6 (BGLU6)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, SNP	Haemonchus contortus barber pole worm - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Kwa MS; Veenstra JG; Roos MH (1994) Benzimidazole resistance in Haemonchus contortus is correlated with a conserved mutation at amino ac[...] 1 Additional References Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001785	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Phe200Tyr	Haemonchus contortus barber pole worm - (species)	Haemonchus contortus barber pole worm - (species) D	beta-tubulin	Haemonchus contortus barber pole worm - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, SNP	Trichostrongylus colubriformis (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Kwa MS; Veenstra JG; Roos MH (1994) Benzimidazole resistance in Haemonchus contortus is correlated with a conserved mutation at amino ac[...] 1 Additional References Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001786	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Phe200Tyr	Trichostrongylus colubriformis (species)	Trichostrongylus colubriformis (species) D	beta-tubulin	Trichostrongylus colubriformis (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)	Coding, SNP	Venturia inaequalis (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...] 1 Additional References Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001788	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Phe200Tyr	Venturia inaequalis (species)	Venturia inaequalis (species) D	beta-tubulin	Venturia inaequalis (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)	Coding, SNP	D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...] 1 Additional References Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001789	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Phe200Tyr		D	beta-tubulin		Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)	Coding, SNP	Penicillium italicum (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...] 1 Additional References Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001790	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Phe200Tyr	Penicillium italicum (species)	Penicillium italicum (species) D	beta-tubulin	Penicillium italicum (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)	Coding, SNP	Penicillium aurantiogriseum (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...] 1 Additional References Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001791	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Phe200Tyr	Penicillium aurantiogriseum (species)	Penicillium aurantiogriseum (species) D	beta-tubulin	Penicillium aurantiogriseum (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)	Coding, SNP	Penicillium aurantiogriseum (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...] 1 Additional References Fujimura M; Oeda K; Inoue H (1990 ) Mechanism of action of N-phenylcarbamates in benzimidazole-resistant Neurospora strains	GP00001792	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Glu198Lys	Penicillium aurantiogriseum (species)	Penicillium aurantiogriseum (species) D	beta-tubulin	Penicillium aurantiogriseum (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)	Coding, SNP	Penicillium viridicatum (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...] 1 Additional References Fujimura M; Oeda K; Inoue H (1990 ) Mechanism of action of N-phenylcarbamates in benzimidazole-resistant Neurospora strains	GP00001793	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Glu198Lys	Penicillium viridicatum (species)	Penicillium viridicatum (species) D	beta-tubulin	Penicillium viridicatum (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)	Coding, SNP	Clarireedia homoeocarpa (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...] 1 Additional References Fujimura M; Oeda K; Inoue H (1990 ) Mechanism of action of N-phenylcarbamates in benzimidazole-resistant Neurospora strains	GP00001794	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Glu1198Lys	Clarireedia homoeocarpa (species)	Clarireedia homoeocarpa (species) D	beta-tubulin	Clarireedia homoeocarpa (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)	Coding, SNP	Venturia inaequalis (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...] 1 Additional References Fujimura M; Oeda K; Inoue H (1990 ) Mechanism of action of N-phenylcarbamates in benzimidazole-resistant Neurospora strains	GP00001795	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Glu1198Lys	Venturia inaequalis (species)	Venturia inaequalis (species) D	beta-tubulin	Venturia inaequalis (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)	Coding, SNP	Venturia inaequalis (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...] 1 Additional References Fujimura M; Oeda K; Inoue H (1990 ) Mechanism of action of N-phenylcarbamates in benzimidazole-resistant Neurospora strains	GP00001796	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Glu1198Ala	Venturia inaequalis (species)	Venturia inaequalis (species) D	beta-tubulin	Venturia inaequalis (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)	Coding, SNP	D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...] 1 Additional References Fujimura M; Oeda K; Inoue H (1990 ) Mechanism of action of N-phenylcarbamates in benzimidazole-resistant Neurospora strains	GP00001797	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Glu1198Ala		D	beta-tubulin		Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)	Coding, SNP	Monilinia fructicola (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...] 1 Additional References Fujimura M; Oeda K; Inoue H (1990 ) Mechanism of action of N-phenylcarbamates in benzimidazole-resistant Neurospora strains	GP00001798	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Glu1198Lys	Monilinia fructicola (species)	Monilinia fructicola (species) D	beta-tubulin	Monilinia fructicola (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)	Coding, SNP	Penicillium puberulum (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...] 1 Additional References Fujimura M; Oeda K; Inoue H (1990 ) Mechanism of action of N-phenylcarbamates in benzimidazole-resistant Neurospora strains	GP00001799	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Glu1198Lys	Penicillium puberulum (species)	Penicillium puberulum (species) D	beta-tubulin	Penicillium puberulum (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)	Coding, SNP	Penicillium puberulum (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...] 1 Additional References Fujimura M; Oeda K; Inoue H (1990 ) Mechanism of action of N-phenylcarbamates in benzimidazole-resistant Neurospora strains	GP00001800	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Glu1198Ala	Penicillium puberulum (species)	Penicillium puberulum (species) D	beta-tubulin	Penicillium puberulum (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)	Coding, SNP	Penicillium digitatum (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...] 1 Additional References Fujimura M; Oeda K; Inoue H (1990 ) Mechanism of action of N-phenylcarbamates in benzimidazole-resistant Neurospora strains	GP00001801	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Glu1198Lys	Penicillium digitatum (species)	Penicillium digitatum (species) D	beta-tubulin	Penicillium digitatum (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)	Coding, SNP	Penicillium expansum (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...] 1 Additional References Fujimura M; Oeda K; Inoue H (1990 ) Mechanism of action of N-phenylcarbamates in benzimidazole-resistant Neurospora strains	GP00001802	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Glu1198Ala	Penicillium expansum (species)	Penicillium expansum (species) D	beta-tubulin	Penicillium expansum (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)	Coding, SNP	Penicillium italicum (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...] 1 Additional References Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001803	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Glu198Lys	Penicillium italicum (species)	Penicillium italicum (species) D	beta-tubulin	Penicillium italicum (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, SNP	Teladorsagia circumcincta (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Elard L; Humbert JF (1999) Importance of the mutation of amino acid 200 of the isotype 1 beta-tubulin gene in the benzimidazole[...]	GP00001815	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Phe200Tyr	Teladorsagia circumcincta (species)	Teladorsagia circumcincta (species) D	beta-tubulin	Teladorsagia circumcincta (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, SNP	Haemonchus contortus barber pole worm - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Prichard R; Oxberry M; Bounhas Y ; et al. (2000 ) Polymerisation and benzimidazole binding assays with recombinant α-and β-tubulins from Haemonchus co[...] 2 Additional References Silvestre A; Cabaret J (2002) Mutation in position 167 of isotype 1 beta-tubulin gene of Trichostrongylid nematodes: role in benzi[...] Li J; Katiyar SK; Edlind TD (1996) Site-directed mutagenesis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae beta-tubulin: interaction between residue 167 [...]	GP00001816	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Phe167Tyr - In vitro assays have demonstrated that a Tyr residue in position 167 of b-tubulin impeded BZ binding with recombinant H. contortus b-tubulin (produced in a prokaryote system)	Haemonchus contortus barber pole worm - (species)	Haemonchus contortus barber pole worm - (species) D	beta-tubulin	Haemonchus contortus barber pole worm - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, SNP	Cyathostoma (genus) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Silvestre A; Cabaret J (2002) Mutation in position 167 of isotype 1 beta-tubulin gene of Trichostrongylid nematodes: role in benzi[...] 1 Additional References Li J; Katiyar SK; Edlind TD (1996) Site-directed mutagenesis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae beta-tubulin: interaction between residue 167 [...]	GP00001817	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Phe167Tyr - In vitro assays have demonstrated that a Tyr residue in position 167 of b-tubulin impeded BZ binding with recombinant H. contortus and S. cerevisiae b-tubulin (produced in a prokaryote system)	Cyathostoma (genus)	Cyathostoma (genus) D	beta-tubulin	Cyathostoma (genus)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, SNP	Neurospora crassa (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Orbach MJ; Porro EB; Yanofsky C (1986) Cloning and characterization of the gene for beta-tubulin from a benomyl-resistant mutant of Neurosp[...]	GP00001818	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Phe167Tyr	Neurospora crassa (species)	Neurospora crassa (species) D	beta-tubulin	Neurospora crassa (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, SNP	Teladorsagia circumcincta (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Silvestre A; Cabaret J (2002) Mutation in position 167 of isotype 1 beta-tubulin gene of Trichostrongylid nematodes: role in benzi[...]	GP00001819	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Phe167Tyr	Teladorsagia circumcincta (species)	Teladorsagia circumcincta (species) D	beta-tubulin	Teladorsagia circumcincta (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, SNP	Haemonchus contortus barber pole worm - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Ghisi M; Kaminsky R; Mäser P (2007) Phenotyping and genotyping of Haemonchus contortus isolates reveals a new putative candidate mutatio[...]	GP00001820	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Glu198Ala	Haemonchus contortus barber pole worm - (species)	Haemonchus contortus barber pole worm - (species) D	beta-tubulin	Haemonchus contortus barber pole worm - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, SNP	Oculimacula yallundae (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Albertini Catherine; Gredt Michel; Leroux Pierre (1999 ) Mutations of the β-tubulin gene associated with different phenotypes of benzimidazole resistance in [...]	GP00001821	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Phe200Tyr	Oculimacula yallundae (species)	Oculimacula yallundae (species) D	beta-tubulin	Oculimacula yallundae (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, SNP	Oculimacula acuformis (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Albertini Catherine; Gredt Michel; Leroux Pierre (1999 ) Mutations of the β-tubulin gene associated with different phenotypes of benzimidazole resistance in [...]	GP00001822	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Phe200Tyr	Oculimacula acuformis (species)	Oculimacula acuformis (species) D	beta-tubulin	Oculimacula acuformis (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, SNP	Oculimacula acuformis (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Albertini Catherine; Gredt Michel; Leroux Pierre (1999 ) Mutations of the β-tubulin gene associated with different phenotypes of benzimidazole resistance in [...] 1 Additional References Fujimura Makoto; Kamakura Takashi; Inoue Hirokazu (1992 ) Sensitivity of Neurospora crassa to benzimidazoles and N-phenylcarbamates: effect of amino acid subs[...]	GP00001823	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	E198A	Oculimacula acuformis (species)	Oculimacula acuformis (species) D	beta-tubulin	Oculimacula acuformis (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, SNP	Oculimacula acuformis (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Albertini Catherine; Gredt Michel; Leroux Pierre (1999 ) Mutations of the β-tubulin gene associated with different phenotypes of benzimidazole resistance in [...] 1 Additional References Fujimura Makoto; Kamakura Takashi; Inoue Hirokazu (1992 ) Sensitivity of Neurospora crassa to benzimidazoles and N-phenylcarbamates: effect of amino acid subs[...]	GP00001824	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	E198G	Oculimacula acuformis (species)	Oculimacula acuformis (species) D	beta-tubulin	Oculimacula acuformis (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, SNP	Oculimacula acuformis (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Albertini Catherine; Gredt Michel; Leroux Pierre (1999 ) Mutations of the β-tubulin gene associated with different phenotypes of benzimidazole resistance in [...] 1 Additional References Fujimura Makoto; Kamakura Takashi; Inoue Hirokazu (1992 ) Sensitivity of Neurospora crassa to benzimidazoles and N-phenylcarbamates: effect of amino acid subs[...]	GP00001825	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	E198K	Oculimacula acuformis (species)	Oculimacula acuformis (species) D	beta-tubulin	Oculimacula acuformis (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, SNP	Oculimacula yallundae (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Albertini Catherine; Gredt Michel; Leroux Pierre (1999 ) Mutations of the β-tubulin gene associated with different phenotypes of benzimidazole resistance in [...] 1 Additional References Fujimura Makoto; Kamakura Takashi; Inoue Hirokazu (1992 ) Sensitivity of Neurospora crassa to benzimidazoles and N-phenylcarbamates: effect of amino acid subs[...]	GP00001826	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	E198A	Oculimacula yallundae (species)	Oculimacula yallundae (species) D	beta-tubulin	Oculimacula yallundae (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, SNP	Oculimacula yallundae (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Albertini Catherine; Gredt Michel; Leroux Pierre (1999 ) Mutations of the β-tubulin gene associated with different phenotypes of benzimidazole resistance in [...] 1 Additional References Fujimura Makoto; Kamakura Takashi; Inoue Hirokazu (1992 ) Sensitivity of Neurospora crassa to benzimidazoles and N-phenylcarbamates: effect of amino acid subs[...]	GP00001827	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	E198G	Oculimacula yallundae (species)	Oculimacula yallundae (species) D	beta-tubulin	Oculimacula yallundae (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, SNP	Oculimacula yallundae (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Albertini Catherine; Gredt Michel; Leroux Pierre (1999 ) Mutations of the β-tubulin gene associated with different phenotypes of benzimidazole resistance in [...] 1 Additional References Fujimura Makoto; Kamakura Takashi; Inoue Hirokazu (1992 ) Sensitivity of Neurospora crassa to benzimidazoles and N-phenylcarbamates: effect of amino acid subs[...]	GP00001828	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	E198Q	Oculimacula yallundae (species)	Oculimacula yallundae (species) D	beta-tubulin	Oculimacula yallundae (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, SNP	Oculimacula yallundae (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Albertini Catherine; Gredt Michel; Leroux Pierre (1999 ) Mutations of the β-tubulin gene associated with different phenotypes of benzimidazole resistance in [...] 1 Additional References Fujimura Makoto; Kamakura Takashi; Inoue Hirokazu (1992 ) Sensitivity of Neurospora crassa to benzimidazoles and N-phenylcarbamates: effect of amino acid subs[...]	GP00001829	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	L240F	Oculimacula yallundae (species)	Oculimacula yallundae (species) D	beta-tubulin	Oculimacula yallundae (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, SNP N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC ; et al. (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001830	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	A185P - missense_variant_c.553G>C_3539974 – A185P N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, SNP N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC ; et al. (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001832	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	stop_gained_HIGH_c.1267C>T_3538394 N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, Insertion N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC ; et al. (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001833	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Trans_3538426_3538832 – insertion of a transposable element = a cut and paste DNA transposon Tc5B - which is part of the TcMar-Tc4 transposon superfamily– 406bp of the reference sequence seem to be disrupted- Steffen Hahnel comment : Since we didn't re-amplify the insertion by PCR; we don't know its exact location; sequence and size. Its identification is only based on the illumina reads of genome sequencing of JU3125. N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, SNP N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC ; et al. (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001834	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	missense_variant_MODERATE_c.1210G>A_3538451 – D404N N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, Deletion N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC ; et al. (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001835	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Del_3539006_3539808 – 802bp deletion of coding exon 4 N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, SNP N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC ; et al. (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001836	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	stop_gained_HIGH_c.1135A>T_3539335 N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, SNP N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC ; et al. (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001837	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	stop_gained_HIGH_c.1112C>A_3539358 N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, Deletion N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC ; et al. (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001838	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Del_3539375_3539378 – 3bp deletion in coding exon 4 predicted to cause a frameshift in the ben-1 open reading frame N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, Deletion N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC ; et al. (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001839	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Del_3539470_3539471 – 1bp deletion in coding exon 4 N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, Deletion N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC ; et al. (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001840	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Del_3539507_3539514 – 7bp deletion N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, Deletion N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC ; et al. (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001841	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Del_3539559_3539745 – 186 bp deletion in coding exon 4 N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, Insertion N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC ; et al. (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001842	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Ins_3539575_3539576 – Steffen Hahnel comment: 1 bp insertion in coding exon 4 N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, SNP N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC ; et al. (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001843	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	missense_variant_MODERATE_c.771G>A_3539699 – M257I N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, Deletion N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC ; et al. (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001844	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Del_3539746_3539908 – 162 bp deletion in exon3-4 N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, SNP N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC ; et al. (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001845	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	stop_gained_HIGH_c.549C>A_3539978 N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, SNP N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC ; et al. (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001846	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	missense_variant_MODERATE_c.434C>T_3540145 – S145F N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, SNP N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC ; et al. (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001847	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	missense_variant_MODERATE_c.392A>T_3540187 – comment from Steffen Hahnel: The amino acid change is Q131L. This strain was excluded from the original screen because it was slow growing. We re-phenotyped it later (see Sup Fig. 9) N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, Deletion N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC ; et al. (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001848	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Del_3540300_3540301 – 1bp deletion in coding exon 2 N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, Inversion N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC ; et al. (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001849	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Inv_3540316_3543965 – 3649bp inversion – the text indicates that there is “a 1kb inversion that spans exon 1 and the promoter region” but the nucleotide numbers in the supplemental table indicates that 3.6kb are disrupted. Steffen Hahnel comment: we don't know the exact size of this large structural variation. I estimated conservatively from the BAM files that a region of 3649 bp is messed up in this strain compared to wildtype including one or more inversions. The largest inversion is around 1 kb. If one wants to be sure about size and location you would need to amplify this region by PCR N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, Unknown N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC ; et al. (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001850	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Del_3540369_3540369 and missense_variant_c.206A>G_3540373 E69G - the amino acid substitution (E69G) co-occurs with a deletion in exon 2 that is predicted to cause a frameshift in the ben-1 open reading frame – not sure which mutation or both are responsible for the phenotype N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, Deletion N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC ; et al. (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001851	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Del_3540407_3540408 – 1bp deletion in coding exon 2 N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, Deletion N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC ; et al. (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001852	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Del_3540970_3544000 – 3030bp deletion N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, Deletion N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC ; et al. (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001853	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Del_3541317_3541856 – 539 bp deletion in first coding exon N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, SNP N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC ; et al. (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001854	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	splice_donor_variant and intron_variant – first coding exon – c.166+1G>A_3541427 N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, SNP N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC ; et al. (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001855	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	stop_gained_HIGH_c.153T>G_3541441 N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, Deletion N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC ; et al. (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001856	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Del_3541499_3541502 – 3bp deletion in first coding exon N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, Insertion N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC ; et al. (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001857	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Ins_3541547_3541548 – 1 bp insertion in first coding exon N	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species) D	beta-tubulin (ben-1)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin (ben4)	Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)	Coding, SNP	Aspergillus nidulans (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Jung MK; Wilder IB; Oakley BR (1992) Amino acid alterations in the benA (beta-tubulin) gene of Aspergillus nidulans that confer benomyl r[...] 1 Additional References Hahnel SR; Zdraljevic S; Rodriguez BC (2018) Extreme allelic heterogeneity at a Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin locus explains natural resist[...]	GP00001787	TUB2 P02557	Physiology	Phe200Tyr	Aspergillus nidulans (species)	Aspergillus nidulans (species) D	beta-tubulin (ben4)	Aspergillus nidulans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
BHLHE41	Hypoxia response	Unknown, Unknown	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Huerta-Sánchez E; Degiorgio M; Pagani L ; et al. (2013) Genetic signatures reveal high-altitude adaptation in a set of ethiopian populations.	GP00000144	BHLHE41 Q9C0J9	Physiology	unknown	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	BHLHE41	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
BMP6	Tooth number	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Gasterosteus aculeatus three-spined stickleback - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Cleves PA; Ellis NA; Jimenez MT ; et al. (2014) Evolved tooth gain in sticklebacks is associated with a cis-regulatory allele of Bmp6. 2 Additional References Ellis NA; Glazer AM; Donde NN (2015) Distinct developmental genetic mechanisms underlie convergently evolved tooth gain in sticklebacks. Erickson PA; Cleves PA; Ellis NA (2015) A 190 base pair, TGF-β responsive tooth and fin enhancer is required for stickleback Bmp6 expression[...]	GP00000154	Bmp6 P20722	Morphology	Candidate enhancer of 190bp recapitulating tooth and fin expression of BMP6	Gasterosteus aculeatus three-spined stickleback - (species)	Gasterosteus aculeatus three-spined stickleback - (species) D	BMP6	Gasterosteus aculeatus three-spined stickleback - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Brassinosteroid-deficient dwarf1 (brd1)	Plant size (height)	Unknown, Unknown	Zea mays (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Peiffer JA; Romay MC; Gore MA ; et al. (2014) The genetic architecture of maize height.	GP00001628	ZEAMMB73_Zm00001d033180 A0A1D6KWT1	Morphology	On chromosome 1 two C>T transitions reduce plant height in 18RIL families	Zea mays (species)	Zea mays (species)	Brassinosteroid-deficient dwarf1 (brd1)	Zea mays (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Brevis radix (BRX)	Root size (shorter)	Coding, SNP N	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Mouchel CF; Briggs GC; Hardtke CS (2004) Natural genetic variation in Arabidopsis identifies BREVIS RADIX, a novel regulator of cell prolifer[...]	GP00000157	BRX Q17TI5	Morphology	premature stop codon in exon 4; TGG>TGA; truncated protein missing approximately two-thirds of the C terminus N	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Brevis radix (BRX)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Brevis radix (BRX)	pH tolerance (acidic soil)	Coding, SNP N	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Gujas B; Alonso-Blanco C; Hardtke CS (2012) Natural Arabidopsis brx loss-of-function alleles confer root adaptation to acidic soil.	GP00001236	BRX Q17TI5	Physiology	K188* (stop codon) N	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Brevis radix (BRX)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Brevis radix (BRX)	Root growth	Coding, Deletion	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Beuchat J; Li S; Ragni L ; et al. (2010) A hyperactive quantitative trait locus allele of Arabidopsis BRX contributes to natural variation in[...]	GP00001262	BRX Q17TI5	Morphology	21bp deletion at position in spacer 3 (position not given)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species) D	Brevis radix (BRX)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
BvCPSF73-Ia	Bolting time	Coding, Deletion N	Beta vulgaris (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Tränkner C; Lemnian IM; Emrani N ; et al. (2016) A Detailed Analysis of the BR Locus Suggests a New Mechanism for Bolting after Winter in Sugar Beet [...]	GP00001411	CPSF73-I Q9C952	Physiology	2bp deletion causing a frameshift resulting in a two third truncated protein N	Beta vulgaris (species)	Beta vulgaris (species) D	BvCPSF73-Ia	Beta vulgaris (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
cadherin	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry1Ac)	Coding, Unknown N	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Xu X; Yu L; Wu Y (2005) Disruption of a cadherin gene associated with resistance to Cry1Ac {delta}-endotoxin of Bacillus thu[...]	GP00000160	BtR Q19KJ3	Physiology	premature stop codon in exon 4; truncated protein missing approximately two-thirds of the C terminus N	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species)	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species) D	cadherin	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
cadherin	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, Insertion N	Heliothis virescens tobacco budworm - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Gahan LJ; Gould F; Heckel DG (2001) Identification of a gene associated with Bt resistance in Heliothis virescens.	GP00000161	BtR Q19KJ3	Physiology	Insertion of retrotransposon N	Heliothis virescens tobacco budworm - (species)	Heliothis virescens tobacco budworm - (species) D	cadherin	Heliothis virescens tobacco budworm - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
cadherin	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, Deletion N	Pectinophora gossypiella pink bollworm - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Morin S; Biggs RW; Sisterson MS ; et al. (2003) Three cadherin alleles associated with resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis in pink bollworm. 1 Additional References Zhang H; Tian W; Zhao J (2012) Diverse genetic basis of field-evolved resistance to Bt cotton in cotton bollworm from China.	GP00000162	BtR Q19KJ3	Physiology	126bp in-frame deletion N	Pectinophora gossypiella pink bollworm - (species)	Pectinophora gossypiella pink bollworm - (species) D	cadherin	Pectinophora gossypiella pink bollworm - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
cadherin	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, Deletion N	Pectinophora gossypiella pink bollworm - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Morin S; Biggs RW; Sisterson MS ; et al. (2003) Three cadherin alleles associated with resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis in pink bollworm. 1 Additional References Zhang H; Tian W; Zhao J (2012) Diverse genetic basis of field-evolved resistance to Bt cotton in cotton bollworm from China.	GP00000163	BtR Q19KJ3	Physiology	202bp deletion N	Pectinophora gossypiella pink bollworm - (species)	Pectinophora gossypiella pink bollworm - (species) D	cadherin	Pectinophora gossypiella pink bollworm - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
cadherin	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, Deletion	Pectinophora gossypiella pink bollworm - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Morin S; Biggs RW; Sisterson MS ; et al. (2003) Three cadherin alleles associated with resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis in pink bollworm. 1 Additional References Zhang H; Tian W; Zhao J (2012) Diverse genetic basis of field-evolved resistance to Bt cotton in cotton bollworm from China.	GP00000164	BtR Q19KJ3	Physiology	24bp in-frame deletion	Pectinophora gossypiella pink bollworm - (species)	Pectinophora gossypiella pink bollworm - (species) D	cadherin	Pectinophora gossypiella pink bollworm - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
cadherin	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Pectinophora gossypiella pink bollworm - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Zhang H; Tian W; Zhao J ; et al. (2012) Diverse genetic basis of field-evolved resistance to Bt cotton in cotton bollworm from China.	GP00000165	BtR Q19KJ3	Physiology	E1266L R1268E and E1270V - whether each mutation has an effect or only one of them is unknown	Pectinophora gossypiella pink bollworm - (species)	Pectinophora gossypiella pink bollworm - (species) D	cadherin	Pectinophora gossypiella pink bollworm - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
cadherin	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry1Ac)	Coding, SNP N	Helicoverpa punctigera (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Walsh T; James B; Chakroun M ; et al. (2018) Isolating, characterising and identifying a Cry1Ac resistance mutation in field populations of Helic[...]	GP00002055	BtR Q19KJ3	Physiology	splice site GT mutated in GA so that splicing does not occur correctly and a 58 bp insertion is found in the cDNA sequence of the cadherin gene. This insertion disrupts the coding sequence in cadherin domain 9 causing a downstream frameshift and a premature stop codon for the rest of the protein. This would result in a truncated protein of 1243 amino acids without the putative binding domain; the membrane anchoring domain; presumably retained inside the cell and not exposed to the Cry1Ac; or alternatively; exported into the gut where it would be degraded N	Helicoverpa punctigera (species)	Helicoverpa punctigera (species) D	cadherin	Helicoverpa punctigera (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
cadherin	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry1Ac toxin)	Coding, Deletion	Ostrinia furnacalis Asian corn borer - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Jin T; Chang X; Gatehouse AM ; et al. (2014) Downregulation and mutation of a Cadherin gene associated with Cry1Ac resistance in the Asian Corn B[...] 1 Additional References Jurat-Fuentes JL; Heckel DG; Ferré J (2021) Mechanisms of Resistance to Insecticidal Proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis.	GP00002464	A0A1B0RHM4	Physiology	MPR-r2 has a 26-amino acid residue deletion in the TBR which results in reduced binding of Cry1Ac compared to the MPR from the susceptible strain.	Ostrinia furnacalis Asian corn borer - (species)	Ostrinia furnacalis Asian corn borer - (species) D	cadherin	Ostrinia furnacalis Asian corn borer - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
cadherin	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry1Ac toxin)	Coding, SNP	Ostrinia furnacalis Asian corn borer - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Jin T; Chang X; Gatehouse AM ; et al. (2014) Downregulation and mutation of a Cadherin gene associated with Cry1Ac resistance in the Asian Corn B[...] 1 Additional References Jurat-Fuentes JL; Heckel DG; Ferré J (2021) Mechanisms of Resistance to Insecticidal Proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis.	GP00002465	A0A1B0RHM4	Physiology	Thr1457Ser	Ostrinia furnacalis Asian corn borer - (species)	Ostrinia furnacalis Asian corn borer - (species) D	cadherin	Ostrinia furnacalis Asian corn borer - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
calmodulin binding hydrolase	Xenobiotic resistance (soil contamination; serpentine)	Unknown, Unknown	Arabidopsis arenosa (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Arnold BJ; Lahner B; DaCosta JM ; et al. (2016) Borrowed alleles and convergence in serpentine adaptation.	GP00001438	Q9FHQ0	Physiology	unknown	Arabidopsis arenosa (species)	Arabidopsis arenosa (species) D	calmodulin binding hydrolase	Arabidopsis arenosa (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Camta3	Plant size (height)	Unknown, Unknown	Zea mays (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Peiffer JA; Romay MC; Gore MA ; et al. (2014) The genetic architecture of maize height.	GP00001629	CAMTA3 Q8GSA7	Morphology	C>T transition on chromosome 3	Zea mays (species)	Zea mays (species)	Camta3	Zea mays (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Casparian strip membrane domain protein 1	Xenobiotic resistance (soil contamination; serpentine)	Unknown, Unknown	Arabidopsis arenosa (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Arnold BJ; Lahner B; DaCosta JM ; et al. (2016) Borrowed alleles and convergence in serpentine adaptation.	GP00001432	CASP1 Q9SIH4	Physiology	five aa sustitutions	Arabidopsis arenosa (species)	Arabidopsis arenosa (species) D	Casparian strip membrane domain protein 1	Arabidopsis arenosa (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT)	Pain sensitivity	Cis-regulatory, SNP	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Nackley AG; Shabalina SA; Tchivileva IE ; et al. (2006) Human catechol-O-methyltransferase haplotypes modulate protein expression by altering mRNA secondary[...]	GP00000171	COMT P21964	Behavior	G/C - The synonymous mutation(s) affect mRNA stability and loop structures	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Catecholamines up	Bristle number Lifespan Locomotor activity Sleep	Coding, Unknown	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Carbone MA; Jordan KW; Lyman RF ; et al. (2006) Phenotypic variation and natural selection at catsup, a pleiotropic quantitative trait gene in Droso[...] 1 Additional References Stein MB; Koverola C; Hanna C (1997) Hippocampal volume in women victimized by childhood sexual abuse.	GP00000172	Catsup Q9V3A4	Morphology Physiology Behavior Behavior	unknown; but most large-effect variants appear to be coding	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Catecholamines up	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CBF gene cluster	Temperature tolerance (cold)	Unknown, Unknown	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Gery C; Zuther E; Schulz E ; et al. (2011) Natural variation in the freezing tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana: effects of RNAi-induced CBF dep[...]	GP00000174	B1NSN2	Physiology	unknown	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	CBF gene cluster	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein alpha (CEBPA)	Hematopoiesis (blood basophil count)	Cis-regulatory, SNP	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Guo MH; Nandakumar SK; Ulirsch JC ; et al. (2017) Comprehensive population-based genome sequencing provides insight into hematopoietic regulatory mech[...]	GP00001603	CEBPA P49715	Physiology	C>T at the associated SNP which resides 39kb dowstream from CEBPA near a separate enhancer that influences CEBPA expression along various myeloid lineages. T allele was associated with a 28.6% reduction in enhancer activity.	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein alpha (CEBPA)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ccdc170	Coloration	Unknown, Unknown	Anolis sagrei Brown anole - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Feiner N; Brun-Usan M; Andrade P ; et al. (2022) A single locus regulates a female-limited color pattern polymorphism in a reptile.	GP00002363	Ccdc170 D3YXL0	Morphology		Anolis sagrei Brown anole - (species)	Anolis sagrei Brown anole - (species)	ccdc170	Anolis sagrei Brown anole - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CCL3L1	Pathogen resistance (HIV)	Gene Amplification, Indel	Homo sapiens human - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Gonzalez E; Kulkarni H; Bolivar H ; et al. (2005) The influence of CCL3L1 gene-containing segmental duplications on HIV-1/AIDS susceptibility.	GP00000177	CCL3L1 P16619	Physiology	Copy number Variant	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species) D	CCL3L1	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CG11699	Xenobiotic resistance	Cis-regulatory, Insertion	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Mateo L; Ullastres A; González J (2014) A transposable element insertion confers xenobiotic resistance in Drosophila.	GP00001399	Dmel\CG11699 Q9VYX5	Physiology	insertion of a 186bp POGON1 element in the 3'UTR	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	CG11699	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Chalcone synthase D (CHS-D)	Coloration (flower)	Unknown, Insertion	Ipomoea purpurea common morning-glory - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Habu Y; Hisatomi Y; Iida S (1998) Molecular characterization of the mutable flaked allele for flower variegation in the common morning[...]	GP00001459	CHSD O22045	Morphology	insertion of a 3.9kb long transposable element Tip100 in intron	Ipomoea purpurea common morning-glory - (species)	Ipomoea purpurea common morning-glory - (species) D	Chalcone synthase D (CHS-D)	Ipomoea purpurea common morning-glory - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Chalcone synthase D (CHS-D)	Coloration (flower)	Unknown, Insertion	Ipomoea purpurea common morning-glory - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Habu Y; Hisatomi Y; Iida S (1998) Molecular characterization of the mutable flaked allele for flower variegation in the common morning[...]	GP00001460	CHSD O22045	Morphology	2 insertions of Tip100 in opposite orientation at different sites within the same intron	Ipomoea purpurea common morning-glory - (species)	Ipomoea purpurea common morning-glory - (species) D	Chalcone synthase D (CHS-D)	Ipomoea purpurea common morning-glory - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Chalk5	Grain chalkiness Amylose content Grain yield	Cis-regulatory, SNP	Oryza sativa rice - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Li Y; Fan C; Xing Y ; et al. (2014) Chalk5 encodes a vacuolar H(+)-translocating pyrophosphatase influencing grain chalkiness in rice.	GP00001309	Chalk5 A2Y0L3	Morphology Physiology Physiology	Two candidate SNPs at positions -721 and - 485 in promoter region	Oryza sativa rice - (species)	Oryza sativa rice - (species)	Chalk5	Oryza sativa rice - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Chitin synthase 1 (CHS1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide ; benzoylurea)	Coding, SNP	Plutella xylostella diamondback moth - (species)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Douris V; Steinbach D; Panteleri R ; et al. (2016) Resistance mutation conserved between insects and mites unravels the benzoylurea insecticide mode of[...]	GP00001600	CHS1 A3KCN0	Physiology	T>G p.I1042M (I1056 in D. melanogaster) located in the C-terminal transmembrane domain	Plutella xylostella diamondback moth - (species)	Plutella xylostella diamondback moth - (species)	Chitin synthase 1 (CHS1)	Plutella xylostella diamondback moth - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Chitin synthase 1 (CHS1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; benzoylurea)	Coding, SNP	Plutella xylostella diamondback moth - (species)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Douris V; Steinbach D; Panteleri R ; et al. (2016) Resistance mutation conserved between insects and mites unravels the benzoylurea insecticide mode of[...]	GP00001601	CHS1 A3KCN0	Physiology	A>T p.I1042F (I1056 in D. melanogaster) located in the C-terminal transmembrane domain	Plutella xylostella diamondback moth - (species)	Plutella xylostella diamondback moth - (species)	Chitin synthase 1 (CHS1)	Plutella xylostella diamondback moth - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Chitin synthase 1 (CHS1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; etoxazole acaricide)	Coding, SNP	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Demaeght P; Osborne EJ; Odman-Naresh J ; et al. (2014) High resolution genetic mapping uncovers chitin synthase-1 as the target-site of the structurally di[...] 1 Additional References Van Leeuwen T; Demaeght P; Osborne EJ (2012) Population bulk segregant mapping uncovers resistance mutations and the mode of action of a chitin s[...]	GP00001602	chs1 H9U0G2	Physiology	A>T p.I1017F (I1056 in D. melanogaster) located in the C-terminal transmembrane domain	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species)	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species)	Chitin synthase 1 (CHS1)	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Chitin synthase 1 (CHS1)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; benzoylurea)	Coding, SNP	Frankliniella occidentalis western flower thrips - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Suzuki Y; Shiotsuki T; Jouraku A ; et al. (2017) Benzoylurea resistance in western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)[...]	GP00002628	CHS1 A3KCN0	Physiology	isoleucine to methionine	Frankliniella occidentalis western flower thrips - (species)	Frankliniella occidentalis western flower thrips - (species) D	Chitin synthase 1 (CHS1)	Frankliniella occidentalis western flower thrips - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CHKov1	Pathogen resistance Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, Insertion	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Magwire MM; Bayer F; Webster CL ; et al. (2011) Successive increases in the resistance of Drosophila to viral infection through a transposon inserti[...] 1 Additional References Aminetzach YT; Macpherson JM; Petrov DA (2005) Pesticide resistance via transposition-mediated adaptive gene truncation in Drosophila.	GP00000182	CHKov1 Q961V7	Physiology Physiology	Insertion of a Doc TE element resulting in novel; seemingly functional short protein	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	CHKov1	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
chloroquine resistance transporter	Xenobiotic resistance (artemisinin)	Coding, SNP	Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasite P. falciparum - (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Miotto O; Amato R; Ashley EA ; et al. (2015) Genetic architecture of artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum.	GP00001533	CRT Q9N623	Physiology	p.Ile356Thr	Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasite P. falciparum - (species)	Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasite P. falciparum - (species) D	chloroquine resistance transporter	Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasite P. falciparum - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CHRNA3/5 nicotine receptor cluster	Aging Smoking behavior	Unknown, Unknown	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Joshi PK; Fischer K; Schraut KE ; et al. (2016) Variants near CHRNA3/5 and APOE have age- and sex-related effects on human lifespan.	GP00000185	CHRNA3 P32297	Physiology Physiology	unknown; complex variation with SNP association signal	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	CHRNA3/5 nicotine receptor cluster	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CLH1	Xenobiotic resistance (fungicide: guazatine)	Unknown, Unknown	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Atanasov KE; Barboza-Barquero L; Tiburcio AF ; et al. (2016) Genome Wide Association Mapping for the Tolerance to the Polyamine Oxidase Inhibitor Guazatine in Ar[...]	GP00001234	CLH1 O22527	Physiology	unknown	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	CLH1	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CMAH	Blood type (feline ABC)	Coding, SNP	Felis catus domestic cat - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Omi T; Nakazawa S; Udagawa C ; et al. (2016) Molecular Characterization of the Cytidine Monophosphate-N-Acetylneuraminic Acid Hydroxylase (CMAH) [...] 1 Additional References Kehl A; Mueller E; Giger U (2019) CMAH genotyping survey for blood types A, B and C (AB) in purpose-bred cats.	GP00002163	Cmah Q61419	Physiology	c.179G>T p.G60V	Felis catus domestic cat - (species)	Felis catus domestic cat - (species) D	CMAH	Felis catus domestic cat - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CMAH	Blood type (feline ABC)	Coding, SNP	Felis catus domestic cat - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Omi T; Nakazawa S; Udagawa C ; et al. (2016) Molecular Characterization of the Cytidine Monophosphate-N-Acetylneuraminic Acid Hydroxylase (CMAH) [...] 1 Additional References Kehl A; Mueller E; Giger U (2019) CMAH genotyping survey for blood types A, B and C (AB) in purpose-bred cats.	GP00002164	Cmah Q61419	Physiology	c.364C>T p.P122S	Felis catus domestic cat - (species)	Felis catus domestic cat - (species) D	CMAH	Felis catus domestic cat - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CMAH	Blood type (feline ABC)	Coding, Deletion N	Felis catus domestic cat - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Omi T; Nakazawa S; Udagawa C ; et al. (2016) Molecular Characterization of the Cytidine Monophosphate-N-Acetylneuraminic Acid Hydroxylase (CMAH) [...] 2 Additional References Kehl A; Mueller E; Giger U (2019) CMAH genotyping survey for blood types A, B and C (AB) in purpose-bred cats. Kehl A; Heimberger K; Langbein-Detsch I (2018) Molecular characterization of blood type A, B, and C (AB) in domestic cats and a CMAH genotyping sch[...]	GP00002165	Cmah Q61419	Physiology	c.1322delT p.Leu441* N	Felis catus domestic cat - (species)	Felis catus domestic cat - (species) D	CMAH	Felis catus domestic cat - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CMAH	Blood type (feline ABC)	Coding, SNP	Felis catus domestic cat - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Omi T; Nakazawa S; Udagawa C ; et al. (2016) Molecular Characterization of the Cytidine Monophosphate-N-Acetylneuraminic Acid Hydroxylase (CMAH) [...] 2 Additional References Kehl A; Mueller E; Giger U (2019) CMAH genotyping survey for blood types A, B and C (AB) in purpose-bred cats. Bighignoli B; Niini T; Grahn RA (2007) Cytidine monophospho-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase (CMAH) mutations associated with the domest[...]	GP00002166	Cmah Q61419	Physiology	c.139G>A p.V47M	Felis catus domestic cat - (species)	Felis catus domestic cat - (species) D	CMAH	Felis catus domestic cat - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CMAH	Blood type (feline ABC)	Coding, SNP	Felis catus domestic cat - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Omi T; Nakazawa S; Udagawa C ; et al. (2016) Molecular Characterization of the Cytidine Monophosphate-N-Acetylneuraminic Acid Hydroxylase (CMAH) [...] 2 Additional References Kehl A; Mueller E; Giger U (2019) CMAH genotyping survey for blood types A, B and C (AB) in purpose-bred cats. Bighignoli B; Niini T; Grahn RA (2007) Cytidine monophospho-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase (CMAH) mutations associated with the domest[...]	GP00002167	Cmah Q61419	Physiology	c.268T>A p.Y89N	Felis catus domestic cat - (species)	Felis catus domestic cat - (species) D	CMAH	Felis catus domestic cat - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CMAH	Blood type (feline ABC)	Coding, SNP	Felis catus domestic cat - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Omi T; Nakazawa S; Udagawa C ; et al. (2016) Molecular Characterization of the Cytidine Monophosphate-N-Acetylneuraminic Acid Hydroxylase (CMAH) [...] 2 Additional References Kehl A; Mueller E; Giger U (2019) CMAH genotyping survey for blood types A, B and C (AB) in purpose-bred cats. Bighignoli B; Niini T; Grahn RA (2007) Cytidine monophospho-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase (CMAH) mutations associated with the domest[...]	GP00002168	Cmah Q61419	Physiology	c.1600G>A p.D534N	Felis catus domestic cat - (species)	Felis catus domestic cat - (species) D	CMAH	Felis catus domestic cat - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CORIN	Coloration (coat)	Coding, SNP	Panthera tigris tiger - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Xu X; Dong GX; Schmidt-Küntzel A ; et al. (2017) The genetics of tiger pelage color variations.	GP00002169	Corin Q9Z319	Morphology	c.1759C >T p.H587Y	Panthera tigris tiger - (species)	Panthera tigris tiger - (species) D	CORIN	Panthera tigris tiger - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
cortex	Coloration (wing ; industrial melanism ; camouflage)	Cis-regulatory, Insertion	Biston betularia pepper-and-salt moth - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Van't Hof AE; Campagne P; Rigden DJ ; et al. (2016) The industrial melanism mutation in British peppered moths is a transposable element.	GP00001804	cort Q960N3	Morphology	Putative transposon insertion within the first intron ; consists of of ~9 kb tandemly repeated 2.3 times + three short tandem subrepeat units	Biston betularia pepper-and-salt moth - (species)	Biston betularia pepper-and-salt moth - (species) D	cortex	Biston betularia pepper-and-salt moth - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
cortex	Coloration (wing ; leaf mimicry ; camouflage)	Cis-regulatory, Complex Change	Kallima inachus orange oakleaf - (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Wang S; Teng D; Li X ; et al. (2022) The evolution and diversification of oakleaf butterflies.	GP00002413	cort Q960N3	Morphology		Kallima inachus orange oakleaf - (species)	Kallima inachus orange oakleaf - (species) D	cortex	Kallima inachus orange oakleaf - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
cortex	Coloration (wing ; leaf mimicry ; camouflage)	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Kallima inachus orange oakleaf - (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Wang S; Teng D; Li X ; et al. (2022) The evolution and diversification of oakleaf butterflies.	GP00002414	cort Q960N3	Morphology		Kallima inachus orange oakleaf - (species)	Kallima inachus orange oakleaf - (species) D	cortex	Kallima inachus orange oakleaf - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
cortex	Coloration (wing ; leaf mimicry ; camouflage)	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Kallima inachus orange oakleaf - (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Wang S; Teng D; Li X ; et al. (2022) The evolution and diversification of oakleaf butterflies.	GP00002415	cort Q960N3	Morphology		Kallima inachus orange oakleaf - (species)	Kallima inachus orange oakleaf - (species) D	cortex	Kallima inachus orange oakleaf - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
cortex	Coloration (wing ; leaf mimicry ; camouflage)	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Kallima inachus orange oakleaf - (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Wang S; Teng D; Li X ; et al. (2022) The evolution and diversification of oakleaf butterflies.	GP00002416	cort Q960N3	Morphology	Large inversion and many mutations in the large inverted region.	Kallima inachus orange oakleaf - (species)	Kallima inachus orange oakleaf - (species) D	cortex	Kallima inachus orange oakleaf - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
cortex	Coloration (wing; mimicry)	Unknown, Unknown	Papilio clytia common mime swallowtail - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	VanKuren NW; Massardo D; Nallu S ; et al. (2019) Butterfly Mimicry Polymorphisms Highlight Phylogenetic Limits of Gene Reuse in the Evolution of Dive[...]	GP00002419	cort Q960N3	Morphology	Mapping to a 500-kb region that contains the cortex gene	Papilio clytia common mime swallowtail - (species)	Papilio clytia common mime swallowtail - (species)	cortex	Papilio clytia common mime swallowtail - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
cortex	Coloration (wing)	Cis-regulatory, Insertion	Heliconius melpomene postman butterfly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Livraghi L; Hanly JJ; Van Bellghem SM ; et al. (2021) Cortex cis-regulatory switches establish scale colour identity and pattern diversity in Heliconius.	GP00002660	cort Q960N3	Morphology	Insertion of two transposable elements (BovB-like and Helitron-like)	Heliconius melpomene postman butterfly - (species)	Heliconius melpomene postman butterfly - (species) D	cortex	Heliconius melpomene postman butterfly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Couch potato	Diapause	Coding, SNP	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Schmidt PS; Zhu CT; Das J ; et al. (2008) An amino acid polymorphism in the couch potato gene forms the basis for climatic adaptation in Droso[...]	GP00000191	cpo Q01617	Physiology	Ile462Lys	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Couch potato	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Cpm1	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; toxin produced by Bacillus sphaericus)	Coding, SNP N	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Darboux I; Charles JF; Pauchet Y ; et al. (2007) Transposon-mediated resistance to Bacillus sphaericus in a field-evolved population of Culex pipiens[...]	GP00002102	Q95WY5	Physiology	Gln396Stop - nonsense mutation which causes the loss of the C-terminal domain required for a proper anchoring of the receptor to the cell surface and thus disrupts a crucial step in the toxic properties of B. sphaericus toxin. N	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species)	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species) D	Cpm1	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Cpm1	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; toxin produced by Bacillus sphaericus)	Coding, Insertion N	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Darboux I; Charles JF; Pauchet Y ; et al. (2007) Transposon-mediated resistance to Bacillus sphaericus in a field-evolved population of Culex pipiens[...]	GP00002103	Q95WY5	Physiology	Insertion of a 451-bpTE into the exon 2 of the toxin receptor gene. The insertion induces a new mRNA splicing event that creates a shorter transcript. This new transcript encodes an altered receptor unable to interact with the toxin resulting in resistance to this insecticide. The missing portion includes GPI-anchoring signals N	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species)	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species) D	Cpm1	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Cpm1	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; toxin produced by Bacillus sphaericus)	Coding, Deletion N	Culex quinquefasciatus southern house mosquito - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Guo QY; Cai QX; Yan JP ; et al. (2013) Single nucleotide deletion of cqm1 gene results in the development of resistance to Bacillus sphaeri[...] 1 Additional References Darboux I; Pauchet Y; Castella C (2002) Loss of the membrane anchor of the target receptor is a mechanism of bioinsecticide resistance.	GP00002552	Q95WY5	Physiology	one-nucleotide deletion which results in a premature stop codon and leads to production of a truncated protein. N	Culex quinquefasciatus southern house mosquito - (species)	Culex quinquefasciatus southern house mosquito - (species) D	Cpm1	Culex quinquefasciatus southern house mosquito - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CPR	Xenobiotic resistance	Gene Amplification, Insertion	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Fotoukkiaii SM; Wybouw N; Kurlovs AH ; et al. (2021) High-resolution genetic mapping reveals cis-regulatory and copy number variation in loci associated [...]	GP00002398	Cpr Q27597	Physiology	Pyflubumide resistant populations are estimated to harbor three CPR copies by two methods, whereas susceptible populations have a single CPR copy.	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species)	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species) D	CPR	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CREBRF	Body size (obesity)	Coding, SNP	Homo sapiens human - (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Minster RL; Hawley NL; Su CT ; et al. (2016) A thrifty variant in CREBRF strongly influences body mass index in Samoans.	GP00001444	CREBRF Q8IUR6	Morphology	c.1370G>A p.Arg457Gln	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species) D	CREBRF	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) EDI allele	Flowering time Fruit shape (fruit length) Flower morphology (ovule number per fruit) Fertility (percentage of unfertilized ovules)	Coding, SNP	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	El-Din El-Assal S; Alonso-Blanco C; Peeters AJ ; et al. (2001) A QTL for flowering time in Arabidopsis reveals a novel allele of CRY2. 3 Additional References Olsen KM; Halldorsdottir SS; Stinchcombe JR (2004) Linkage disequilibrium mapping of Arabidopsis CRY2 flowering time alleles. el-Assal SE; Alonso-Blanco C; Hanhart CJ (2004) Pleiotropic effects of the Arabidopsis cryptochrome 2 allelic variation underlie fruit trait-related[...] Botto JF; Alonso-Blanco C; Garzarón I (2003) The Cape Verde Islands allele of cryptochrome 2 enhances cotyledon unfolding in the absence of blue [...]	GP00000192	CRY2 Q96524	Physiology Morphology Morphology Physiology	V367M	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) EDI allele	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CXCL16	Pathogen resistance (lymphocyte susceptibility to virus)	Coding, SNP	Equus caballus horse - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Sarkar S; Bailey E; Go YY ; et al. (2016) Allelic Variation in CXCL16 Determines CD3+ T Lymphocyte Susceptibility to Equine Arteritis Virus In[...]	GP00001591	CXCL16 F7CTX0	Physiology	4 candidate nonsynonymous substitutions within exon 1(in 2 susceptible variants): (1)c.715A>T p.Tyr40Phe (2)c.801G>C w.Asp49His (3)c.804T>A/G p.Phe50Ile (4)c.810G>A p.Glu52Lys	Equus caballus horse - (species)	Equus caballus horse - (species)	CXCL16	Equus caballus horse - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYC-like HaCYC2c	Flower morphology	Cis-regulatory, Insertion	Helianthus annuus common sunflower - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Chapman MA; Tang S; Draeger D ; et al. (2012) Genetic analysis of floral symmetry in Van Gogh's sunflowers reveals independent recruitment of CYCL[...]	GP00000193	CYC O49250	Morphology	999bp insertion in promoter	Helianthus annuus common sunflower - (species)	Helianthus annuus common sunflower - (species) D	CYC-like HaCYC2c	Helianthus annuus common sunflower - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYC-like RAY1/RAY2	Flower morphology	Gene Amplification, Complex Change	Senecio vulgaris (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Kim M; Cui ML; Cubas P ; et al. (2008) Regulatory genes control a key morphological and ecological trait transferred between species.	GP00000194	CYC O49250	Morphology	Gene gain by hybridization	Senecio vulgaris (species)	Senecio vulgaris (species)	CYC-like RAY1/RAY2	Senecio vulgaris (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYCD5;1	Endoreduplication	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Sterken R; Kiekens R; Boruc J ; et al. (2012) Combined linkage and association mapping reveals CYCD5;1 as a quantitative trait gene for endoredupl[...]	GP00000196	CYCD5-1 Q2V3B2	Physiology	unknown	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	CYCD5;1	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Cycloidea (Lcyc)	Flower morphology	Cis-regulatory, Epigenetic Change	Linaria vulgaris common toadflax - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Cubas P; Vincent C; Coen E (1999) An epigenetic mutation responsible for natural variation in floral symmetry.	GP00000197	CYC O49250	Morphology	Stable methylation	Linaria vulgaris common toadflax - (species)	Linaria vulgaris common toadflax - (species) D	Cycloidea (Lcyc)	Linaria vulgaris common toadflax - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP(T)	Flower morphology (style length)	Coding, Insertion N	Primula vulgaris (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Li J; Cocker JM; Wright J ; et al. (2016) Genetic architecture and evolution of the S locus supergene in Primula vulgaris.	GP00001394	CYP734A1 O48786	Morphology	single base insertion in exon 2 introduces a disruptive premature stop codon N	Primula vulgaris (species)	Primula vulgaris (species) D	CYP(T)	Primula vulgaris (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP(T)	Flower morphology (style length)	Coding, SNP	Primula vulgaris (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Li J; Cocker JM; Wright J ; et al. (2016) Genetic architecture and evolution of the S locus supergene in Primula vulgaris.	GP00001395	CYP734A1 O48786	Morphology	G>C p.Asp126His in exon 2	Primula vulgaris (species)	Primula vulgaris (species) D	CYP(T)	Primula vulgaris (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Cyp12d1	Xenobiotic resistance (caffeine tolerance)	Gene Amplification, Insertion	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Najarro MA; Hackett JL; Smith BR ; et al. (2015) Identifying Loci Contributing to Natural Variation in Xenobiotic Resistance in Drosophila.	GP00000198	Cyp12d1-d Q7KR10	Physiology	Copy number Variant	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Cyp12d1	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP1A2	Enzymatic activity	Coding, SNP	Homo sapiens human - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Murayama N; Soyama A; Saito Y ; et al. (2004) Six novel nonsynonymous CYP1A2 gene polymorphisms: catalytic activities of the naturally occurring v[...]	GP00000199	CYP1A2 P05177	Physiology	F186L	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species) D	CYP1A2	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Cyp28d1	Xenobiotic resistance (nicotine ; larval stage)	Gene Amplification, Insertion	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Chakraborty M; VanKuren NW; Zhao R ; et al. (2018) Hidden genetic variation shapes the structure of functional elements in Drosophila. 2 Additional References Marriage TN; King EG; Long AD (2014) Fine-mapping nicotine resistance loci in Drosophila using a multiparent advanced generation inter-cr[...] Chakraborty M; Emerson JJ; Macdonald SJ (2019) Structural variants exhibit widespread allelic heterogeneity and shape variation in complex traits.	GP00001407	Cyp28d1 Q9VMT5	Physiology	insertion of a partial 1.5kb Accord transposable element and a Cyp28d1 gene tandem duplication (CNV - 3754 bp) that may play complementary role in resistance levels	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Cyp28d1	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Cyp28d1	Xenobiotic resistance (nicotine ; larval stage)	Coding, Insertion	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Chakraborty M; Emerson JJ; Macdonald SJ ; et al. (2019) Structural variants exhibit widespread allelic heterogeneity and shape variation in complex traits.	GP00002113	Cyp28d1 Q9VMT5	Physiology	insertion of a FW element (4720 bp) into the coding region (exon) of the second copy of the Cyp28d1 (there is still another copy of the gene left due to a duplication). Associated with a decrease in Cyp28d2 gene expression and a decrease in nicotin resistance.	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Cyp28d1	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Cyp28d1-Cyp28d2	Xenobiotic resistance (nicotine ; larval stage)	Gene Amplification, Insertion	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Chakraborty M; Emerson JJ; Macdonald SJ ; et al. (2019) Structural variants exhibit widespread allelic heterogeneity and shape variation in complex traits.	GP00002112	Cyp28d1 Q9VMT5	Physiology	duplication of 6063 bp which includes genes Cyp28d1; Cyp28d2 and CG7742. Associated with increased expression of Cyp28d2 and increased resistance to nicotin	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Cyp28d1-Cyp28d2	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Cyp28d1-Cyp28d2	Xenobiotic resistance (nicotine ; larval stage)	Gene Amplification, Insertion	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Chakraborty M; Emerson JJ; Macdonald SJ ; et al. (2019) Structural variants exhibit widespread allelic heterogeneity and shape variation in complex traits.	GP00002114	Cyp28d1 Q9VMT5	Physiology	duplication of a 15297-bp region; which encompasses 5 genes: Msp300 Cyp28d2 Cyp28d1 CG7742 and CG14034. Associated with increased expression of Cyp28d1 gene expression and increased nicotin resistance	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Cyp28d1-Cyp28d2	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP2C9	Xenobiotic resistance (anti-coagulant drug response)	Coding, SNP	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Takeuchi F; McGinnis R; Bourgeois S ; et al. (2009) A genome-wide association study confirms VKORC1, CYP2C9, and CYP4F2 as principal genetic determinant[...] 1 Additional References Cha PC; Mushiroda T; Takahashi A (2010) Genome-wide association study identifies genetic determinants of warfarin responsiveness for Japanes[...]	GP00000200	CYP2C9 P11712	Physiology	I359L	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	CYP2C9	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP321A8	Xenobiotic resistance (organophosphate; chlorpyrifos; pyrethroid; cypermethrin; deltamethrin)	Cis-regulatory, SNP	Spodoptera exigua beet armyworm - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Hu B; Huang H; Hu S ; et al. (2021) Changes in both trans- and cis-regulatory elements mediate insecticide resistance in a lepidopteron [...]	GP00002394	CYP321A8 A0A286QUG5	Physiology	A > G at position -197bp in a cis-regulatory region, leading to increased expression of the gene	Spodoptera exigua beet armyworm - (species)	Spodoptera exigua beet armyworm - (species) D	CYP321A8	Spodoptera exigua beet armyworm - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP337B3	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; pyrethroid)	Coding, Complex Change	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Joußen N; Agnolet S; Lorenz S ; et al. (2012) Resistance of Australian Helicoverpa armigera to fenvalerate is due to the chimeric P450 enzyme CYP3[...] 1 Additional References Walsh TK; Joussen N; Tian K (2018) Multiple recombination events between two cytochrome P450 loci contribute to global pyrethroid resis[...]	GP00002477	CYP337B3 A0A0H3V333	Physiology	The unique P450 chimeric gene CYP337B3 arose from unequal crossing-over between two parental P450 genes CYP337B2 and CYP337B1 . CYP337B3 can metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Neither parental enzyme has the ability to metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. The exclusive presence of CYP337B3 in resistant insects of this strain confers a 42-fold resistance to fenvalerate.	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species)	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species) D	CYP337B3	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP337B3	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; pyrethroid)	Coding, Complex Change	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Rasool Akhtar; Joußen Nicole; Lorenz Sybille ; et al. (2014 ) An independent occurrence of the chimeric P450 enzyme CYP337B3 of Helicoverpa armigera confers cyper[...] 1 Additional References Walsh TK; Joussen N; Tian K (2018) Multiple recombination events between two cytochrome P450 loci contribute to global pyrethroid resis[...]	GP00002478	CYP337B3 A0A0H3V333	Physiology	The P450 chimeric gene CYP337B3 arose from unequal crossing-over between two parental P450 genes CYP337B2 and CYP337B1 . CYP337B3 can metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Neither parental enzyme has the ability to metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. The Pakistani and the Australian CYP337B3 alleles differ by 18 synonymous and three nonsynonymous SNPs and additionally in the length and sequence of the intron.	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species)	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species) D	CYP337B3	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP337B3	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; pyrethroid)	Coding, Complex Change	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Han Yangchun; Yu Wanting; Zhang Weiqing ; et al. (2015 ) Variation in P450-mediated fenvalerate resistance levels is not correlated with CYP337B3 genotype in[...] 1 Additional References Walsh TK; Joussen N; Tian K (2018) Multiple recombination events between two cytochrome P450 loci contribute to global pyrethroid resis[...]	GP00002479	CYP337B3 A0A0H3V333	Physiology	The P450 chimeric gene CYP337B3 arose from unequal crossing-over between two parental P450 genes CYP337B2 and CYP337B1 . CYP337B3 can metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Neither parental enzyme has the ability to metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Sequence analysis revealed a distinct CYP337B3 allele (CYP337B3v2) in the Pakistani population and three distinct alleles in the Chinese populations (CYP337B3v2 CYP337B3v3 CYP337B3v4) that differ from the Australian allele (CYP337B3v1) by a number of synonymous and non-synonymous SNPs in addition to variability of the intron sequence and size. This variation may result from different crossing-over positions during recombination of the CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 parental genes with different alleles of CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 involved in the crossing-over.	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species)	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species) D	CYP337B3	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP337B3	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; pyrethroid)	Coding, Complex Change	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Han Yangchun; Yu Wanting; Zhang Weiqing ; et al. (2015 ) Variation in P450-mediated fenvalerate resistance levels is not correlated with CYP337B3 genotype in[...] 1 Additional References Walsh TK; Joussen N; Tian K (2018) Multiple recombination events between two cytochrome P450 loci contribute to global pyrethroid resis[...]	GP00002480	CYP337B3 A0A0H3V333	Physiology	The P450 chimeric gene CYP337B3 arose from unequal crossing-over between two parental P450 genes CYP337B2 and CYP337B1 . CYP337B3 can metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Neither parental enzyme has the ability to metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Sequence analysis revealed a distinct CYP337B3 allele (CYP337B3v2) in the Pakistani population and three distinct alleles in the Chinese populations (CYP337B3v2 CYP337B3v3 CYP337B3v4) that differ from the Australian allele (CYP337B3v1) by a number of synonymous and non-synonymous SNPs in addition to variability of the intron sequence and size. This variation may result from different crossing-over positions during recombination of the CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 parental genes with different alleles of CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 involved in the crossing-over.	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species)	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species) D	CYP337B3	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP337B3	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; pyrethroid)	Coding, Complex Change	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Han Yangchun; Yu Wanting; Zhang Weiqing ; et al. (2015 ) Variation in P450-mediated fenvalerate resistance levels is not correlated with CYP337B3 genotype in[...] 1 Additional References Walsh TK; Joussen N; Tian K (2018) Multiple recombination events between two cytochrome P450 loci contribute to global pyrethroid resis[...]	GP00002481	CYP337B3 A0A0H3V333	Physiology	The P450 chimeric gene CYP337B3 arose from unequal crossing-over between two parental P450 genes CYP337B2 and CYP337B1 . CYP337B3 can metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Neither parental enzyme has the ability to metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Sequence analysis revealed a distinct CYP337B3 allele (CYP337B3v2) in the Pakistani population and three distinct alleles in the Chinese populations (CYP337B3v2 CYP337B3v3 CYP337B3v4) that differ from the Australian allele (CYP337B3v1) by a number of synonymous and non-synonymous SNPs in addition to variability of the intron sequence and size. This variation may result from different crossing-over positions during recombination of the CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 parental genes with different alleles of CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 involved in the crossing-over.	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species)	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species) D	CYP337B3	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP337B3	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; pyrethroid)	Coding, Complex Change	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Walsh TK; Joussen N; Tian K ; et al. (2018) Multiple recombination events between two cytochrome P450 loci contribute to global pyrethroid resis[...]	GP00002482	CYP337B3 A0A0H3V333	Physiology	The P450 chimeric gene CYP337B3 arose from unequal crossing-over between two parental P450 genes CYP337B2 and CYP337B1 . CYP337B3 can metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Neither parental enzyme has the ability to metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Distinct alleles resulting from different crossing-overs within the CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 parental genes with different alleles of CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 involved in the crossing-overs.	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species)	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species) D	CYP337B3	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP337B3	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; pyrethroid)	Coding, Complex Change	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Walsh TK; Joussen N; Tian K ; et al. (2018) Multiple recombination events between two cytochrome P450 loci contribute to global pyrethroid resis[...]	GP00002483	CYP337B3 A0A0H3V333	Physiology	The P450 chimeric gene CYP337B3 arose from unequal crossing-over between two parental P450 genes CYP337B2 and CYP337B1 . CYP337B3 can metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Neither parental enzyme has the ability to metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Distinct alleles resulting from different crossing-overs within the CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 parental genes with different alleles of CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 involved in the crossing-overs.	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species)	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species) D	CYP337B3	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP337B3	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; pyrethroid)	Coding, Complex Change	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Walsh TK; Joussen N; Tian K ; et al. (2018) Multiple recombination events between two cytochrome P450 loci contribute to global pyrethroid resis[...]	GP00002484	CYP337B3 A0A0H3V333	Physiology	The P450 chimeric gene CYP337B3 arose from unequal crossing-over between two parental P450 genes CYP337B2 and CYP337B1 . CYP337B3 can metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Neither parental enzyme has the ability to metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Distinct alleles resulting from different crossing-overs within the CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 parental genes with different alleles of CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 involved in the crossing-overs.	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species)	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species) D	CYP337B3	Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP337B3	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; pyrethroid)	Coding, Insertion	Helicoverpa zea corn earworm - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Walsh TK; Joussen N; Tian K ; et al. (2018) Multiple recombination events between two cytochrome P450 loci contribute to global pyrethroid resis[...] 1 Additional References Valencia-Montoya WA; Elfekih S; North HL (2020) Adaptive Introgression across Semipermeable Species Boundaries between Local Helicoverpa zea and Inv[...]	GP00002485	CYP337B3 A0A0H3V333	Physiology	Introgression of the CYP337B3v2 resistant allele from Helicoverpa armigera	Helicoverpa zea corn earworm - (species)	Helicoverpa zea corn earworm - (species) D	CYP337B3	Helicoverpa zea corn earworm - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP392A16	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Anazawa Y; Tomita T; Aiki Y ; et al. (2003) Sequence of a cDNA encoding acetylcholinesterase from susceptible and resistant two-spotted spider m[...] 1 Additional References Papapostolou KM; Riga M; Samantsidis GR (2022) Over-expression in cis of the midgut P450 CYP392A16 contributes to abamectin resistance in Tetranych[...]	GP00002471	Ace P07140	Physiology	several non-synonymous SNP - exact causing amino acid change(s) unknown. Functional analysis of the putative promoter region from the resistant and susceptible parental strains revealed a higher reporter gene expression confirming the presence of cis-acting regulatory mechanisms.	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species)	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species) D	CYP392A16	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP392E8	Xenobiotic resistance	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Fotoukkiaii SM; Wybouw N; Kurlovs AH ; et al. (2021) High-resolution genetic mapping reveals cis-regulatory and copy number variation in loci associated [...]	GP00002397		Physiology	increase in transcription of CYP392E8.	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species)	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species) D	CYP392E8	Tetranychus urticae two-spotted spider mite - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP4F2	Xenobiotic resistance (anti-coagulant drug response)	Coding, SNP	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Takeuchi F; McGinnis R; Bourgeois S ; et al. (2009) A genome-wide association study confirms VKORC1, CYP2C9, and CYP4F2 as principal genetic determinant[...] 1 Additional References Cha PC; Mushiroda T; Takahashi A (2010) Genome-wide association study identifies genetic determinants of warfarin responsiveness for Japanes[...]	GP00000203	CYP4F2 P78329	Physiology	V433M	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	CYP4F2	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP6AB3	Xenobiotic resistance (imperatorin)	Coding, SNP	Depressaria pastinacella (species)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Mao W; Rupasinghe SG; Zangerl AR ; et al. (2007) Allelic variation in the Depressaria pastinacella CYP6AB3 protein enhances metabolism of plant allel[...]	GP00000204	CYP6AB3 Q7YZS3	Physiology	Ala92Val (and potentiallly 4 other a.a. substitutions)	Depressaria pastinacella (species)	Depressaria pastinacella (species)	CYP6AB3	Depressaria pastinacella (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP6AY1	Xenobiotic resistance (imidacloprid; buprofezin)	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Nilaparvata lugens brown planthopper - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Pang R; Li Y; Dong Y ; et al. (2014) Identification of promoter polymorphisms in the cytochrome P450 CYP6AY1 linked with insecticide resi[...]	GP00002399	CYP6AY1 A0A1L1VFS3	Physiology	CYP6AY1 is expressed at a higher level in a field-collected BPH strain that is highly resistant to both imidacloprid and buprofezin. Polymorphism in the promoter region associated with various levels of resistance.	Nilaparvata lugens brown planthopper - (species)	Nilaparvata lugens brown planthopper - (species) D	CYP6AY1	Nilaparvata lugens brown planthopper - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP6BG1	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Plutella xylostella diamondback moth - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Li X; Shan C; Li F ; et al. (2019) Transcription factor FTZ-F1 and cis-acting elements mediate expression of CYP6BG1 conferring resista[...] 1 Additional References Mallott M; Hamm S; Troczka BJ (2019) A flavin-dependent monooxgenase confers resistance to chlorantraniliprole in the diamondback moth, P[...]	GP00002064	CYP6BG1 A0A222NX20	Physiology	promoters tested in luciferase assays	Plutella xylostella diamondback moth - (species)	Plutella xylostella diamondback moth - (species) D	CYP6BG1	Plutella xylostella diamondback moth - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP6CM1	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; imidacloprid)	Cis-regulatory, SNP	Bemisia tabaci (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Karunker I; Benting J; Lueke B ; et al. (2008) Over-expression of cytochrome P450 CYP6CM1 is associated with high resistance to imidacloprid in the[...]	GP00002608	A0A6C0PTH9	Physiology	three single-nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) markers in the intron region of CYP6CM1 that discriminate between the resistant and susceptible CYP6CM1 alleles	Bemisia tabaci (species)	Bemisia tabaci (species) D	CYP6CM1	Bemisia tabaci (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP6CY3	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; neonicotinoid; host plant)	Cis-regulatory, Insertion	Myzus persicae green peach aphid - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Bass C; Zimmer CT; Riveron JM ; et al. (2013) Gene amplification and microsatellite polymorphism underlie a recent insect host shift. 1 Additional References Bass C; Zimmer CT; Riveron JM (2013) Gene amplification and microsatellite polymorphism underlie a recent insect host shift.	GP00001474	CYP6CY3 V5SQ25	Physiology	Expansion of a AC dinucleotide microsatellite (from 15 to 48 repeat units) in the promoter 198 bp upstream of the start codon that enhances gene expression	Myzus persicae green peach aphid - (species)	Myzus persicae green peach aphid - (species) D	CYP6CY3	Myzus persicae green peach aphid - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP6CY3-CYP6CY4	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; neonicotinoid; host plant)	Gene Amplification, Insertion	Myzus persicae green peach aphid - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Bass C; Zimmer CT; Riveron JM ; et al. (2013) Gene amplification and microsatellite polymorphism underlie a recent insect host shift. 3 Additional References Puinean AM; Foster SP; Oliphant L (2010) Amplification of a cytochrome P450 gene is associated with resistance to neonicotinoid insecticides [...] Bass C; Zimmer CT; Riveron JM (2013) Gene amplification and microsatellite polymorphism underlie a recent insect host shift. Singh KS; Troczka BJ; Duarte A (2020) The genetic architecture of a host shift: An adaptive walk protected an aphid and its endosymbiont f[...]	GP00001473	CYP6CY3 V5SQ25	Physiology	gene amplification (from 2 to 14-100 copies) - CYP6CY3 and neighboring gene CYP6CY4 are duplicated in M. p. nicotianae as a large amplicon of ~325 kb creating characteristic breakpoints identifying the region. CYP6CY4 and CYP6CY3 are highly effective at metabolizing nicotine to its nontoxic metabolite cotinine.	Myzus persicae green peach aphid - (species)	Myzus persicae green peach aphid - (species) D	CYP6CY3-CYP6CY4	Myzus persicae green peach aphid - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP6D1	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Cis-regulatory, Insertion	Musca domestica house fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Gao J; Scott JG (2006) Role of the transcriptional repressor mdGfi-1 in CYP6D1v1-mediated insecticide resistance in the hou[...]	GP00002118	CYP6D1 Q27698	Physiology	15 bp insertion which disrupts a putative mdGfi-1 binding site in the CYP6D1v1 promoter. mdGfi-1 is a negative regulator of transcription so this leads to increased expression of CYP6D1	Musca domestica house fly - (species)	Musca domestica house fly - (species) D	CYP6D1	Musca domestica house fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
cyp6d2	Xenobiotic resistance (chemotherapeutic agent, camptothecin)	Coding, SNP	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Thomas AM; Hui C; South A ; et al. (2013) Common variants of Drosophila melanogaster Cyp6d2 cause camptothecin sensitivity and synergize with [...]	GP00001983	Cyp6g2 Q9V675	Physiology	G>C in CATAGgtaagga...caagCTCT so that intron 3 is not spliced and the codon GCT (spanning the intron) is transformed into CCT. The splicing is defective and intron 3 is transcribed and results in a stop codon and a protein truncated from its native C terminal part.	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	cyp6d2	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
cyp6d2	Xenobiotic resistance (chemotherapeutic agent, camptothecin)	Coding, SNP	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Thomas AM; Hui C; South A ; et al. (2013) Common variants of Drosophila melanogaster Cyp6d2 cause camptothecin sensitivity and synergize with [...]	GP00001984	Cyp6g2 Q9V675	Physiology	N438T (A22652974C) and N439T (A22652978G) - exact causing mutation(s) not identified - semiquantitative RT-PCR revealed that this mutant produces little to no Cyp6d2 transcript. The mutation is thus also cis-regulatory.	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	cyp6d2	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP6ER1	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; imidacloprid)	Coding, SNP	Nilaparvata lugens brown planthopper - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Zimmer CT; Garrood WT; Singh KS ; et al. (2018) Neofunctionalization of Duplicated P450 Genes Drives the Evolution of Insecticide Resistance in the [...]	GP00002472	cyp6er1 A0A2I8B6P1	Physiology	T318S substitution results in a marked (20-fold) and significant increase in resistance compared to the wild-type susceptible variant.	Nilaparvata lugens brown planthopper - (species)	Nilaparvata lugens brown planthopper - (species) D	CYP6ER1	Nilaparvata lugens brown planthopper - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP6ER1	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; imidacloprid)	Coding, Deletion	Nilaparvata lugens brown planthopper - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Zimmer CT; Garrood WT; Singh KS ; et al. (2018) Neofunctionalization of Duplicated P450 Genes Drives the Evolution of Insecticide Resistance in the [...]	GP00002473	cyp6er1 A0A2I8B6P1	Physiology	Deletion of Pro377. This provides a more moderate but significant 4.5-fold increase in resistance.	Nilaparvata lugens brown planthopper - (species)	Nilaparvata lugens brown planthopper - (species) D	CYP6ER1	Nilaparvata lugens brown planthopper - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP6ER1	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; imidacloprid)	Coding, Complex Change	Nilaparvata lugens brown planthopper - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Zimmer CT; Garrood WT; Singh KS ; et al. (2018) Neofunctionalization of Duplicated P450 Genes Drives the Evolution of Insecticide Resistance in the [...]	GP00002474	cyp6er1 A0A2I8B6P1	Physiology	A375del+A376G	Nilaparvata lugens brown planthopper - (species)	Nilaparvata lugens brown planthopper - (species) D	CYP6ER1	Nilaparvata lugens brown planthopper - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP6ER1	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; imidacloprid)	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Nilaparvata lugens brown planthopper - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Zimmer CT; Garrood WT; Singh KS ; et al. (2018) Neofunctionalization of Duplicated P450 Genes Drives the Evolution of Insecticide Resistance in the [...]	GP00002475	cyp6er1 A0A2I8B6P1	Physiology	A significant (up to 9.5-fold) increase in expression driven by the promoter of CYP6ER1vA was observed in comparison to all other promoter variants. This suggests that cis-acting elements in the region upstream of CYP6ER1vA are responsible for the high expression of this variant in BPH populations across Southeast Asia.	Nilaparvata lugens brown planthopper - (species)	Nilaparvata lugens brown planthopper - (species) D	CYP6ER1	Nilaparvata lugens brown planthopper - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP6FU1	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; deltamethrin)	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Laodelphax striatellus small brown planthopper - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Pu J; Sun H; Wang J ; et al. (2016) Multiple cis-acting elements involved in up-regulation of a cytochrome P450 gene conferring resistan[...]	GP00002117	CYP6FU1 A0A1S5R631	Physiology	Four cis-acting elements were identified whose influence on up-regulation was much more pronounced in combination than when present singly.	Laodelphax striatellus small brown planthopper - (species)	Laodelphax striatellus small brown planthopper - (species) D	CYP6FU1	Laodelphax striatellus small brown planthopper - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
cyp6g1	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	4 Mutations: Insertion	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Chung H; Bogwitz MR; McCart C ; et al. (2007) Cis-regulatory elements in the Accord retrotransposon result in tissue-specific expression of the Dr[...]	GP00000207	Cyp6g1 Q9V674	Physiology	4 mutations	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	cyp6g1	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
cyp6g1	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Cis-regulatory, Insertion	Drosophila simulans (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Schlenke TA; Begun DJ (2004) Strong selective sweep associated with a transposon insertion in Drosophila simulans.	GP00002019	Cyp6g1 Q9V674	Physiology	insertion of a Doc transposable element around 200 bp upstream of the putative transcription start site - mutation associated with increased expression of the gene	Drosophila simulans (species)	Drosophila simulans (species) D	cyp6g1	Drosophila simulans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
cyp6g1	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Cis-regulatory, Insertion	Drosophila simulans (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Wurmser F; Mary-Huard T; Daudin JJ ; et al. (2013) Variation of gene expression associated with colonisation of an anthropized environment: comparison [...]	GP00002020	Cyp6g1 Q9V674	Physiology	insertion of a Juan transposable element in the regulatory sequence. The insertion is almost fixed in the Rhône Valley but barely present in Mayotte - mutation associated with increased expression of the gene	Drosophila simulans (species)	Drosophila simulans (species) D	cyp6g1	Drosophila simulans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP6P9 cluster (CYP6P9a and CYP6P9b)	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Anopheles funestus African malaria mosquito - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Riveron JM; Irving H; Ndula M ; et al. (2013) Directionally selected cytochrome P450 alleles are driving the spread of pyrethroid resistance in th[...] 1 Additional References Mugenzi LMJ; Menze BD; Tchouakui M (2019) Cis-regulatory CYP6P9b P450 variants associated with loss of insecticide-treated bed net efficacy ag[...]	GP00000208	CYP2C9 P11712	Physiology	Cis-regulatory variation in CYP6P9b gene	Anopheles funestus African malaria mosquito - (species)	Anopheles funestus African malaria mosquito - (species) D	CYP6P9 cluster (CYP6P9a and CYP6P9b)	Anopheles funestus African malaria mosquito - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP6P9; CYP6P4 cluster	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	5 Mutations:	Anopheles funestus African malaria mosquito - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Wondji CS; Irving H; Morgan J ; et al. (2009) Two duplicated P450 genes are associated with pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles funestus, a major m[...] 2 Additional References Weedall GD; Mugenzi LMJ; Menze BD (2019) A cytochrome P450 allele confers pyrethroid resistance on a major African malaria vector, reducing i[...] Wondji CS; Hearn J; Irving H (2022) RNAseq-based gene expression profiling of the Anopheles funestus pyrethroid-resistant strain FUMOZ h[...]	GP00000209	Q2YH43	Physiology	5 mutations	Anopheles funestus African malaria mosquito - (species)	Anopheles funestus African malaria mosquito - (species) D	CYP6P9; CYP6P4 cluster	Anopheles funestus African malaria mosquito - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP79D15	Toxicity levels (cyanogenic glucoside)	Gene Loss, Deletion N	Trifolium repens white clover - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Olsen KM; Hsu SC; Small LL (2008) Evidence on the molecular basis of the Ac/ac adaptive cyanogenesis polymorphism in white clover (Tri[...] 1 Additional References Olsen KM; Kooyers NJ; Small LL (2013) Recurrent gene deletions and the evolution of adaptive cyanogenesis polymorphisms in white clover (T[...]	GP00000211	CYP79D15 B2Y2T9	Physiology	Gene deletion N	Trifolium repens white clover - (species)	Trifolium repens white clover - (species) D	CYP79D15	Trifolium repens white clover - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP81F2	Glucosinolate content Herbivore resistance (aphids)	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Pfalz M; Vogel H; Kroymann J (2009) The gene controlling the indole glucosinolate modifier1 quantitative trait locus alters indole gluco[...]	GP00000212	CYP81F2 Q9LVD6	Physiology Physiology	unknown	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	CYP81F2	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP9A	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; deltamethrin)	Gene Amplification, Insertion	Spodoptera frugiperda fall armyworm - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Gimenez S; Abdelgaffar H; Goff GL ; et al. (2020) Adaptation by copy number variation increases insecticide resistance in the fall armyworm.	GP00002476		Physiology	In sensitive alleles the gene cluster is composed of 12 CYP9A genes and two alcohol dehydrogenase genes. All 30 resistant alleles have two copies of this unit while 28 and 6 alleles of the sensitive individuals had one and two copies; respectively.	Spodoptera frugiperda fall armyworm - (species)	Spodoptera frugiperda fall armyworm - (species)	CYP9A	Spodoptera frugiperda fall armyworm - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP9A186	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; avermectin; emamectin benzoate; abamectin)	Coding, SNP	Spodoptera exigua beet armyworm - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Zuo Y; Shi Y; Zhang F ; et al. (2021) Genome mapping coupled with CRISPR gene editing reveals a P450 gene confers avermectin resistance in[...]	GP00002393	CYP9A186 A0A8E4AAI2	Physiology	Heterologous expression and in vitro functional assays further confirm that a natural substitution (F116V) found in the substrate recognition site 1 (SRS1) of the CYP9A186 protein results in enhanced metabolism of EB and abamectin	Spodoptera exigua beet armyworm - (species)	Spodoptera exigua beet armyworm - (species) D	CYP9A186	Spodoptera exigua beet armyworm - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP9J26	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Gene Amplification, Insertion	Aedes aegypti yellow fever mosquito - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Bariami V; Jones CM; Poupardin R ; et al. (2012) Gene amplification, ABC transporters and cytochrome P450s: unraveling the molecular basis of pyrethr[...]	GP00002606	CYP9J Q8T4S7	Physiology	CYP9J26 gene amplified about 6–7 times	Aedes aegypti yellow fever mosquito - (species)	Aedes aegypti yellow fever mosquito - (species) D	CYP9J26	Aedes aegypti yellow fever mosquito - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
cytochrome b	Xenobiotic resistance (fungicide; QoI; quinone outside inhibiting; famoxadone)	Coding, SNP	Plasmopara viticola (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Chen WJ; Delmotte F; Richard-Cervera S ; et al. (2007) At least two origins of fungicide resistance in grapevine downy mildew populations.	GP00002041	UQCRFS1 P47985	Physiology	Gly143Ala G1256C	Plasmopara viticola (species)	Plasmopara viticola (species) D	cytochrome b	Plasmopara viticola (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
cytochrome b	Xenobiotic resistance (fungicide; QoI; quinone outside inhibiting; famoxadone)	Coding, SNP	Plasmopara viticola (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Chen WJ; Delmotte F; Richard-Cervera S ; et al. (2007) At least two origins of fungicide resistance in grapevine downy mildew populations.	GP00002042	UQCRFS1 P47985	Physiology	Gly143Ala G1256C	Plasmopara viticola (species)	Plasmopara viticola (species) D	cytochrome b	Plasmopara viticola (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
cytochrome b	Xenobiotic resistance (fungicide; myxothiazol)	Coding, SNP	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Bennoun P; Delosme M; Kück U (1991) Mitochondrial genetics of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: resistance mutations marking the cytochrome b g[...]	GP00002043	UQCRFS1 P47985	Physiology	F129L	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (species)	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (species) D	cytochrome b	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
cytochrome c oxidase (COX7A)	Fertility Lifespan Locomotor activity	Coding, Deletion	Drosophila simulans (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Melvin RG; Katewa SD; Ballard JW (2008) A candidate complex approach to study functional mitochondrial DNA changes: sequence variation and q[...] 1 Additional References Ballard JW; Melvin RG (2011) Early life benefits and later life costs of a two amino acid deletion in Drosophila simulans.	GP00001980	COX7A Q9VHS2	Physiology Physiology Physiology	Deletion of two amino acids (Trp85 and Val86). The deletion occurs in subunit 7A of the mitochondrial electron trans-port chain protein cytochrome c oxidase (cox7A). The nuclear encoded cox7A gene produces a protein that isimported into the mitochondrion and forms a subunit of complexIV (cytochrome c oxidase) of the electron transport chain.	Drosophila simulans (species)	Drosophila simulans (species) D	cytochrome c oxidase (COX7A)	Drosophila simulans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Darkener of apricot (Doa)	Lifespan	Unknown, Unknown	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Hoedjes KM; Kostic H; Keller L ; et al. (2022) Natural alleles at the Doa locus underpin evolutionary changes in Drosophila lifespan and fecundity.	GP00002662	Doa P49762	Physiology	unknown	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Darkener of apricot (Doa)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
DC-STAMP domain containing 2 (DCST2)	Body size	Unknown, Unknown	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	van der Valk RJ; Kreiner-Møller E; Kooijman MN ; et al. (2015) A novel common variant in DCST2 is associated with length in early life and height in adulthood.	GP00001509	DCST2 Q5T1A1	Morphology	SNP rs905938 C allele associated with an increase in birth length but probably not the causative mutation	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	DC-STAMP domain containing 2 (DCST2)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Dca (=smp-30)	Wing size	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Lee SF; Chen Y; Varan AK ; et al. (2011) Molecular basis of adaptive shift in body size in Drosophila melanogaster: functional and sequence a[...] 1 Additional References McKechnie SW; Blacket MJ; Song SV (2010) A clinally varying promoter polymorphism associated with adaptive variation in wing size in Drosophi[...]	GP00000214	smp-30 Q9VFG5	Morphology	Non-coding	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Dca (=smp-30)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
DDB1	Resistance to UV irradiation (sun exposure to skin)	Cis-regulatory, Complex Change	Homo sapiens human - (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Crawford NG; Kelly DE; Hansen MEB ; et al. (2017) Loci associated with skin pigmentation identified in African populations.	GP00001363	DDB1 Q16531	Morphology	most strongly associated SNPs are located in a region conserved across vertebrates flanked by TMEM138 and TMEM216 ~36 to 44 kb upstream of DDB1 and in high LD ; includes rs7948623 located 172 bp downstream of TMEM138 which shows enhancer activity in melanoma cells and interacts with the promoters of DDB1	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species) D	DDB1	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Delta	Bristle number (abdomen)	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Long AD; Lyman RF; Langley CH ; et al. (1998) Two sites in the Delta gene region contribute to naturally occurring variation in bristle number in [...] 1 Additional References Genissel A; Pastinen T; Dowell A (2004) No evidence for an association between common nonsynonymous polymorphisms in delta and bristle numbe[...]	GP00000216	Dl P10041	Morphology	unknown; associated site in intron 5	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Delta	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Delta	Bristle number (thorax)	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Long AD; Lyman RF; Langley CH ; et al. (1998) Two sites in the Delta gene region contribute to naturally occurring variation in bristle number in [...] 1 Additional References Genissel A; Pastinen T; Dowell A (2004) No evidence for an association between common nonsynonymous polymorphisms in delta and bristle numbe[...]	GP00000217	Dl P10041	Morphology	unknown; associated site in intron 2	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Delta	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase A	Drought response (drought-induced proline accumulation)	2 Mutations: Coding	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Kesari R; Lasky JR; Villamor JG ; et al. (2012) Intron-mediated alternative splicing of Arabidopsis P5CS1 and its association with natural variation[...]	GP00001280	P5CSA P54887	Physiology	2 mutations	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species) D	Delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase A	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
desaturase 2 (desat2)	Pheromone production	Cis-regulatory, Deletion	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Takahashi A; Tsaur SC; Coyne JA ; et al. (2001) The nucleotide changes governing cuticular hydrocarbon variation and their evolution in Drosophila m[...] 1 Additional References Dallerac R; Labeur C; Jallon JM (2000) A delta 9 desaturase gene with a different substrate specificity is responsible for the cuticular di[...]	GP00000221	Desat2 Q9VG68	Physiology	16bp deletion about 150bp upstream of transcription start site	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	desaturase 2 (desat2)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
determinant of gall color (dgc)	Coloration (induced gall)	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Hormaphis cornu (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Korgaonkar A; Han C; Lemire AL ; et al. (2021) A novel family of secreted insect proteins linked to plant gall development.	GP00002392		Morphology	almost complete silencing of dgc expression in salivary glands of aphids carrying the red gall allele	Hormaphis cornu (species)	Hormaphis cornu (species)	determinant of gall color (dgc)	Hormaphis cornu (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Dihydroflavonol 4 reductase (MlDfr)	Coloration (flower)	Coding, Insertion N	Erythranthe lewisii (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Wu CA; Streisfeld MA; Nutter LI ; et al. (2013) The genetic basis of a rare flower color polymorphism in Mimulus lewisii provides insight into the r[...]	GP00001457	DFRA P51102	Morphology	A 2 nt (TG) insertion at position 265 causing a frameshift and a greatly truncated protein of 106 aa only about one-fourth of its functional length N	Erythranthe lewisii (species)	Erythranthe lewisii (species) D	Dihydroflavonol 4 reductase (MlDfr)	Erythranthe lewisii (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
dihydroflavonol reductase (DFR)	Coloration (flowers)	Coding, Deletion	Iochroma calycinum (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Coburn RA; Griffin RH; Smith SD (2015) Genetic basis for a rare floral mutant in an Andean species of Solanaceae.	GP00000224	DFRA P51102	Morphology	33bp (11 a.a) deletion In coding sequence	Iochroma calycinum (species)	Iochroma calycinum (species) D	dihydroflavonol reductase (DFR)	Iochroma calycinum (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
dihydroflavonol reductase (DFR)	Coloration (flowers)	Coding, SNP	Iochroma cyaneum (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Smith SD; Rausher MD (2011) Gene loss and parallel evolution contribute to species difference in flower color.	GP00000225	DFRA P51102	Morphology	12 candidate a.a. substitution in cluding one at a residue known to influence substrate specificity	Iochroma cyaneum (species)	Iochroma cyaneum (species)	dihydroflavonol reductase (DFR)	Iochroma cyaneum (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Dihydrofolate reductase (pvdhfr)	Xenobiotic resistance (pyrimethamine)	Unknown, Unknown	Plasmodium vivax malaria parasite P. vivax - (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Pearson RD; Amato R; Auburn S ; et al. (2016) Genomic analysis of local variation and recent evolution in Plasmodium vivax.	GP00001484	DHFR P00374	Physiology	unknown	Plasmodium vivax malaria parasite P. vivax - (species)	Plasmodium vivax malaria parasite P. vivax - (species) D	Dihydrofolate reductase (pvdhfr)	Plasmodium vivax malaria parasite P. vivax - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Dihydropteroate synthase (pvdhps)	Xenobiotic resistance (sulfadoxine)	Unknown, Unknown	Plasmodium vivax malaria parasite P. vivax - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Pearson RD; Amato R; Auburn S ; et al. (2016) Genomic analysis of local variation and recent evolution in Plasmodium vivax.	GP00001485	DHPS Q00LX9	Physiology	unknown	Plasmodium vivax malaria parasite P. vivax - (species)	Plasmodium vivax malaria parasite P. vivax - (species)	Dihydropteroate synthase (pvdhps)	Plasmodium vivax malaria parasite P. vivax - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Diptericin	Pathogen resistance (bacteria)	Coding, SNP	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Unckless RL; Rottschaefer SM; Lazzaro BP (2015) The complex contributions of genetics and nutrition to immunity in Drosophila melanogaster. 1 Additional References Unckless RL; Howick VM; Lazzaro BP (2016) Convergent Balancing Selection on an Antimicrobial Peptide in Drosophila.	GP00000227	DptA P24492	Physiology	Ser>Arg (AGC>AGA)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Diptericin	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Diptericin	Pathogen resistance (bacteria)	Coding, SNP	Drosophila simulans (species)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Unckless RL; Howick VM; Lazzaro BP (2016) Convergent Balancing Selection on an Antimicrobial Peptide in Drosophila. 1 Additional References Unckless RL; Lazzaro BP (2016) The potential for adaptive maintenance of diversity in insect antimicrobial peptides.	GP00000228	DptA P24492	Physiology	Ser>Arg (AGC>AGG)	Drosophila simulans (species)	Drosophila simulans (species)	Diptericin	Drosophila simulans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Distorter on the X (Dox)	Sex determination (sex ratio distortion)	Coding, Deletion	Drosophila simulans (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Tao Y; Araripe L; Kingan SB ; et al. (2007) A sex-ratio meiotic drive system in Drosophila simulans. II: an X-linked distorter.	GP00001969		Physiology	Deletion of 105bp, resulting in the loss of exon III, which deletes one of the 42bp elements that is tandemly repeated in wild-type Dsim\Dox.	Drosophila simulans (species)	Drosophila simulans (species) D	Distorter on the X (Dox)	Drosophila simulans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
DOG1 (DELAY OF GERMINATION 1)	Seed dormancy	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Bentsink L; Jowett J; Hanhart CJ ; et al. (2006) Cloning of DOG1, a quantitative trait locus controlling seed dormancy in Arabidopsis. 3 Additional References Atwell S; Huang YS; Vilhjálmsson BJ (2010) Genome-wide association study of 107 phenotypes in Arabidopsis thaliana inbred lines. Horton MW; Hancock AM; Huang YS (2012) Genome-wide patterns of genetic variation in worldwide Arabidopsis thaliana accessions from the RegM[...] Nakabayashi K; Bartsch M; Ding J (2015) Seed Dormancy in Arabidopsis Requires Self-Binding Ability of DOG1 Protein and the Presence of Multi[...]	GP00000231	DOG1 A0SVK0	Physiology	Not identified (possibly polyallelic as each cross to the Ler accession showed different DOG1 effects)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	DOG1 (DELAY OF GERMINATION 1)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
DOG1 (DELAY OF GERMINATION 1)	Seed dormancy	Cis-regulatory, SNP	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Kerdaffrec E; Filiault DL; Korte A ; et al. (2016) Multiple alleles at a single locus control seed dormancy in Swedish Arabidopsis.	GP00001397	DOG1 A0SVK0	Physiology	At least 3 haplotypes defined by 4 SNPs in a putative regulatory region of DOG-1.	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	DOG1 (DELAY OF GERMINATION 1)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Dopa oxidase-3 (Dox-3)	Enzymatic activity	Unknown, Unknown	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Asada N (1997) Genetic variants affecting phenoloxidase activity in Drosophila melanogaster.	GP00002000		Physiology	Exact causing mutation(s) unknown	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Dopa oxidase-3 (Dox-3)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Dopa-decarboxylase	Bristle number (abdomen)	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Mackay TF; Lyman RF (2005) Drosophila bristles and the nature of quantitative genetic variation.	GP00000232	Ddc P05031	Morphology	Promoter variation	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Dopa-decarboxylase	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Dopa-decarboxylase	Lifespan	Unknown, Unknown	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	De Luca M; Roshina NV; Geiger-Thornsberry GL ; et al. (2003) Dopa decarboxylase (Ddc) affects variation in Drosophila longevity.	GP00000233	Ddc P05031	Physiology	unknown	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Dopa-decarboxylase	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Doublesex	Coloration (wing ; Batesian mimicry)	Unknown, Unknown	Papilio polytes common Mormon - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Kunte K; Zhang W; Tenger-Trolander A ; et al. (2014) doublesex is a mimicry supergene. 2 Additional References Nishikawa H; Iijima T; Kajitani R (2015) A genetic mechanism for female-limited Batesian mimicry in Papilio butterfly. Zhang W; Westerman E; Nitzany E (2017) Tracing the origin and evolution of supergene mimicry in butterflies.	GP00001966	dsx P23023	Morphology	More than 1000 nucleotide substitutions differentiate mimetic and non-mimetic dsx alleles. The non-mimetic Cyrus Dsx protein folds much like other insects (such as Bombyx mori) whereas the mimetic polytes protein structure is highly divergent. Knockdown experiments show that female-specific dsx isoforms expressed from the inverted H allele (dsx(H)) induce mimetic coloration patterns and simultaneously repress non-mimetic patterns.	Papilio polytes common Mormon - (species)	Papilio polytes common Mormon - (species)	Doublesex	Papilio polytes common Mormon - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Doublesex	Coloration (wing ; Batesian mimicry)	Unknown, Unknown	Papilio memnon (species)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Iijima T; Kajitani R; Komata S ; et al. (2018) Parallel evolution of Batesian mimicry supergene in two Papilio butterflies, P. polytes and P. memno[...] 1 Additional References Komata S; Lin CP; Iijima T (2016) Identification of doublesex alleles associated with the female-limited Batesian mimicry polymorphism[...]	GP00001967	dsx P23023	Morphology	A locus containing three genes (dsx; Nach-like and UXT) displays dimorphic sequences strictly associated with the mimetic/nonmimetic phenotypes. Expression of dox; UXT but not Nach-like showed differences correlated with phenotype in female hind wings.	Papilio memnon (species)	Papilio memnon (species)	Doublesex	Papilio memnon (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
drh-1	Pathogen resistance (viral immunity)	Coding, Deletion	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Ashe A; Bélicard T; Le Pen J ; et al. (2013) A deletion polymorphism in the Caenorhabditis elegans RIG-I homolog disables viral RNA dicing and an[...]	GP00001308	drh-1 G5EDI8	Physiology	159 base deletion in CDS resulting in truncated but potentially non-null protein	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	drh-1	Caenorhabditis elegans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Drip	Fertility	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Bergland AO; Chae HS; Kim YJ ; et al. (2012) Fine-scale mapping of natural variation in fly fecundity identifies neuronal domain of expression an[...]	GP00000237	Drip Q9V5Z7	Physiology	unknown	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drip	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Drosomycin-like 5	Pathogen resistance (fungi)	Gene Amplification, Insertion	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Chakraborty M; Emerson JJ; Macdonald SJ ; et al. (2019) Structural variants exhibit widespread allelic heterogeneity and shape variation in complex traits.	GP00002111	Drsl5 Q9VZR2	Physiology	Duplication of the gene and insertion of a 4993-bp region (which comes from part of a neighboring gene). Associated with a >1000-fold expression increase of the gene.	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species) D	Drosomycin-like 5	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Duffy	Pathogen resistance (Plasmodium; malaria parasite) (malaria)	Cis-regulatory, SNP	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Tournamille C; Colin Y; Cartron JP ; et al. (1995) Disruption of a GATA motif in the Duffy gene promoter abolishes erythroid gene expression in Duffy-n[...]	GP00000240	ACKR1 Q16570	Physiology	T to C substitution in 5' region at pos -46	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Duffy	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
DYM	Body size (height)	Unknown, Unknown	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Lettre G (2011) Recent progress in the study of the genetics of height.	GP00000242	DYM Q7RTS9	Morphology	unknown	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	DYM	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EARLY FLOWERING 3(ELF3)	Flowering time	Coding, Indel	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Jiménez-Gómez JM; Wallace AD; Maloof JN (2010) Network analysis identifies ELF3 as a QTL for the shade avoidance response in Arabidopsis. 3 Additional References Chan EK; Rowe HC; Corwin JA (2011) Combining genome-wide association mapping and transcriptional networks to identify novel genes contr[...] Coluccio MP; Sanchez SE; Kasulin L (2011) Genetic mapping of natural variation in a shade avoidance response: ELF3 is the candidate gene for a[...] Undurraga SF; Press MO; Legendre M (2012) Background-dependent effects of polyglutamine variation in the Arabidopsis thaliana gene ELF3.	GP00000244	ELF3 O82804	Physiology	Background-dependent effects of extensive polyQ coding variation	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	EARLY FLOWERING 3(ELF3)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EARLY FLOWERING 3(ELF3) [possible pseudo-replicate]	Plant growth (hypocotyl elongation ; temperature-dependent)	Coding, SNP	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Raschke A; Ibañez C; Ullrich KK ; et al. (2015) Natural variants of ELF3 affect thermomorphogenesis by transcriptionally modulating PIF4-dependent a[...]	GP00001245	ELF3 O82804	Morphology	A362V	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	EARLY FLOWERING 3(ELF3) [possible pseudo-replicate]	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
early responsive to dehydration stress protein 4	Xenobiotic resistance (soil contamination; serpentine)	Unknown, Unknown	Arabidopsis arenosa (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Arnold BJ; Lahner B; DaCosta JM ; et al. (2016) Borrowed alleles and convergence in serpentine adaptation.	GP00001434	ERD4 Q9C8G5	Physiology	unknown	Arabidopsis arenosa (species)	Arabidopsis arenosa (species) D	early responsive to dehydration stress protein 4	Arabidopsis arenosa (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EBF1	Body fat distribution (pericardial)	Unknown, Unknown	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Chu AY; Deng X; Fisher VA ; et al. (2017) Multiethnic genome-wide meta-analysis of ectopic fat depots identifies loci associated with adipocyt[...]	GP00001554	EBF1 Q9UH73	Physiology	A>G & T>G in 2 associated SNPs	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	EBF1	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ebony	Coloration (abdomen)	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Drosophila novamexicana (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Wittkopp PJ; Stewart EE; Arnold LL ; et al. (2009) Intraspecific polymorphism to interspecific divergence: genetics of pigmentation in Drosophila. 1 Additional References Lamb Abigail M; Wang Zinan; Simmer Patricia (2020 ) ebony affects pigmentation divergence and cuticular hydrocarbons in Drosophila americana and D. nova[...]	GP00000248	e O76858	Morphology	Not identified	Drosophila americana (species)	Drosophila novamexicana (species) D	ebony	Drosophila novamexicana (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ebony	Coloration (thorax)	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Takahashi A; Takahashi K; Ueda R ; et al. (2007) Natural variation of ebony gene controlling thoracic pigmentation in Drosophila melanogaster. 1 Additional References Endler L; Gibert JM; Nolte V (2018) Pleiotropic effects of regulatory variation in tan result in correlation of two pigmentation traits [...]	GP00000249	e O76858	Morphology	Not identified	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	ebony	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ebony	Coloration (posterior abdomen)	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Drosophila auraria (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Johnson WC; Ordway AJ; Watada M ; et al. (2015) Genetic Changes to a Transcriptional Silencer Element Confers Phenotypic Diversity within and betwee[...]	GP00000250	e O76858	Morphology	Inactivation of a conserved silencer resulting in gain-of-expression; the increase in ebony expression in the light strain occurred primarily through mutations affecting the ebony male-specific silencer element	Drosophila auraria (species)	Drosophila auraria (species) D	ebony	Drosophila auraria (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ebony	Coloration (posterior abdomen)	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Takahashi A; Takano-Shimizu T (2011) Divergent enhancer haplotype of ebony on inversion In(3R)Payne associated with pigmentation variatio[...]	GP00000252	e O76858	Morphology	17 nucleotide sites and 2 indels in complete association with the thoracic trident pigmentation intensity in a 13kb region	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	ebony	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ebony	Coloration (posterior abdomen)	5 Mutations: Cis-regulatory SNP	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Rebeiz M; Pool JE; Kassner VA ; et al. (2009) Stepwise modification of a modular enhancer underlies adaptation in a Drosophila population.	GP00000253	e O76858	Morphology	5 mutations	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	ebony	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ebony	Coloration (male-specific)	Cis-regulatory, SNP	Drosophila malerkotliana (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Signor SA; Liu Y; Rebeiz M ; et al. (2016) Genetic Convergence in the Evolution of Male-Specific Color Patterns in Drosophila.	GP00001544	e O76858	Morphology	5 changes including 4 SNP and 1bp indel in the first intron	Drosophila malerkotliana (species)	Drosophila malerkotliana (species)	ebony	Drosophila malerkotliana (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ebony	Coloration (male-specific)	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Drosophila pseudoananassae (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Signor SA; Liu Y; Rebeiz M ; et al. (2016) Genetic Convergence in the Evolution of Male-Specific Color Patterns in Drosophila.	GP00001545	e O76858	Morphology	unknown	Drosophila pseudoananassae (species)	Drosophila pseudoananassae (species)	ebony	Drosophila pseudoananassae (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Ectodysplasin (EDA)	Scales (loss) Femoral glands (absent) Tooth number	Coding, Insertion	Pogona vitticeps central bearded dragon - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Di-Poï N; Milinkovitch MC (2016) The anatomical placode in reptile scale morphogenesis indicates shared ancestry among skin appendage[...]	GP00002040	Eda O54693	Morphology Morphology Morphology	5′688–bp insertion of a transposon of the LTR-Gypsy family which generates a new splice donor site (gt) 42 bases upstream of the wild-type donor site; thus generating a 14–amino acid deletion in the corresponding transcript	Pogona vitticeps central bearded dragon - (species)	Pogona vitticeps central bearded dragon - (species) D	Ectodysplasin (EDA)	Pogona vitticeps central bearded dragon - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EDAR	Hair thickness Eccrine gland density Ear traits = lobe size / lobe attachment / helix rolling / ear protrusion Tooth morphology (shovel-shaped incisors)	Coding, SNP	Homo sapiens human - (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Fujimoto A; Kimura R; Ohashi J ; et al. (2008) A scan for genetic determinants of human hair morphology: EDAR is associated with Asian hair thickne[...] 4 Additional References Kamberov YG; Wang S; Tan J (2013) Modeling recent human evolution in mice by expression of a selected EDAR variant. Adhikari K; Reales G; Smith AJ (2015) A genome-wide association study identifies multiple loci for variation in human ear morphology. Park JH; Yamaguchi T; Watanabe C (2012) Effects of an Asian-specific nonsynonymous EDAR variant on multiple dental traits. Kimura R; Yamaguchi T; Takeda M (2009) A common variation in EDAR is a genetic determinant of shovel-shaped incisors.	GP00000256	EDAR Q9UNE0	Morphology Morphology Morphology Morphology	p.Val370Ala; functionally validated in mouse	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species) D	EDAR	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EGFR	Wing shape (length)	Unknown, Unknown	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Dworkin I; Palsson A; Gibson G (2005) Replication of an Egfr-wing shape association in a wild-caught cohort of Drosophila melanogaster. 1 Additional References Palsson A; Dodgson J; Dworkin I (2005) Tests for the replication of an association between Egfr and natural variation in Drosophila melanog[...]	GP00000259	Egfr P04412	Morphology	unknown	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	EGFR	Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EGFR	Coloration (skin)	Unknown, Unknown	Homo sapiens human - (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Quillen EE; Bauchet M; Bigham AW ; et al. (2012) OPRM1 and EGFR contribute to skin pigmentation differences between Indigenous Americans and European[...]	GP00001537	EGFR P00533	Morphology	A>T associated SNP	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species) D	EGFR	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
egl-4 (Ppa-egl-4)	Insect pheromone attraction	Unknown, Unknown	Pristionchus pacificus (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Hong RL; Witte H; Sommer RJ (2008) Natural variation in Pristionchus pacificus insect pheromone attraction involves the protein kinase [...]	GP00000260	egl-4 O76360	Behavior	unknown	Pristionchus pacificus (species)	Pristionchus pacificus (species)	egl-4 (Ppa-egl-4)	Pristionchus pacificus (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EGLN1	Hypoxia response	Coding, SNP	Homo sapiens human - (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Simonson TS; Yang Y; Huff CD ; et al. (2010) Genetic evidence for high-altitude adaptation in Tibet. 3 Additional References Bigham A; Bauchet M; Pinto D (2010) Identifying signatures of natural selection in Tibetan and Andean populations using dense genome sca[...] Xu S; Li S; Yang Y (2011) A genome-wide search for signals of high-altitude adaptation in Tibetans. Xiang K; Ouzhuluobu ; Peng Y (2013) Identification of a Tibetan-specific mutation in the hypoxic gene EGLN1 and its contribution to high[...]	GP00000261	EGLN1 Q9GZT9	Physiology	possibly D4E	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species) D	EGLN1	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EGLN1	Hypoxia response	Unknown, Unknown	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Bigham A; Bauchet M; Pinto D ; et al. (2010) Identifying signatures of natural selection in Tibetan and Andean populations using dense genome sca[...]	GP00000262	EGLN1 Q9GZT9	Physiology	unknown	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	EGLN1	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EGLN1	High-altitude adaptation Hypoxia response	Unknown, Unknown	Anas flavirostris Yellow-billed teal - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Graham AM; McCracken KG (2019) Convergent evolution on the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway genes EGLN1 and EPAS1 in high-alt[...]	GP00002135	EGLN1 Q9GZT9	Physiology Physiology	probably cis-regulatory because no nonsynonymous mutations in the coding exon with high Fst	Anas flavirostris Yellow-billed teal - (species)	Anas flavirostris Yellow-billed teal - (species) D	EGLN1	Anas flavirostris Yellow-billed teal - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EGLN1	High-altitude adaptation Hypoxia response	Unknown, Unknown	Anas georgica yellow-billed pintail - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Graham AM; McCracken KG (2019) Convergent evolution on the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway genes EGLN1 and EPAS1 in high-alt[...]	GP00002136	EGLN1 Q9GZT9	Physiology Physiology	probably cis-regulatory because no nonsynonymous mutations in the coding exon with high Fst	Anas georgica yellow-billed pintail - (species)	Anas georgica yellow-billed pintail - (species) D	EGLN1	Anas georgica yellow-billed pintail - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EGNL1	High-altitude adaptation Hypoxia response	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Anas cyanoptera cinnamon teal - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Graham AM; McCracken KG (2019) Convergent evolution on the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway genes EGLN1 and EPAS1 in high-alt[...]	GP00002134	EGLN1 Q9GZT9	Physiology Physiology	probably cis-regulatory because no nonsynonymous mutations in the coding exon with high Fst	Anas cyanoptera cinnamon teal - (species)	Anas cyanoptera cinnamon teal - (species) D	EGNL1	Anas cyanoptera cinnamon teal - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EIF2AK3	Body size (height)	Unknown, Unknown	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Lettre G (2011) Recent progress in the study of the genetics of height.	GP00000264	EIF2AK3 Q9NZJ5	Morphology	unknown	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	EIF2AK3	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EIF2S2	Coloration (skin)	Unknown, Unknown	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Liu F; Visser M; Duffy DL ; et al. (2015) Genetics of skin color variation in Europeans: genome-wide association studies with functional follo[...]	GP00001359	EIF2S2 P20042	Morphology	unknown	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	EIF2S2	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
END3	Temperature tolerance Virulence	Coding, SNP	Saccharomyces cerevisiae baker's yeast - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Steinmetz LM; Sinha H; Richards DR ; et al. (2002) Dissecting the architecture of a quantitative trait locus in yeast. 1 Additional References Sinha H; Nicholson BP; Steinmetz LM (2006) Complex genetic interactions in a quantitative trait locus.	GP00000267	END3 P39013	Physiology Physiology	S258N	Saccharomyces cerevisiae baker's yeast - (species)	Saccharomyces cerevisiae baker's yeast - (species)	END3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae baker's yeast - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
END3	Temperature tolerance Virulence	Coding, SNP	Saccharomyces cerevisiae baker's yeast - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Steinmetz LM; Sinha H; Richards DR ; et al. (2002) Dissecting the architecture of a quantitative trait locus in yeast. 1 Additional References Sinha H; Nicholson BP; Steinmetz LM (2006) Complex genetic interactions in a quantitative trait locus.	GP00000268	END3 P39013	Physiology Physiology	D268N	Saccharomyces cerevisiae baker's yeast - (species)	Saccharomyces cerevisiae baker's yeast - (species)	END3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae baker's yeast - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
engrailed	Coloration (wing ; Batesian mimicry)	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Papilio dardanus African swallowtail butterfly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Timmermans MJTN; Srivathsan A; Collins S ; et al. (2020) Mimicry diversification in Papilio dardanus via a genomic inversion in the regulatory region of engr[...]	GP00002428	en P02836	Morphology	Association with many nucleotide changes in a cis-regulatory region of engrailed. The diverged region exhibits a discrete chromosomal inversion of 40 kb relative to the ancestral orientation that is associated with the cenea morph, but not with the bottom-recessive hippocoonides morph or with non-mimetic allopatric populations.	Papilio dardanus African swallowtail butterfly - (species)	Papilio dardanus African swallowtail butterfly - (species) D	engrailed	Papilio dardanus African swallowtail butterfly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Enhanced shoot growth under mannitol stress 2 (EGM2)	Plant growth (shoot growth under stress)	2 Mutations: Coding SNP	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Trontin C; Kiani S; Corwin JA ; et al. (2014) A pair of receptor-like kinases is responsible for natural variation in shoot growth response to man[...]	GP00001630	At1g11300 Q9SXB4	Physiology	2 mutations	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species) D	Enhanced shoot growth under mannitol stress 2 (EGM2)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ENSA	Body fat distribution (pericardial)	Unknown, Unknown	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Chu AY; Deng X; Fisher VA ; et al. (2017) Multiethnic genome-wide meta-analysis of ectopic fat depots identifies loci associated with adipocyt[...]	GP00001558	ENSA O43768	Physiology	A>G in associated SNP	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	ENSA	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EPAS1	Hypoxia response	Unknown, Unknown	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Simonson TS; Yang Y; Huff CD ; et al. (2010) Genetic evidence for high-altitude adaptation in Tibet. 1 Additional References Xu S; Li S; Yang Y (2011) A genome-wide search for signals of high-altitude adaptation in Tibetans.	GP00000274	EPAS1 Q99814	Physiology	unknown	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Homo sapiens human - (species)	EPAS1	Homo sapiens human - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EPAS1	Hypoxia response	Coding, SNP	Peromyscus maniculatus North American deer mouse - (species) D	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Schweizer RM; Velotta JP; Ivy CM ; et al. (2019) Physiological and genomic evidence that selection on the transcription factor Epas1 has altered card[...]	GP00002062	EPAS1 Q99814	Physiology	non-synonymous polymorphism located at site 755 in the 14th exon that changes threonine to methionine Thr755Met	Peromyscus maniculatus North American deer mouse - (species)	Peromyscus maniculatus North American deer mouse - (species) D	EPAS1	Peromyscus maniculatus North American deer mouse - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EPAS1	High-altitude adaptation Hypoxia response	Unknown, Unknown	Anas cyanoptera cinnamon teal - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Graham AM; McCracken KG (2019) Convergent evolution on the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway genes EGLN1 and EPAS1 in high-alt[...]	GP00002131	EPAS1 Q99814	Physiology Physiology	several candidate coding mutations	Anas cyanoptera cinnamon teal - (species)	Anas cyanoptera cinnamon teal - (species) D	EPAS1	Anas cyanoptera cinnamon teal - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EPAS1	High-altitude adaptation Hypoxia response	Unknown, Unknown	Anas flavirostris Yellow-billed teal - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Graham AM; McCracken KG (2019) Convergent evolution on the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway genes EGLN1 and EPAS1 in high-alt[...]	GP00002132	EPAS1 Q99814	Physiology Physiology	several candidate coding mutations	Anas flavirostris Yellow-billed teal - (species)	Anas flavirostris Yellow-billed teal - (species) D	EPAS1	Anas flavirostris Yellow-billed teal - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EPAS1	High-altitude adaptation Hypoxia response	Unknown, Unknown	Anas georgica yellow-billed pintail - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Graham AM; McCracken KG (2019) Convergent evolution on the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway genes EGLN1 and EPAS1 in high-alt[...]	GP00002133	EPAS1 Q99814	Physiology Physiology	several candidate coding mutations	Anas georgica yellow-billed pintail - (species)	Anas georgica yellow-billed pintail - (species) D	EPAS1	Anas georgica yellow-billed pintail - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Epithiospecifier Modifier1 (ESM1)	Nitrile content	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Zhang Z; Ober JA; Kliebenstein DJ (2006) The gene controlling the quantitative trait locus EPITHIOSPECIFIER MODIFIER1 alters glucosinolate hy[...]	GP00000277	ESM1 Q9LJG3	Physiology	Not identified	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Epithiospecifier Modifier1 (ESM1)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Epithiospecifier protein (ESP)	Plant secondary metabolite (glucosinolate) Herbivore resistance	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Lambrix V; Reichelt M; Mitchell-Olds T ; et al. (2001) The Arabidopsis epithiospecifier protein promotes the hydrolysis of glucosinolates to nitriles and i[...]	GP00000278	ESP Q8RY71	Physiology Physiology	Not identified	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Epithiospecifier protein (ESP)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
Epithiospecifier protein (ESP)	Plant secondary metabolite (glucosinolate) Herbivore resistance	Coding, Deletion N	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Lambrix V; Reichelt M; Mitchell-Olds T ; et al. (2001) The Arabidopsis epithiospecifier protein promotes the hydrolysis of glucosinolates to nitriles and i[...]	GP00000279	ESP Q8RY71	Physiology Physiology	deletion of 124 bases that eliminates a splice site and 100 nucleotides of the ORF N	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species) D	Epithiospecifier protein (ESP)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS	Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)	Gene Amplification, Insertion	Amaranthus palmeri (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Gaines TA; Zhang W; Wang D ; et al. (2010) Gene amplification confers glyphosate resistance in Amaranthus palmeri.	GP00001883	At2g45300 P05466	Physiology	Genomes of resistant plants contain from 5-fold to more than 160-fold more copies of the EPSPS gene than did genomes of susceptible plants - the duplicated section of DNA including the 10 kb EPSPS gene is at least 30 kb long	Amaranthus palmeri (species)	Amaranthus palmeri (species) D	EPSPS	Amaranthus palmeri (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS	Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)	Gene Amplification, Insertion	Amaranthus tuberculatus (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Tranel PJ; Riggins CW; Bell MS ; et al. (2011) Herbicide resistances in Amaranthus tuberculatus: a call for new options.	GP00001884	At2g45300 P05466	Physiology	4 copies of the EPSPS gene	Amaranthus tuberculatus (species)	Amaranthus tuberculatus (species) D	EPSPS	Amaranthus tuberculatus (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS	Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)	Gene Amplification, Insertion	Lolium multiflorum Italian ryegrass - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Salas RA; Dayan FE; Pan Z ; et al. (2012) EPSPS gene amplification in glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass (Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorum) [...]	GP00001885	At2g45300 P05466	Physiology	15-25 copies of the EPSPS gene	Lolium multiflorum Italian ryegrass - (species)	Lolium multiflorum Italian ryegrass - (species) D	EPSPS	Lolium multiflorum Italian ryegrass - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS	Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)	Gene Amplification, Insertion	Bassia scoparia (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Sammons RD; Gaines TA (2014) Glyphosate resistance: state of knowledge.	GP00001886	At2g45300 P05466	Physiology	15-25 copies of the EPSPS gene	Bassia scoparia (species)	Bassia scoparia (species) D	EPSPS	Bassia scoparia (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS	Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)	Gene Amplification, Insertion	Amaranthus spinosus (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Sammons RD; Gaines TA (2014) Glyphosate resistance: state of knowledge.	GP00001887	At2g45300 P05466	Physiology	26-37 copies of the EPSPS gene	Amaranthus spinosus (species)	Amaranthus spinosus (species) D	EPSPS	Amaranthus spinosus (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS	Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)	Coding, SNP	Eleusine indica goosegrass - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Baerson SR; Rodriguez DJ; Tran M ; et al. (2002) Glyphosate-resistant goosegrass. Identification of a mutation in the target enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshik[...]	GP00001888	At2g45300 P05466	Physiology	Pro106Ser leading to 2-4-fold resistance	Eleusine indica goosegrass - (species)	Eleusine indica goosegrass - (species) D	EPSPS	Eleusine indica goosegrass - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS	Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)	Coding, SNP	Echinochloa colona (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Morran S; Moretti ML; Brunharo CA ; et al. (2018) Multiple target site resistance to glyphosate in junglerice (Echinochloa colona) lines from Californ[...]	GP00001889	At2g45300 P05466	Physiology	Pro106Ser leading to resistance	Echinochloa colona (species)	Echinochloa colona (species) D	EPSPS	Echinochloa colona (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS	Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)	Coding, SNP	Echinochloa colona (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Morran S; Moretti ML; Brunharo CA ; et al. (2018) Multiple target site resistance to glyphosate in junglerice (Echinochloa colona) lines from Californ[...]	GP00001890	At2g45300 P05466	Physiology	Pro106Leu leading to resistance	Echinochloa colona (species)	Echinochloa colona (species) D	EPSPS	Echinochloa colona (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS	Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)	Coding, SNP	Echinochloa colona (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Morran S; Moretti ML; Brunharo CA ; et al. (2018) Multiple target site resistance to glyphosate in junglerice (Echinochloa colona) lines from Californ[...]	GP00001891	At2g45300 P05466	Physiology	Pro106Thr leading to resistance	Echinochloa colona (species)	Echinochloa colona (species) D	EPSPS	Echinochloa colona (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS	Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)	Coding, SNP	Amaranthus tuberculatus (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Bell Michael S; Hager Aaron G; Tranel Patrick J (2013 ) Multiple resistance to herbicides from four site-of-action groups in waterhemp (Amaranthus tubercula[...]	GP00001892	At2g45300 P05466	Physiology	resistance not due to EPSPS amplification; partly due to P106S mutation	Amaranthus tuberculatus (species)	Amaranthus tuberculatus (species) D	EPSPS	Amaranthus tuberculatus (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS	Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)	Coding, SNP	Lolium multiflorum Italian ryegrass - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Jasieniuk Marie; Ahmad Riaz; Sherwood Anna M ; et al. (2008 ) Glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) in California: distribution, response to [...]	GP00001896	At2g45300 P05466	Physiology	Pro106Ser	Lolium multiflorum Italian ryegrass - (species)	Lolium multiflorum Italian ryegrass - (species) D	EPSPS	Lolium multiflorum Italian ryegrass - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS	Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)	Coding, SNP	Lolium multiflorum Italian ryegrass - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Jasieniuk Marie; Ahmad Riaz; Sherwood Anna M ; et al. (2008 ) Glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) in California: distribution, response to [...]	GP00001897	At2g45300 P05466	Physiology	Pro106Ala conferring 5-15-fold resistance	Lolium multiflorum Italian ryegrass - (species)	Lolium multiflorum Italian ryegrass - (species) D	EPSPS	Lolium multiflorum Italian ryegrass - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS	Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)	Coding, SNP	Eleusine indica goosegrass - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Ng CH; Wickneswari R; Salmijah S ; et al. (2003 ) Gene polymorphisms in glyphosate‐resistant and‐susceptible biotypes of Eleusine indica from Malaysia[...]	GP00001898	At2g45300 P05466	Physiology	Pro106Thr leading to 3-fold resistance	Eleusine indica goosegrass - (species)	Eleusine indica goosegrass - (species) D	EPSPS	Eleusine indica goosegrass - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS	Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)	Coding, SNP	Digitaria insularis (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	de Carvalho LB; Alves PL; González-Torralva F ; et al. (2012) Pool of resistance mechanisms to glyphosate in Digitaria insularis.	GP00001899	At2g45300 P05466	Physiology	Pro106Thr	Digitaria insularis (species)	Digitaria insularis (species) D	EPSPS	Digitaria insularis (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS	Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)	Coding, SNP	Lolium rigidum (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Kaundun SS; Dale RP; Zelaya IA ; et al. (2011) A novel P106L mutation in EPSPS and an unknown mechanism(s) act additively to confer resistance to g[...]	GP00001900	At2g45300 P05466	Physiology	Pro106Leu conferring a 1.7-fold resistance increase to glyphosate at the whole plant level	Lolium rigidum (species)	Lolium rigidum (species) D	EPSPS	Lolium rigidum (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS	Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)	Coding, SNP	Lolium rigidum (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Bostamam Yazid; Malone Jenna M; Dolman Fleur C ; et al. (2012 ) Rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) populations containing a target site mutation in EPSPS and reduced g[...]	GP00001901	At2g45300 P05466	Physiology	Pro106Ser	Lolium rigidum (species)	Lolium rigidum (species) D	EPSPS	Lolium rigidum (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS	Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)	Coding, SNP	Lolium rigidum (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Bostamam Yazid; Malone Jenna M; Dolman Fleur C ; et al. (2012 ) Rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) populations containing a target site mutation in EPSPS and reduced g[...]	GP00001902	At2g45300 P05466	Physiology	Pro106Thr	Lolium rigidum (species)	Lolium rigidum (species) D	EPSPS	Lolium rigidum (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS	Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)	Coding, SNP	Lolium rigidum (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Yu Q; Cairns A; Powles S (2007) Glyphosate, paraquat and ACCase multiple herbicide resistance evolved in a Lolium rigidum biotype.	GP00001903	At2g45300 P05466	Physiology	Pro106Ala	Lolium rigidum (species)	Lolium rigidum (species) D	EPSPS	Lolium rigidum (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ERECTA	Plant architecture Leaf architecture Transpiration	Unknown, Unknown	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Masle J; Gilmore SR; Farquhar GD (2005) The ERECTA gene regulates plant transpiration efficiency in Arabidopsis. 2 Additional References El-Lithy ME; Reymond M; Stich B (2010) Relation among plant growth, carbohydrates and flowering time in the Arabidopsis Landsberg erecta x [...] Huang X; Paulo MJ; Boer M (2011) Analysis of natural allelic variation in Arabidopsis using a multiparent recombinant inbred line pop[...]	GP00000280	ERECTA Q42371	Morphology Morphology Physiology	unknown	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	ERECTA	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ERECTA	Pathogen resistance (Cucumerina fungus)	Unknown, Unknown	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Llorente F; Alonso-Blanco C; Sánchez-Rodriguez C ; et al. (2005) ERECTA receptor-like kinase and heterotrimeric G protein from Arabidopsis are required for resistanc[...]	GP00001244	ERECTA Q42371	Physiology	unknown	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	ERECTA	Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ERG11 = CYP51A1	Xenobiotic resistance	Coding, SNP	Candida albicans (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Sanglard D; Ischer F; Koymans L ; et al. (1998) Amino acid substitutions in the cytochrome P-450 lanosterol 14alpha-demethylase (CYP51A1) from azole[...]	GP00000281	ERG11 P10613	Physiology	Y132H	Candida albicans (species)	Candida albicans (species) D	ERG11 = CYP51A1	Candida albicans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ERG11 = CYP51A1	Xenobiotic resistance	Coding, SNP	Candida albicans (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Sanglard D; Ischer F; Koymans L ; et al. (1998) Amino acid substitutions in the cytochrome P-450 lanosterol 14alpha-demethylase (CYP51A1) from azole[...]	GP00000282	ERG11 P10613	Physiology	S405F	Candida albicans (species)	Candida albicans (species) D	ERG11 = CYP51A1	Candida albicans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ERG11 = CYP51A1	Xenobiotic resistance	Coding, SNP	Candida albicans (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Sanglard D; Ischer F; Koymans L ; et al. (1998) Amino acid substitutions in the cytochrome P-450 lanosterol 14alpha-demethylase (CYP51A1) from azole[...]	GP00000283	ERG11 P10613	Physiology	G464S	Candida albicans (species)	Candida albicans (species) D	ERG11 = CYP51A1	Candida albicans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ERG11 = CYP51A1	Xenobiotic resistance	Coding, SNP	Candida albicans (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Sanglard D; Ischer F; Koymans L ; et al. (1998) Amino acid substitutions in the cytochrome P-450 lanosterol 14alpha-demethylase (CYP51A1) from azole[...]	GP00000284	ERG11 P10613	Physiology	R467K	Candida albicans (species)	Candida albicans (species) D	ERG11 = CYP51A1	Candida albicans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ERG11 = CYP51A1	Xenobiotic resistance	Coding, Indel	Candida albicans (species)	Intraspecific	Association Mapping	Coste A; Selmecki A; Forche A ; et al. (2007) Genotypic evolution of azole resistance mechanisms in sequential Candida albicans isolates.	GP00000285	ERG11 P10613	Physiology	Copy number Variant	Candida albicans (species)	Candida albicans (species)	ERG11 = CYP51A1	Candida albicans (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
ESR1	Aggression behavior	Cis-regulatory, Unknown	Zonotrichia albicollis white-throated sparrow - (species) D	Intraspecific	Linkage Mapping	Merritt JR; Grogan KE; Zinzow-Kramer WM ; et al. (2020) A supergene-linked estrogen receptor drives alternative phenotypes in a polymorphic songbird.	GP00002440	Esr1 P19785	Behavior	Increase in expression of the gene in the white-striped morph. Differential allelic expression in heterozygotes.	Zonotrichia albicollis white-throated sparrow - (species)	Zonotrichia albicollis white-throated sparrow - (species) D	ESR1	Zonotrichia albicollis white-throated sparrow - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase A8 and B8	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Gene Amplification, Insertion	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Qiao CL; Marquine M; Pasteur N ; et al. (1998) A new esterase gene amplification involved in OP resistance in Culex pipiens mosquitoes from China.	GP00002641	B1 P16854	Physiology	coamplification of both esterase loci (Est-2 and Est-3)	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species)	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species) D	esterase A8 and B8	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase B1	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; benzoylurea)	Gene Amplification, Complex Change	Culex tritaeniorhynchus (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Karunaratne SH; Vaughan A; Paton MG ; et al. (1998) Amplification of a serine esterase gene is involved in insecticide resistance in Sri Lankan Culex tr[...]	GP00000290	B1 P16854	Physiology	Whole gene amplification	Culex tritaeniorhynchus (species)	Culex tritaeniorhynchus (species) D	esterase B1	Culex tritaeniorhynchus (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase B1 + esterase A	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Gene Amplification, Complex Change	Culex quinquefasciatus southern house mosquito - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Rooker S; Guillemaud T; Bergé J ; et al. (1996) Coamplification of esterase A and B genes as a single unit in Culex pipiens mosquitoes.	GP00000291	B1 P16854	Physiology	Amplification of a region containing both genes	Culex quinquefasciatus southern house mosquito - (species)	Culex quinquefasciatus southern house mosquito - (species) D	esterase B1 + esterase A	Culex quinquefasciatus southern house mosquito - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase B1 = esterase beta1	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Gene Amplification, Complex Change	Culex quinquefasciatus southern house mosquito - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Mouchès C; Pasteur N; Bergé JB ; et al. (1986) Amplification of an esterase gene is responsible for insecticide resistance in a California Culex mo[...] 3 Additional References Guillemaud T; Raymond M; Tsagkarakou A (1999) Quantitative variation and selection of esterase gene amplification in Culex pipiens. Mouches C; Pauplin Y; Agarwal M (1990) Characterization of amplification core and esterase B1 gene responsible for insecticide resistance i[...] Guillemaud T; Rooker S; Pasteur N (1996) Testing the unique amplification event and the worldwide migration hypothesis of insecticide resista[...]	GP00000292	B1 P16854	Physiology	Amplification of esterase B1 only	Culex quinquefasciatus southern house mosquito - (species)	Culex quinquefasciatus southern house mosquito - (species) D	esterase B1 = esterase beta1	Culex quinquefasciatus southern house mosquito - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase B4	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; chlorpyrifos)	Gene Amplification, Insertion	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Poirié M; Raymond M; Pasteur N (1992) Identification of two distinct amplifications of the esterase B locus in Culex pipiens (L.) mosquito[...]	GP00002639	B1 P16854	Physiology	The production of the esterase B is approximately 50- and 500-fold higher in mosquitoes from France and Cyprus (respectively) than in susceptible insects whereas the number of gene copies is about 25 and 250. Differences of about 7- and 95-fold were also found in the degree of chlorpyrifos resistance.	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species)	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species) D	esterase B4	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase B5	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; chlorpyrifos)	Gene Amplification, Insertion	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Poirié M; Raymond M; Pasteur N (1992) Identification of two distinct amplifications of the esterase B locus in Culex pipiens (L.) mosquito[...]	GP00002640	B1 P16854	Physiology	The production of the esterase B is approximately 50- and 500-fold higher in mosquitoes from France and Cyprus (respectively) than in susceptible insects whereas the number of gene copies is about 25 and 250. Differences of about 7- and 95-fold were also found in the degree of chlorpyrifos resistance.	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species)	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species) D	esterase B5	Culex pipiens northern house mosquito - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase E4	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Gene Amplification, Complex Change	Myzus persicae green peach aphid - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Field LM; Devonshire AL; Forde BG (1988) Molecular evidence that insecticide resistance in peach-potato aphids (Myzus persicae Sulz.) results[...] 2 Additional References Field LM; Blackman RL; Tyler-Smith C (1999) Relationship between amount of esterase and gene copy number in insecticide-resistant Myzus persicae[...] Bass C; Puinean AM; Zimmer CT (2014) The evolution of insecticide resistance in the peach potato aphid, Myzus persicae.	GP00000293	P35501	Physiology	Whole gene amplification. Amplification of the E4 gene is closely linked to a chromosomal translocation (the autosomal 1-3 translocation event) and amplified genes are situated at a single heterozygous site on autosome 3 as a tandem array of head-to-tail amplicons.	Myzus persicae green peach aphid - (species)	Myzus persicae green peach aphid - (species) D	esterase E4	Myzus persicae green peach aphid - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase FE4	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Gene Amplification, Insertion	Myzus persicae green peach aphid - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Blackman RL; Spence JM; Field LM ; et al. (1999 ) Variation in the chromosomal distribution of amplified esterase (FE4) genes in Greek field populatio[...] 2 Additional References Field LM; Blackman RL; Tyler-Smith C (1999) Relationship between amount of esterase and gene copy number in insecticide-resistant Myzus persicae[...] Bass C; Puinean AM; Zimmer CT (2014) The evolution of insecticide resistance in the peach potato aphid, Myzus persicae.	GP00002642	P35502	Physiology	Gene amplification	Myzus persicae green peach aphid - (species)	Myzus persicae green peach aphid - (species) D	esterase FE4	Myzus persicae green peach aphid - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase isozyme E3	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Lucilia cuprina Australian sheep blowfly - (species)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Newcomb RD; Campbell PM; Ollis DL ; et al. (1997) A single amino acid substitution converts a carboxylesterase to an organophosphorus hydrolase and co[...]	GP00000294	LcaE7 Q25252	Physiology	Gly137Asp	Lucilia cuprina Australian sheep blowfly - (species)	Lucilia cuprina Australian sheep blowfly - (species)	esterase isozyme E3	Lucilia cuprina Australian sheep blowfly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase isozyme E3	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Lucilia cuprina Australian sheep blowfly - (species)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Jackson CJ; Liu JW; Carr PD ; et al. (2013) Structure and function of an insect α-carboxylesterase (αEsterase7) associated with insecticide resi[...]	GP00000295	LcaE7 Q25252	Physiology	Trp251Leu	Lucilia cuprina Australian sheep blowfly - (species)	Lucilia cuprina Australian sheep blowfly - (species)	esterase isozyme E3	Lucilia cuprina Australian sheep blowfly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase isozyme E3	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Lucilia sericata common green bottle fly - (species)	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Hartley CJ; Newcomb RD; Russell RJ ; et al. (2006) Amplification of DNA from preserved specimens shows blowflies were preadapted for the rapid evolutio[...]	GP00000296	LcaE7 Q25252	Physiology	Trp251Leu	Lucilia sericata common green bottle fly - (species)	Lucilia sericata common green bottle fly - (species)	esterase isozyme E3	Lucilia sericata common green bottle fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase isozyme E3	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Lucilia sericata common green bottle fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Hartley CJ; Newcomb RD; Russell RJ ; et al. (2006) Amplification of DNA from preserved specimens shows blowflies were preadapted for the rapid evolutio[...]	GP00000297	LcaE7 Q25252	Physiology	Trp251Ser	Lucilia sericata common green bottle fly - (species)	Lucilia sericata common green bottle fly - (species) D	esterase isozyme E3	Lucilia sericata common green bottle fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase isozyme E3	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Lucilia sericata common green bottle fly - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	Hartley CJ; Newcomb RD; Russell RJ ; et al. (2006) Amplification of DNA from preserved specimens shows blowflies were preadapted for the rapid evolutio[...]	GP00000298	LcaE7 Q25252	Physiology	Gly137Asp	Lucilia sericata common green bottle fly - (species)	Lucilia sericata common green bottle fly - (species) D	esterase isozyme E3	Lucilia sericata common green bottle fly - (species)	Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase isozyme E3	Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)	Coding, SNP	Cochliomyia hominivorax primary screw-worm - (species) D	Intraspecific	Candidate Gene	da Silva NM; de Carvalho RA; de Azeredo-Espin AM (2011) Acetylcholinesterase cDNA sequencing and identification of mutations associated with organophosphate[...] 2 Additional References Feyereisen R; Dermauw W; Van Leeuwen T (2015) Genotype to phenotype, the molecular and physiological dimensions of resistance in arthropods. de Carvalho RA; Torres TT; de Azeredo-Espin AM (2006) A survey of mutations in the Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) esterase E3 gene assoc[...]	GP00002584	alphaE7 A0A0G3Z837